Mars ikomeje gutanga icyizere cyo kuba iriho ubuzima

Icyogajuru cyitwa Curiosity cyakozwe n’ikigo cy’Abanyamerika (NASA) cyasohoye ibisubizo kimaze iminsi gisesengura ko bikoze umubumbe wa Mars (uyu ni uwa kane uturutse ku Izuba) mu rwego rwo gufasha abantu kumenya amateka y’ubutaka, ikirere n’umwuka byawuranze bityo barebe niba ushobora guturwa.

Curiosity  yafashe ibitare (rocks) bigize uriya mubumbe irabisya hanyuma ibibigize irabisesengura isanga habamo umwuka witwa Oxyde de Manganese, ibi bikaba bitanga icyizere ko wigeze kubaho umwuka wa Oxygene ari na wo ibinyabuzima byinshi bikenera ngo bibeho.

Abahanga bavuga ko imwe mu mpamvu zatumye Oxygene (Umwuka muzima abantu bahumeka) igabanuka cyane kuri Mars ari imirasi y’Izuba irimo ubumara yayirasheho bigatuma ubutaka bwayo bwangirika n’ikirere kirimo uriya mwuka bikagenda bityo.

Ibyavuye mu bisubizo bya Curiosity kandi byerekana ko kuri uriya mubumbe bita ko ‘utukura’, byerekana ko mu kirere  cyawo hahozemo ububobere bw’amazi bityo ubuzima bukaba bwari buhari.

Ubwo kiriya cyogajuru cyasuzumaga ibitare byo kuri Mars cyasanze harimo ubutare bwa Manganese bwivanze n’umwuaka wa Oxygene kandi ibi ngo ni byo byaranze n’ubutaka bw’Isi mu myaka ibarirwa muri za miliyoni ishize.

Dr Nina Lanza wo mu kigo Los Alamos National Laboratory muri New Mexico avuga ko basanzwe bazi ko gukora Manganese muri za Laboratwari ari ukuvanga umwuka duhumeka na Microbes.

Kuba mu butaka bwa Mars barasanzemo Oxyde de Manganese, ngo  ni ikimenyetso gifatika cyerekana ko amateka yawo yaranzwe n’umwuka wa Oxygene n’amazi.

Nubwo bimeze gutyo ariko, abahanga bagira amakenga ‘bakirinda kwemeza’ ko hariyo ubuzima ahubwo bakemeza  ‘ko hashobora kuba’ harigeze kubayo ubuzima bashingiye ku bimenyetso bito bagenda bavumbura.

Mu kinyamakuru Geophysical Review Letters abahanga bavuga ko ubushakashatsi bwabo babukoreye ku gasongero k’ikirunga bita Gale ariko ko ibyavumbuwe bishobora no kuboneka ahandi.

Mu mwaka wa 2004 nibwo ibyogajuru bya Curiosity na Opportunity byoherejwe kuri Mars kuyiga ngo abahanga bamenye niba yaturwa cyangwa abantu bakurayo amaso. Kugeza ubu ubushakashatsi ngo buratanga icyizere.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW