U Rwanda rumaze KWIBOHORA iki? Mu Uburezi

Mu myaka 20 ishize u Rwanda ruvuye mu icuraburindi rya Jenoside, aya mateka mabi yatwaye abantu anangiza byose mu gihugu. Inzego z’ubuzima, ubukungu, imibereho y’abaturage, ubucuruzi n’inganda, imikino, imyidagaduro, uburezi, ubutabera, ububanyi n’amahanga byose byari bimeze nko gutangira bushya. 

Tariki ya 04 Nyakanga 2014 u Rwanda rurizihiza imyaka 20 ishize u Rwanda rwibohoye, nyuma y’intambara yo kwibohora u Rwanda ruri ku ntambara yo kwibohora ibindi bibazo,  ikipe y’abanyamakuru b’Umuseke bateguye inkuru zigaragaza muri rusange intambwe u Rwanda rumaze gutera muri urwo rugamba rundi.

Ikipe y’Umuseke kandi yateguye  ibibazo 20 u Rwanda rugihanganye nabyo kuva uyu munsi.

Mu Uburezi:

* Ururimi rushya rwinjiye mu zikoreshwa mu burezi. Icyongereza ururimi mpuzamahanga rwiyongereye ku gifaransa mu ndimi zikoreshwa mu burezi bw’u Rwanda, nubwo hari imbogamizi ikomeye ku kwinjira kw’icyongereza mu burezi, nyuma y’imyaka 20 umusaruro wabyo ni mwiza kuko uru rurimi rukoreshwa cyane mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.

* Kugeza mu 2012 imibare ibyumba by’amashuri yisumbuye byari 13 490 n’intebe abana bicaraho 269 394. Mu 1996 hari ibyumba by’amashuri yisumbuye 5 895. Mu 2012 abarimu mu mashuri yisumbuye bari 18.319. Mu 2013 hafi 48% by’ibigo by’amashuri yisumbuye byari bifite amazi meza.

* Amashuri y’incuke muri rusange mu 1996 yabarirwaga muri 400 mu gihugu, imibare yo mu 2012 ivuga ko amashuri yose hamwe y’abana b’incuke mu Rwanda ari 1 870. Raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye wita ku bana, UNICEF, yo muri 2011 ivuga ko 12% by’abana b’u Rwanda bari  hagati  y’imyaka itatu n’itandatu bajya mu mashuri y’incuke. Mu 2012 abana 130.403 bigaga amashuri y’incuke.

* Mu Rwanda mbere ya Jenoside na nyuma yayo gato hari Kaminuza zitageze kuri eshanu, mu gihe gitambutse kugeza ubu habarwa Kaminuza zigera kuri 20, zigamo abanyeshuri 76. 629 (mu 2012), mu 2008 bari abanyeshuri 47.406, 2009 bari 55. 213, 2010 bari 62.734, muri 2011 bari 73.674. Leta yashyizeho politiki nshya yo guhuriza hamwe Kaminuza zayo zose mu rwego rwo kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi.

* Imibare y’abana bagana ishuri yarazamutse cyane, Ministeri y’Uburezi ivuga ko mu 2007 abana 2.150.430 bari mu mashuri abanza, mu 2011 bari bageze kuri 2. 341. 146. Mu 2012 kandi abanyeshuri bigagamu mashuri yisumbuye bari 534 714. Mu mashuri yigisha imyuga mu 2013 hari abanyeshuri 21 480. Imibare yose iruta zirenze ebyiri iyo mu 1996.

* Mu mwaka wa 2012-2013 Leta yarihiye abanyeshuri 1 091 amashuri muri Kaminuza 41 zo mu mahanga. 664 bigaga icyiciro cya kabiri( Bacholors’ Degree) mu mahanga, 337 bigaga icyiciro cya Masters na 90 bashakaga impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga(PhD).

* Nyuma ya Jenoside u Rwanda rwari rwugarijwe n’ikibazo cy’umubarere munini w’abantu bakuru batazi gusoma no kwandika. Mu mwaka wa 2012 abigishijwe bagera ku 5 017. Gahunda yose kuva yatangira ibarirwa abagera ku banyarwanda 250 000 bakuru bigishijwe gusoma no kwandika.

* Kuva yatangira mu 2008 gahunda ya mudasobwa ku mwana (One Laptop per child) imaze kugera ku bana 207 026 mu mashuri abanza 407. u Rwanda nicyo gihugu cya mbere muri Africa cyihuta cyane muri iyi gahunda.

 

* Abana bafite ubumuga bakundaga guhezwa mu rugo ntibagere ku burezi. Mu 2011 Abana bafite n’ubumuga BWIHARIYE 27 353 bari mu mashuri, hahawe imbaraga amashuri ya Gahini na Gatagara abitaho by’umwihariko. Mu 2012 muri Kaminuza zose mu Rwanda habarirwaga abanyeshuri 246 bafite ubumuga butandukanye.

* Nta gihe umushahara wa Mwalimu utabaye iyanga. Mu myaka 20 ishize Leta yagaragaje ubushake mu guhindura imibereho ya mwalimu, hashyizweho Ikigega cyo kwizigamira n’inguzanyo kuri mwalimu cyiswe UMWALIMU-SACCO gihabwa arenga miliyari ebyiri buri mwaka. Abarimu hafi 30 000 bahawe inguzanyo mu barimu 44 000 bari muri iki kigega.

* Nyuma ya Jenoside isomero rikomeye ryari irya Kaminuza nkuru y’u Rwanda. Andi masomero yari mu bigo by’abihayimana cyangwa ibigo y’ubushakashatsi. Ibitabo byariyongereye mu myaka 20 ishize, mu 2012 mu Rwanda hari ibitabo 302. 910 by’imibare mu cyiciro rusange cy’amashuri yisumbuye, ibitabo 214.426 by’ibinyabuzima, ibitabo 53. 584 by’Ikoranabuhanga n’ibitabo 56.468 by’Ikinyarwanda. Hari kandi ibyumba 227 by’ubushakashatsi mu by’ubuhanga mu mashuri yisumbuye. Hubatswe isomero ry’igihugu ndetse  ibigo by’amashuri byinshi mu gihugu bigerwaho na za mudasobwa nyinshi na Internet.

* Kugeza mu 2012 abarimu 3 081 bigishaga muri Kaminuza zigenda n’iza Leta mu Rwanda, abafite kugeza ku rwego rwa Professorship bari 30.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
ububiko.umusekehost.com