Ibya NYIRARUMAGA umugore watangije ubusizi mu Rwanda

Amateka avuga uyu mugore mu buryo burambuye ni make. Padiri Alexis Kagame mu gitabo yise “Un Abregé de l’Ethno-Histoire du Rwanda” niwe wenyine wamwanditseho mu buryo bwafashije abandi banyamateka kumuvuga.

Padiri Bernardin Muzungu nawe mu gitabo yise “l’Historiographie Rwandaise de la Poetesse Nyirarumaga” yavuze ko amateka y’uyu musizikazi yayanditse ayakuye kwa Mgr Alexis Kagame mu gitabo tuvuze haruguru.

Inkomoko ya Nyirarumaga

Izina rye Nyirarumaga bigaragara ko riva ku rurimi rw’Igihima, uru rukaba ruvugwa muri Ankole yo mu Buganda.  Icyo risobanuye ariko ntikiramenyekana kugeza ubu.

Muzungu yanditse ko uwagira uburyo agakurikirana imizi y’iryo zina ashobora kumenya ibyerekeye umuryango we.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko, yemeza ko Nyirarumaga yari Umusingakazi wakomokaga mu Basinga bari batuye i Gihogwe ku ibanga ry’Iburasirazuba bw’Umusozi wa Jali. Ni nka hariya hejuru ya za Gatsata na Karuruma ubu.

Se na Nyina ngo bari Abasinga b’i Kiruri muri Nyaruguru, bakomoka ku musizi witwaga Nzabonariba. Abasizi b’i Kiruri ngo bahatujwe n’umwami Yuhi Mazimpaka nawe ari umusizi bitangaje.

Birumvikana rero ko Nyirarumaga akomoka mu muryango w’Abasinga bo mu ngabo z’Inyaruguru, uyu ukaba ari umutwe w’ingabo waremwe n’umwami Yuhi Gahima wimye ingoma ahagana muri 1444.

Nyirarumaga yaje gutorerwa kuba umwamikazi w’ingobaka wa Ruganzu Ndoli, ibi bikaba batari bushoboke iyo ataza kuba Umusingakazi kugira ngo asubirire undi mugabekazi witwaga Nyiraruganzu I nawe wari Umusingakazi.

Abanyamateka bavuga ko izina Abasinga narwo ari Igihima rikaba risonanura Abatsinzi.

Abasinga kandi nibo babaye aba mbere mu kurema igihugu gikomeye muri aka karere kacu ariko nyuma baza gusimburwa  n’Abanyiginya.

Padiri Muzungu muri cya gitabo cye ku ipaji ya 52 avuga ko Abasinga aribo bitwaga ‘abasangwabutaka’ kuko aribo bategekaga ubutaka bwaje kuba igihugu Abanyiginya bigaruriye bakakita u Rwanda.

Igisekuruza cya Nyirarumaga ngo ni iki gikurikira: Nyirarumaga wa Gahuriro ka Segacece, wa Mpogazi, wa Gashegu, ka Kayumbu, wa Gahuriro, ka Nyemazi, ya Rugenda, rwa Kimezamiryango, cya Jeni rya Rurenge umwami wa nyuma w’ingoma y’Abasinga.

Ubusizi bwa Nyirarumaga

Cya gitabo cya Alexis Kagame ku ipaji ya 100 na 101 kigira kiti: Uwo mugabekazi mushyashya yari afite ububasha bwo kugaragaza ubushobozi bwe budasanzwe, atagombye kwiyambaza ubuhangange bw’uwo yari abereye umugabekazi. Nyirarumaga niwe wahimbye imimerere y’ibisigo by’iyandikamateka akabitoza abasizi b’i bwami.

Imvugo y’ubusizi yabagaho na mbere ya Nyirarumaga, ibyo bisigo bye kera bakitwa Ibinyeto.

Ibyo bisigo byari bifite imikarago micye kandi bikanavuga amateka y’ingoma y’umwami umwe gusa. Ubwenge bwa Nyirarumaga bwatumye ahimba igisigo yise Impakanizi, gikubiyemo amateka y’ingoma z’abami benshi uko zikurikirana.

Icyo gisigo cyari gicuze k’uburyo imikarago ivuga amateka y’ingoma ya buri mwami atandukana n’ay’indi ngoma agatandukanywa n’umukarago witwa Impakanizi.

Ubwo buryo bushya bwo kwandika amateka ya buri ngoma y’umwami kandi atandukanyijwe nay’undi kubera iyo myandikire mishya, byatumye habaho ubushobozi bwo kwandika urutonde rw’amateka y’u Rwanda yose.

Kuva icyo gihe abasizi b’i Bwami bakurikiza urwo rugero rw’ibisigo by’Impakanizi.

