Kuri Manda ya II P.Kagame yageze ku ntego ze zo kwimakaza UBUTABERA?

Muri Manda ya kabiri, Perezida Paul Kagame hari ibyo yemereye Abanyarwanda ko azabagezaho mu myaka irindwi, bikubiye mu cyiswe “Gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi”.

Mu gihe habura amezi macye ngo manda ya kabiri irangire, UM– USEKE ukomeje kubagezaho inkuru zigaragaza ibyagezweho n’ibitaragezweho mubyo yemereye abaturage, dushingiye ku bipimo bihari.

Inkuru iheruka yagarutse ku kuri Porogaramu y’ITERAMBERE RY’IMIRYANGO ITARI IYA LETA n’iy’ITANGAZAMAKURU zo mu ‘Inkingi ya mbere y’Imiyoborere myiza’.

Uyu munsi turareba kuri Porogaramu ya mbere y’UBUTABERA Muri Rusange, mu Inkingi ya kabiri y’UBUTABERA iri muri enye zigize gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi.

Muri iyi nkingi, Guverinoma yiyemeza kubaka ubushobozi bw’inzego z’ubutabera, kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane ndetse no kwegereza Serivise z’ubutabera abaturage.

By’umwihariko muri Porogaramu ya mbere y’UBUTABERA MURI RUSANGE, Guverinoma yiyemeza kwimakaza no gushimangira ubutabera bwegereye abaturage, bafitemo uruhare, bubunga, bubarengera kandi buca umuco wo kudahana.

Ingingo ya mbere kuri iyi Porogaramu; Ivuga ko Guverinoma izakomeza kongerera ingufu n’ubushobozi Inzego z’Ubutabera zose zikagera mu Turere twose kugira ngo zirusheho gukorera neza abaturage hifashishijwe cyane cyane Inzu z’Ubutabera (MAJ-Access to Justice Bureau, Maison d’Accès à la Justice); ku buryo ibirego bishyikirizwa Inkiko bigabanukaho nibura 20% buri mwaka.

Urebye muri Raporo y’urwego rw’ubutabera, kuva muri Nyakanga 2010 kugeza muri Kamena 2011 haciwe imanza 35 309 ku manza 44 905 z’ibirarane zari zihari, mu mwaka wakurikiyeho wa 2011-2012 umabare w’imanza zasubitswe wariyongereye ugera kuri 58 056.

Mu mwaka w’Ubucamanza wa 2015-2016 haciwe imanza 60 494, impuzandengo ikagaragaza ko Umucamanza umwe yaciye imanza 23 buri kwezi mu gihe hari hihawe intego ko umucamanza azajya aca imanza 20 ku kwezi. Imanza zari zisigaye mu nkiko zitaraburanishwa zari 17 230.

Inzu z’ubutabera 30 zashyizweho muri buri karere zifite abakozi 90, mu mwaka w’Ubucamanza wa 2015-2016 zakiriye ibirego 17 869 byasabaga ubufasha mu by’amategeko.

Ibirego 16 300 bingana na 91 % muri ibi byakiriwe n’izi nzu byari ibyaha mbonezamubano naho ibindi 1 569 (9%) byari ibyaha nshinjabyaha.

MAJ kandi zakiriye ibirego 696 by’ibyaha by’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina birimo 78.9% byakorewe abagore/abakobwa na 21.1 % byakorewe abagabo, ibingana na 94.4% byarakurikiranywe birakemurwa.

Kuri iyi ngingo yo kugabanya umubare w’imanza zishyikirizwa Inkiko, mu mwaka wa 2015-2016 Abunzi bakemuye ibirego 47 966 birimo 35 953 bingana na 63.5% byari ibyaha mbonezamubano mu gihe 17 505 (36.5%) byari ibyaha nshinjabyaha.

Ibirego 44 679 bingana na 93% byakemukiye muri uru rwego rw’abunzi hatitabajwe izindi nzego.

Ingingo ya kabiri; Igaruka ku kunoza imikorere y’Abahesha b’Inkiko bashinzwe kurangiza imanza ku buryo imanza zose zaciwe mu rwego rwa gatatu mu Nkiko Gacaca zirangizwa. Irangiza ry’izindi manza zaciwe n’inkiko zisanzwe naryo rizihutishwa uhereye igihe umuntu yatsindiye urubanza burundu.

Inkiko Gacaca zasoje imirimo yazo ku mugaragaro ku itariki ya 18 Kamena 2012, zari zimaze kuburanisha imanza 1 958 634.

Mu mwaka ushize wa 2016, icyumweru cyahariwe kurangiza imanza n’ibibazo byasizwe n’inkiko Gacaca cyasize hakemuwe ibibazo 1 641, hanatangwa indishyi za miliyoni 54 zari zitaratangwa. Gusa, kugeza n’ubu ibibazo byo kurangiza imanza za Gacaca biracyahari.

Urugaga rw’Abahesha b’Inkiko b’umwuga rugaragaza ko rumaze kugira abahesha b’inkiko basaga 400 kandi bose b’abanyamategeko, abatari ab’umwuga bakaba 2 627.

Ingingo ya gatatu; Igaruka ku gukomeza gushyira ingufu mu kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana n’abagore n’irikorerwa mu ngo, ku buryo umuco wo guhishira icyo cyaha ucika burundu mu Rwanda;

Muri rusange, hari intambwe yatewe mu kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana n’abagore kubera ahanini amategeko yashyizweho n’ubukangurambaga bwakozwe, abaturage bakangurirwa uburenganzira bwabo no gutanga amakuru ku gihe ajyanye n’ihohoterwa.

Inzego nka Polisi n’zindi zishinzwe umutekano zikurikirana byihuse ibibazo by’ihohoterwa, kandi uhamwe n’icyaha ubutabera bukamuhana bigaragara.

Muri 2012 Polisi yakiriwe ibirego 1 682 byo gusambanya abana, muri 2013 bigabanukaho gato biba 1 445.

Muri 2009, hatangijwe ikigo Isange One Stop Center gishinzwe gukurikirana ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’abana n’irindi ryose rikorerwa mu ngo.

Muri 2012, iki kigo gifite ishami mu bitaro byose by’uturere cyahesheje u Rwanda igihembo kitwa ‘United Nations Public Award’ gitangwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumye cyo kuba u Rwanda rwarateye intambwe ishimishije mu kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina.

Kugera mu mwaka wa 2015, imibare ya Polisi y’igihugu yagaragaza ko ibyaha by’ihohoterwa no guta ku ngufu bigenda bigabanuka.

Imibare ya Polisi igaragaza ko mu 2012 ibyaha by’ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina (defilement)  bakiriye byari 1 682, mu 2013 biragabanuka biba 1 445, mu mwaka wa 2014 biba 1433, naho kugeza mu Ugushyingo 2015 Polisi ikaba yari imaze kwakira ibirego 750 gusa.

Ku rundi ruhande, muri iriya myaka imibare yagaragazaga ko ibyaha byo gufata ku ngufu byo byari byazamutse kuko byavuye kuri 244 mu 2012, bigera kuri 281 mu 2013, mu 2014 bigera kuri 284, mu gihe kugera mu Ugushyingo 2015 Polisi ikaba yari imaze kwakira ibirego 147 byo gufata ku ngufu.

Imibare ya Polisi kandi igaragaza ko ibyaha byo gukubita nabyo byagiye bigabanuka, kuko nko mu Ugushyingo 2015 Polisi yari imaze gukurikirana ibyaha 320, mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2014 bari bakurikiranye ibyaha 541.

Polisi kandi yagaragazaga ko abagore 37 bishwe n’abagabo babo mu 2014, mu gihe mu Ugushyingo 2015 abagore bari bamaze kwicwa n’abagabo babo bari 22.

Ingingo ya kane; Igaruka ku kuvanaho impamvu zose zituma abana bafunze bamara iminsi muri Gereza bataraburana hakoreshwa uburyo bwo kubaha ubufasha mu by’amategeko;

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’abana bamara igihe kinini muri gereza bataraburanishwa, Minisiteri y’ubutabera yashyizeho gahunda yo kunganira mu by’amategeko aba bana.

Mu mwaka w’Ubucamanza wa 2015-2016, Minisiteri y’Ubutabera yunganiye mu by’amategeko abana 1 232.

Inama y’Abaminisitiri yo mu Ukuboza 2016, Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda yahaye imbabazi 62 barimo abakobwa n’abagore bahaniwe icyaha cyo gukuramo inda n’abana bari barakatiwe  bari munsi y’imyaka 16 ariko imanza zabo zikaba zari zarabaye itegeko.

Ingingo ya gatanu; Igaruka ku gukomeza gushyira ingufu mu gukurikirana mu Nkiko abantu bose banyereza umutungo wa Leta, abatera Leta igihombo, abayishora mu manza bitari ngombwa, kandi amafaranga yose ya Leta akagaruzwa;

Mu mwaka wa 2015-2016, Ubushinjacyaha bwakiriye Dosiye y’abamunze umutungo w’igihugu 535 yaregwamo abantu 867, bashinjwaga kurigisa amafaranga cyangwa imitungo bifite agaciro k’amafaranga y’u Rwanda 11 518 355 249.

Ubushinjacyaha bwaburanye Amadosiye 327 yakurikiranwagamo abantu 503, inkiko zihamya ibyaha abantu 398 banyereje cyangwa bakangiza amafaranga n’imitungo bya Leta by’agaciro k’amafaranga 4 141 076 956, banacibwa ihazabu y’amafaranga 3 262 214 482.

Raporo y’ibyagezweho na MINIJUST mu mwaka wa 2015-2016, igaragaza ko Leta yagaruje amafaranga y’u Rwanda 351 094 000, n’amadolari ya America 6 743 yari yaranyerejwe, mu gihe ayo Leta yatsindiye yari ataragaruzwa yari amafaranga y’u Rwanda 1 603 016 815 n’amadolari ya America 29 904.

Ingingo ya Gatandatu; Igaruka ku kunoza uburyo imirimo nsimburagifungo ikorwamo ikabyazwa umusaruro n’abayirangije bagasubizwa mu buzima busanzwe no gukomeza kubashishikariza kwiyunga n’abo bahemukiye;

Iyi gahunda yarakozwe dore ko n’abakiri mu bihano nsimburagifungo batakiri benshi, kandi ahenshi ababirangije bagataha usanga babanye neza n’abaturage, dore ko ari abantu bireze bakemera icyaha bakoze.

Muri iyi mirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro, hanakorerwa gahunda yo gushishikariza abahemutse kuziyunga n’abo bahemukiye kugira ngo bazasubire mu miryango baranagorowe.

Ingingo ya karindwi; Igaruka ku kugena uburyo amategeko yateganya igihano nsimburagifungo ku byaha bisanzwe; ku buryo Gereza zitarenza ubushobozi bwazo mu byerekeranye n’umubare w’abantu bafunzwe;

Iyi ntambwe btiragerwaho, gusa Komisiyo y’igihugu yo kuvugurura amategeko itangaza ko itegeko rihana ry’u Rwanda riri kuvugururwa ku buryo umubare w’abahanishwaga igihano cy’igifungo ugabanuka ahubwo hakiyongeramo igihano cy’imirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro no gutanga ihazabu.

Iyi Komisiyo ivuga ko abazajya bahanishwa gukora imirimo nsimburagifungo bazajya bayikorera hafi y’imiryango yabo kugira ngo bakomeze kuyikurikirana.

Ingingo ya munani; Igaruka ku gukomeza kongererwa ubushobozi inzu yo gushyinguramo inyandiko n’ibimenyetso by’icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi byabonetse mu Nkiko Gacaca “Documentation Centre” kugira ngo hatezwe imbere ubushakashatsi no kumenyekanisha uruhare Inkiko Gacaca zagize mu guca imanza nyinshi za Jenoside no gufasha abanyarwanda kwihana, kumenya ukuri no kongera kubana mu mahoro;

Komisiyo y’igihugu yo kurwanya Jenoside ifatanyije n’Umuryango udaharanira inyungu Aegis Trust batangiye igikorwa cyo kubika inyandiko za Gacaca mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga zigashyirwa muri mudasobwa kugira ngo zizarambe.

Ingingo ya cyenda; Igaruka ku gukomeza gukurikirana abakoze Jenoside bahungiye mu bindi bihugu bagacirirwa imanza aho bari cyangwa bakoherezwa mu RWANDA; hagashyirwa ingufu mu gusinya amasezerano yo guhanahana abanyabyaha nibura 90% y’ibihugu bicumbikiye abahekuye u Rwanda bikabashyikiriza ubutabera;

Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda butangaza ko bwatanze impapuro 605 zo guta muri yombi abakekwaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bari mu bihugu 32 bitandukanye.

Kugeza ubu, ubutabera bw’u Rwanda bumaze kohererezwa abakekwaho icyaha cya Jenoside 18, barimo batatu boherejwe na ICTR, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zohereje bane na Uganda batatu, Canada yohereje babiri, Norway imaze kohereza batatu n’Ubuholandi, Denmark na RDC byohereje umwe umwe.

Batatu muri aba bamaze kwoherezwa baraburanishijwe ndetse bahamijwe ibyaha. Dr Leon Mugesera na Uwinkindi Jean bakatiwe gufungwa Burundu, naho Bandora Charles yakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 30. Bose bajuririye ibi bihano.

Ingingo ya cumi; Igaruka ku gukurikirana isozwa ry’imirimo ya ICTR, by’umwihariko mu guharanira ko abo ICTR itazashobora gucira imanza bakoherezwa mu Rwanda, hasabwa ko abo ICTR yakatiye barangiriza igihano cyabo mu Rwanda kandi inyandiko z’urwo rukiko zikabikwa mu Rwanda;

Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2015 Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda ruburanishaga abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwafunze imiryango rumaze kuburanisha abantu 93 barimo 61 bahamijwe ibyaha, 14 bagirwa abere n’abandi barajurira.

Uru rukiko rwagize zimwe mu manza rwohereza mu Rwanda, rwasize ishami ryarwo ryiswe ‘Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunal’ rizaburanisha Felicien Kabuga, Protais Mpiranya na Augustin Bizimana bagishakishwa.

Gusa, intego yo gusaba ko inyandiko z’urwo rukiko zibikwa mu Rwanda yo ntiyagezweho kuko rwarinze rufunga imiryango Leta y’u Rwanda ikibisaba kandi ikaba ikomeje kubisaba nubwo Umuryango w’Abibumbye warushyizeho utarabyemera.

Martin NIYONKURU
UM– USEKE.RW