Turebe mu gitabo ‘Ubutwari, kwibohora ingaruka z’ibihe by‘amage mu Rwanda 1894-1994’
Muri iki cyumweru turi gusoza Abanyarwanda bizihije isabukuru y’imyaka 23 ishize u Rwanda rwibohoye. Umwanditsi w’ibitabo Nshutiyimana Abraham Braddock le sage (RWAGASANI) yamuritse igitabo yise “Ubutwari, kwibohora ingaruka z’ibihe by’amage mu Rwanda, 1894-1994” kigaruka ku mateka y’u Rwanda n’amage yagiye arutsikamira ariko hakabaho intwari zagiye zemera kugira ibyo zihara kugira ngo igihugu gisugire.
Uyu mwanditsi yerekana ko kuva mu mwaka wa 1894 ku Ngoma y’Umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugili hagiye habaho ibikorwa byo kumaranira ingoma.
Avuga ko igikorwa cyamenyekanye ari intambara yo ku Rucunshu yanatumye Abadage binjira mu buyobozi bw’u Rwanda mu 1899.
Abadage ariko ntibagumye ku butegetsi bwo mu Rwanda kuko ku wa 06 Gicurasi 1916 baje kwirukanwa n‘Ababiligi bari muri Congo-Mbiligi.
Abo Babiligi ni bo batangije inyigisho z’icengezamatwara z’ubwoko, bagendeye ku nkomoka y’abantu, imiterere y’umubiri, bimika Tutsi-Hutu-Twa muri bene Kanyarwanda.
Uyu mwanditsi wanditse kuri aya mateka,agaruka ku isano Abanyarwanda bafitanye, akavuga ko iyo baza gushishoza ntawari guha agaciro amoko ngo ayarutishe isano ry’inkomoko bari bahuriyeho kuko ibyo bashingiyeho babatanya bitari bifite agaciro.
Muri iki gitabo kigaruka ku miyoborere y‘u Rwanda nyuma yo guhabwa ubwigenge mu 1962, umwanditsi avuga ko igihugu cyayobowe n’ibitekerezo bya gikoroni.
Avuga ko abategetsi b’icyo gihe bakoresheje iturufu y’ubwoko bwari bumaze gucengezwa mu banyarwanda, bimakaza imiyoborere yimira umuco mubi w’ivangura watumye ubwoko bw‘Abatutsi butotezwa, ndetse bamwe mu bakomoka muri ubu bwoko barahunga baza no guhezwa ishyanga.
Agaruka ku bihe bidasanzwe byagiye bikorwamo ibikorwa byahungabanyije ubuzima bw’Abatutsi nko mu 1959, mu 1973 bikaza kuba agahebuzo mu 1994 ubwo hakorwaga Jenoside yasize abatutsi basaga miliyoni imwe bazize uko baremwe.
Ngo izi ntambara zose zaberaga mu gihugu zatumye Abatutsi bari barahungiye muri Uganda bakomeza gushaka icyatuma ibi bikorwa bihagarara.
Mu mwaka wa 1979 hashinzwe umuryango RANU (Rwanda Alliance for National Unity) waje kuvamo Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi mu nama rusange yabaye hagati ya 25-29 Ukuboza1987.
Umwanditsi yasobanuye ibyerekeye ishyirwaho ry’umutwe w’ingabo za RPA (Rwanda Patriotic Army), wagombaga kurwana igihe bibaye ngombwa, ariko Abanyarwanda bakabohorwa ku ngoyi y’imiyoborere mibi.
Yerekanye kandi ibice byagize urugamba rwo kwibohora kuva mu 1990 kugeza mu 1994. Umwanditsi yasobanuye ubutwari bukomeye Ingabo z’inkotanyi zagize zigakemura ibibazo by’amacakubiri yari yaracengezwa mu banyarwanda.
Muri iki gitabo, umwanditsi avuga ko urugamba rwo kwibohora rutari rugamije gutsinda intambara y‘amasasu gusa, ahubwo ko harimo no kuzahura ubukundu, imibereho no kwimakaza ubutabera mu Rwanda.
Avuga ko urugamba rw’amasusu rwarangiye ariko Inkotanyi zakomeje kurwana urugamba rwari rukurikiyeho rwo kubaka igihugu no gusana imitima y’abari bagizweho ingaruka na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Ngo abatuye u Rwanda rwa none bafite amahirwe kuruta ayo Inkotanyi zarubohoye zari zifite icyo gihe. Ati “Ubu dufite igihugu, ubuyobozi bwiza, amashuri, amavuriro, umutungo w’igihugu n’ibindi, ntidukwiye gusubira inyuma, ahubwo dukomeze kurwana urwo rugamba rwo gukomeza kujya imbere.“
Umwanditsi avuga ko u Rwanda ari igihugu cyacunguwe n’amaraso y’intwari nyinshi bityo ko abarutuye bakwiye gukora cyane kugira ngo basigasire ibyagezweho.
Madamme Mutesi Gasana umuyobozi wa ARISE BOOKSHOP ahamurikiwe iki gitabo yavuzeko iki gitabo kiswe “Ubutwari, kwibohora ingaruka z’ibihe by‘amage mu Rwanda, 1894-1994 gifite umwihariko kuko kibumbatiye amateka menshi akwiye kwigishwa urubyiruko.
Ati “Kirimo amateka ahagije y’u Rwanda kandi kirahuza abantu ba kera n’abantu bariho muri iki gihe.“
Umwanditsi Nshutiyimana Abraham Braddock Le sage (RWAGASANI), yavutse mu 1986, ari mu buyobozi bw‘inzego z’urubyiruko mu Karere ka Gasabo, ni n’umusizi.
Daddy SADIKI RUBANGURA
UM– USEKE.RW
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25 Comments
Mwirinde kuba nkaba kantano muracyari bato ntimugashyigikire ibintu mutazahagararaho nyumwa yimyaka 50. Kuko twese tuzuko bigenda iwacu.
Jye nkurikije ibisobanuro bike bitanzwe kuri iki gitabo,ndibaza niba ari icy’amateka, cyangwa niba ari icy’icengezamatwara. Ndabivugira ko ubona igitabo ari imvange y’ibyabaye n’ibyiyumviro bwite bya politiki by’umwanditsi. Kubivangavanga bitera urujijo. Abandika ku mateka y’u Rwanda uyu munsi, ubabwiye ngo bicare hamwe bose bayumvikaneho basohore igitabo kimwe, bafatana mu mashati. Abanyapolitiki nabo, ubabwiye uti mwese nimwicarane muganire ku mateka igihugu cyanyuzemo,mukuremo amasomo mwumvikanaho yafasha kuvana igihugu mu ntambara n’imivu y’amaraso bya hato na hato, nabo bafatana mu shingo rugikubita. Inzira iracyari ndende cyane. Uyu mwanditsi ubu arahamya ko kwibona mu moko byarangiye, kandi Ndayisaba yirirwa yigisha ngo abantu nibabiveho? Ubu se nta nzego za Leta azi neza ko zirangwamo ubwironde bukabije? Ubu se kuva muri 1959 turakivuruguta muri ayo moko kubera ko twakolonijwe n’ababiligi? Kuki abanyamerika bagaruka bakadukora ibisa n’ibyo abo babiligi badukoze tukabyemera?
Soma neza umwanditsi ntavuga ko kwibona mu moko byarangiye ahubwo arerekana ko bidakwiye kuko ibyo birangamoko atari byo …bikaba ari ubujiji
Umwanditsi ati “Ubu dufite igihugu, ubuyobozi bwiza, amashuri, amavuriro, umutungo w’igihugu n’ibindi”. Mbere abanyarwanda ntacyo bari bafite muri ibyo byose? Cyangwa nshobora kuba nibeshya ku banyarwanda avuga!
Uribeshya nyine
@kwiringira, Nta na hamwe Bihibindi yibeshye.Mu Rwanda hari amashuli yewe nuburezi bufite ireme ureke ariya mazu yavumbutse nkibihumyo umuntu agasohokamo afite dip atazi nokwandika ibaruwa isaba akazi.Ese bariya bake bari muri gvmnt ba Ntawukuriryayo,Murekezi,Mushikiwabo, Nyirahabimana bize he ntabwo bize mu Rwanda mbere yo gukomereza hanze? None ubu abana ba banyakubahwa nibiburamwaka basigaye babitangirira mu mahanga kubera kutizera ubwo burezi murata ubu.
Njyewe uyu mwana ndamushimira cyane kuko atangiye kwandika akiri muto, big up bro. Reka twere kuvuga byinshi tutaragisoma ngo twumve capacity ye. Ubundi iyo unenze igitabo wandika ikikivuguruza please,kwicara ukaba pessimiste gusa ni ubugwari.Kandi umwanditsi w’umuhanga yirinda ibintu byo gusingiza cyane, try to be impartial.Nukenera gusingiza uzakore imivugo n’ibisigo ubiture abo usingiza. Kwandika ni impano nziza igirwa na bake ku isi, komereza aho ntihazagire uguca intege.
Muri make amateka yu Rwanda ahera muri 1994 nintore izirusha intambwe.Naragenze ndabona kbs
Rwose uyu mwanditsi mwimutera ibuye.Mwebwe koko ntimubona igihe yavukiye.Amateka menshi yandika ni ayo yabwiwe andi ni ayo yize ejobundi.Uburyo bwiza bwo kumuvuguruza cg kumwuzuza ni ukwicara tukandika natwe igitabo.Naho rwose aya mateka yanditse arangana neza n’imyaka afite.
Kare kose se iyo mwandika aho gutyaza imipanga no kubaza amahiri ugira ngo uyu mwana aba yandika amateka magufi nk’uko mubivuga?
Icyo gihe hari nabandi bari barimo guhunika kalacnikov.
@Robwa, ninde wakubwiye ko kwandika bibuza ba gashozantambara kuzishoza? Aho wari uzi ko hari n’inyandiko zica kurusha imipanga n’amahiri n’udufuni na Kalachnikov? Mein Kampf ya Hitler se si igitabo? Ibinyamakuru bya za Kangura se harya ntibyabaga byanditse?
Ese ninde watangije urugamba rwo kwibohora cover page yakabaye iriho RWigyema Fred instead of His Excellence Paul Kagame. Gusa ndemeranya nabavuga ko uyu musore yanditse amateka angana n’imyaka ye amateka y’u Rwanda se ahera muri 1994 gusa. Kumuvuguruza ni ugushaka abandi bantu babahanga bakandika amateka avuguruye kdi ashunguye kuko u Rwanda rufite izindi ntwari zarukuye mumenyo ya Rubamba nka Rudahigwa, Musinga na Ruganzu.
Mbonumutwa na Kayibanda na Gitera Yozefu
Ubu bwanditsi burimo ubuhanga niba n’abandi bantu bajyaga bandika ibitabo bivuga ku mateka yaranze igihugu cyacu, tukamenya byinshi
Ejobundi nasomye inkuru ivuga ibyo abayobozi bacu bagenerwa mubyerekeye imishahara.Ntaho nabonye ibigenerwa ababaye abakuru bigihugu kandi tumaze kugira abarenga 5.Aho ntabwo nabyo biri mubigomba kwigwa vuba na bwangu?
Ntabwo navuga byinshi, ariko umwanditsi arashimagiza umuntu umwe gusa kandi yakabaye avuga abandi benshi bagize ubutwari bafatanyije, For my views ibi ni ukwisabira umugati gusa, naho contents rwose irakemangwa. Anyway thanks.
None se yamuritse igitabo kivuga ku mateka y’igihugu nta n’umuyobozi n’umwe uhari? Ntabwo yabonye uko Bamporiki yabigenje?
@Kalisa igitabo cye nticyamuritswe yakiganirije abandi kugira ngo bakomeze gutanga ibitekerezo….nari mpari kandi ni igitabo cyiza rwose
Kumurika no kugaragaza wowe ubitandukanya ute ? Kuvuga gusa tuuu ! Bene aba nibo usanga bateza confusion muri generations ugasanga abana bakuze badsashobora kumenya amateka y’igihugu cyabo y’ukuri, kuko abasigasira inda zabo bavanze imyanda yabo mu mateka agororotse yanditswe n’abahanga. UBu se inyigaguhuma zose zizajya zibyuka nizumva mu gifu hahubangana ziterure ikaramu ngo zigiye kwandika amateka y’igihugu ! Ese ko nta bindi bajya bandikaho, ko nta wari wandika ibitabo bya science….?
@Gakoni ko utukana wowe wagize icyo ukora tukagushima uyu mwanditsi yakoze akazi ke namwe mureke gusakuza mutarasoma n’igitabo cye…kandi mumusubirishe ibikorwa apana amagambo…handika abahanga ntihandika Abashonji..
@Kalisa igitabo cye nticyamuritswe yakiganirije abandi kugira ngo bakomeze gutanga ibitekerezo….nari mpari kandi ni igitabo cyiza rwose
Uyu mwana muramurenganya nta wutanga icyo adafite.uyu yarakwiye kwandika za Tintin au Congo cg Kouakou.
Ngo kuva muri 1894 kugeza muri 1994 u Rwanda rwari mu bihe by’amage! Ibyo jye nabyita gukina n’amagambo. None se ko nko muri 1996-1998 rwari mu ntambara y’abacengezi, ibyo bihe by’amage byari byararangiye? Ubu se ko dukora icyunamo ngarukamwaka kuva muri 1994 kugeza ubu, ibyo bihe by’amage twabivuyemo nta gushidikanya?
Mwarimu,
Ese ubwo ntubona ko intambara z’abacengezi ari zimwe mungaruka z’amage umwanditsi ashaka ko dukomeza kwibohora nyuma ya 1994. Izo ntambara kandi zararangiye ubu Abanyarwanda turimo kwibohora imyumvire mibi ituruka muri kiriya gihe umwanditsi yahisemo (1894-1994)ahubwo ni byiza ko yihaye igihe (periodically limited) ….naho nawe ubishatse wazandika kuva 1996-1998 mugafatanyiriza hamwe
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