Nyirarumaga yongeraho no gushinga inteko y’Abasizi b’i Bwami, bazakomeza uwo mwuga wo kwandika amateka y’igihugu no kuyigisha abana babo kugira ngo ubusizi bwe buzabe uruhererekane n’amateka y’igihugu ntazongere kwibagirana nk’uko byari byarabaye mu gihe cy’abami b’Umushumi.

Padiri Muzungu avuga ko ubwo Nyirarumaga yagirwaga umugabekazi w’ingoboka yari asanzwe ari umwe mu bakobwa b’i Bwami ku ngoma ya Ndahiro Cyamatare Se wa Ruganzu Ndoli.

Amaze kuba umugabekazi ubusizi bwe yabujyanye ibwami abutoza ab’aho, batangira kubika amateka y’u Rwanda binyuze mu kayabika mu busizi.

Kuva icyo gihe amateka y’u Rwanda ntiyongeye kwibagirana nk’uko byari bimeze mbere mu gihe cy’abami b’umushumi.

Umutware w’abasizi wa mbere wakurikije ubusizi bwa Nyirarumaga yitwaga Muguta akaba Umunyiginya.

Uwabaye uwa nyuma ku rutonde rw’abasizi b’ibwami yabaye Karera ka Bamenya wo mu Basinga b’Abenenyamurorwa.

Ibisigo bya Nyirarumaga bisigaye nubwo nabyo bituzuye ni:

UMUNSI AMEZA IMIRYANGO YOSE  na
AHO ISHOKEYE INSHOTSI YA GITARAMA.

Incamake y’ubuzima bwe i bwami

Ubusanzwe ibwami habaga hari abantu bo mu nzego zitandukanye bafite imirimo itandukanye.

Harimo icyiciro cy’abatware b’umwami, bamwe bakaba abatware b’ingabo, abandi bakaba abatware b’umukenke, abandi bakaba abatware b’ubutaka.

Habaga kandi icyiciro cy’imitwe y’intore ihora isimburana ibwami guhamiriza no kuryoshya ibitaramo.

Padiri Bernardin Muzungu mu gitabo cye yanditse ko hariho n’icyiciro cy’abagore bari bashinzwe gushagara umugabekazi no gukesha urugwiro mu ngoro y’umwami. Muribo habagamo abahimba ibisigo bakomoka mu miryango y’abasizi.

Muribo abamenyekanye cyane ni Nyirarumaga na Nyirankuge bombi bakaba Abasinga bo kwa Jeni rya Rurenge.

Mu buryo bugenekereje Padiri Muzungu avuga ko Nyirarumaga ‘ashobora kuba’ yarageze ibwami akahasanga abandi basizi bavuka mu muryango we w’Abasinga . Nyuma ye habonetse abandi basizi bamenyekanye harimo n’uwitwa Bagorozi.

Indi mpamvu yaba yaratumye atoranywa ngo abe umugabekazi w’ingoboka ngo ni uko yabonye amahano yabaye ku ngoma ya Ndahiro Cyamatare ubwo Abanyabungo bigaruriraga u Rwanda bakarucura bufuni na buhoro mu gihe cy’imyaka 11.

Muri icyo gihe cyose Nyirarumaga yari umwe mubari bategeje ko Ruganzu Ndoli abunduka akagaruka mu Rwanda.

Mu gisigo cye yise Aho ishokeye inshotsi ya Gitarama abigaragazamo.

Muri make ng’ayo amateka y’ubuhanga n’ubupfura bya Nyirarumaga wahanze abasizi b’u Rwanda, akavuga amateka y’iki gihugu mu bisigo.

Iyo ataza kubikora amateka y’abami b’umushumi ntaba azwi na gato kuko abamubabanjirije batagize igitekerezo cyo kuyabika mu mvugo y’ibisigo.

Padiri Bernardin Muzungu avuga ko ingoma ya Ruganzu Ndoli n’umugabekazi we Nyirarumaga, ariyo yagiriye u Rwanda akamaro k’ikirenga.

Ngo yasanze u Rwanda ruri mu mage y’abanyamahanga barwigaruriye imyaka 11 hamwe n’amacakubiri y’abana b’umwami bari baranze kuyoboka uwarurazwe.

Kuba icumu rye ryarahoraga ritukuye ni uko ariryo ryanesheje ayo magomerane kandi rikungura u Rwanda, rikaruha ubwisungane mu mipaka yarwo y’iki gihe.

Amaherezo ya Nyirarumaga ntabwo azwi neza, gusa bikekwa ko yapfuye urupfu rusanzwe i bwami nyuma yo gutanga k’umwami Ruganzu.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW