Africa ikeneye ijwi rimwe mu nama y’i Paris ngo idatsikamirwa mu byemezo

Kuba Afurika yohereza 4% by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ariko niyo igerwaho n’ibyago biterwa nabyo(ibyuka), niyo mpamvu ngo uyu mugabane ukeneye kugira ijwi rimwe kugira ngo wivuganire bityo abawutuye bo kuba ibitambo by’ibihugu bikomeye bihumanya ikirere. Mu nama y’isi yiga ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere yatangiye kuri uyu wa mbere i Paris, u Rwanda ruhagarariweyo na Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga, Minisitiri y’iby’umutungo kamere n’umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’igihugu cyo kubungabunga ibidukikije,REMA.

Ibihugu 54 bigize umugabane w’Afurika byari biyitegerezanyije amatsiko ngo bivuge uburyo bikomeje kugerwaho n’akaga gaterwa na biriya byotsi birimo umwuka mubi wa carbone witwa C02 kandi bifite(ibihugu by’Afurika) uruhare ruto mu kuwohereza mu kirere.

Ibi bihugu bikeneye kunga ubumwe bikazamura ijwi rimwe ryemeza ibihugu bikize ko igihe kigeze ngo Afurika ihabwe agahenge, abaturage bayo ntibakomeze kuba ibitambo.

Iri jwi rigomba gusaba ko biriya bihugu bigira uruhare runini mu gusana ibyangizwa n’ibiza bikomoka mu gushyuha kw’ikirere birimo imvura nyinshi, ubutayu, inzara n’ibindi.

Muri 2009, mu nama yigaga ku ukwiyongera k’ubushyuhe ku Isi yabereye i Copenhague muri Danmark itsinda ry’abanyapolitiki n’intiti ryitwa le groupe Afrique ntiryahawe ijambo rigaragara muri biriya biganiro.

Gusa kuva icyo gihe abagize ririya tsinda bahisemo gukaza umurego mu kazi mu buvugizi, kandi ubu nama ya Paris ngo bafite ibyifuzo bibiri bikomeye bagomba gutanga nk’uko RFI ibivuga:

Ikifuzo cya mbere ni ukwereka amahanga ko Africa ifite ubushake bwo gukorana n’amahanga mu gushakira umuti urambye ukwiyongera k’ubushyuhe mu kirere cyane cyane ko ari umugabane ufite ingufu zitangiza ikirere bita renewable energies mu Cyongereza.

Icya kabiri ni uko Abanyafurika badashaka gusinya amasezerano y’inguzanyo zo kuyifasha guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

Abahanga bari mu Bufaransa bagize le groupe Afrique bemeza ko amahanga atagomba gufata inkunga zo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ngo azihinduremo umwenda uzishyurwa na Africa.

Kuri bo ngo ibi byaba ari ukwica Abanyafurika inshuro ebyiri bityo ngo Africa ntikwiriye gusinya amasezerano ayo ariyo yose ayigusha mu gihombo itikururiye.

Mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize, Hon Fred Kidega Perezida w’Inteko y’Abadepite y’Umuryango wa Africa y’Iburasirazuba, ubwo EALA yatangira imirimo yayo i Kigali, yavuze ko mu matego abiri bazigaho muri iyi minsi rimwe ari irirebana n’amashyamba irindi rikaba rirebana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Yagize ati “Aya mategeko ni ingenzi mbere y’inama y’i Paris, kandi nabamenyesha ko EALA izaba ihagarariwe muri iyi nama mu rwego rwo gushyira imbere inyungu z’akarere”

Hon Patricie Hajabakiga kuri iyi nama y’i Paris ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe Africa noneho yiteguye kuburyo nta guhuzagurika kuzabaho mu kuvuga.

Yagize ati “Ubu Africa yagiye hamwe, izaba ifite ubuvugizi bumwe, ndetse bazatanga ibintu bumvikanyeho ku buryo noneho hatazavuga umwe umwe, buri wese azaba avugirwa n’ubuyobozi bumwe bwa African Union, babishyize mu nshingano zabo.”

Ingaruka zo gushyuha kw’ikirere kuri Africa:
Kuyonga k’urubura ruri ku musozi wa Kilimandjalo muri Tanzania, gupfa k’utunyabuzima tuba mu nyanja zituranye n’Africa dushinzwe gusukura amazi no kugaburira amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima bizibamo(inyanja).

Ibyago byose bituruka mu ugushyuha kw’ikirere bihuriza ku kintu kimwe: ‘kutihaza mu biribwa’
Abashakashatsi bemeza ko ubuhinzi bwo muri Africa bushingiye k’ukuboneka cyangwa ukubura kw’imvura ku gipimo cya 95%.

Kubera gushyuha kw’ikirere, ibihe by’ihinga bigenda bihindagurika cyane k’uburyo umusaruro ugenda uhindagurika bikagira uruhare mu ukugabanuka mu kwihaza mu biribwa no gusagurira amasoko.

Usanga hamwe hari ubutayu, ahandi hari imyuzure ibi bigaherekkezwa n’indwara zitandukanye.

Igihangayikishije abashakashatsi ni uko ubu ikibaya cy’umugezi wa Nil cyari gisanzwe kizwiho kwera umuceri cyane cyatangiye kuzura amazi menshi kubera ukuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja za Mediteranee n’inyanja Itukura zituranye na Misiri.

Mu 2012 Africa yari ifite impunzi miliyoni 8 zihunga izi ngaruka
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku mpunzi, UNHCR, riteganya ko muri 2030 isi izaba ifite ikibazo cy’impuzi zahunze ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

Mu myaka iri imbere kandi ngo guhinga ibigori bizaba ari ikibazo gukomereye za Leta nyinshi muri Africa no muri Asia.

Ibi ngo ni ikibazo kizatuma abakozi bangana na 65% babura akazi cyangwa se beze umusaruro muke utazabemerera kugurisha ku isoko.

Niba nta gihindutse, ngo mu myaka 60 iri imbere igiciro cy’ibiribwa kizazamukaho 70%.

Kubera kubura ibyo kurya bihagije, abantu bazava mu byaro bahunge bagana mu mijyi.

Muri 2012, Africa yari ifite impunzi zahunze ingaruka zo gushyuha kw’ikirere zingana na miliyoni umunani.
Gusa ngo nubwo hari ibi bibazo, bishobora gukemuka haramutse habonetse miliyari 15$ ku mwaka zo gushora muri za Politiki zo kurengera ibidukikije.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW