Yoshikawa,maneko watumye Japan ihangara USA mu gitero cya Pearl Harbor

Taliki 06 ishyira iya 07 Ukuboza muri 1941 maneko w’Umuyapani witwaga Takeo Yoshikawa yahaye ubutumwa bwa nyuma umugaba w’ingabo zirwanira mu kirere z’Ubuyapani witwaga Admiral Chuichi Nagumo amwemeza ko u Buyapani bwahagurutsa indege z’intambara zabwo zikaza ziruka zigasenya ibirindiro bya Pearl Harbor muri Hawaii aho ingabo za USA zirwanira mu mazi zari zikambitse.

Yamusezeranyije ko nta numwe wagombaga kumenya ikigiye kuba kuko abanyamerika bari baramaze kumwizera bihagije kandi ngo nta nicyo bakekaga ko cyasenya ibirindiro byabo. Iki gitero nicyo cyakanguye USA ihita yinjira mu ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi.

Kuva icyo gihe nibwo USA kandi yahise ishyiraho ikigo cy’ubutasi bwo hanze kugira ngo hatazagira uwongera kuyikorera ibibi bene kariya kageni. CIA nibwo yatangiye gutekerezwaho.

Kuri uyu wa gatatu Minisitiri w’Intebe w’Ubuyapani Shinzo Abe azasura Pearl Harbor aho ingabo z’igihugu cye zasenye bikomeye muri 1941. Bizaba ari mu buryo bwo kwibuka amateka ariko no gutsura umubano mwiza usanzwe hagati y’ibihugu byombi.

Mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka President wa USA Barack Obama nawe yasuye Hiroshima aho ingabo ze zateye bombe atomique muri 1945, iyi ikaba ariyo yatumye u Buyapani butsindwa iriya ntambara bwari bwatangije kuri USA.

USA niho nayo yaje kwihimura kuri Japan itazuyaje ibarekuriraho Bombe atomique ebyiri. Intambara hagati ya bombi irarangira, Ubuyapani bwemera guca bugufi imbere ya USA kugeza ubu.

Pearl Harbor byashobotse kubera maneko w’umuhanga

Igitero cya Pearl Harbor muri Amerika kibukwa nka karundura kuko haguye abasirikare 2 403, abandi 1 178 barakomereka, amato umunani manini y’intambara arashwanyagurika, indege 188 z’intambara barazishwanyaguza. Ibyago byari bikomeye cyane kandi bihenze kuri USA.

Mu gihe ku Buyapani bapfushije abasirikare 64 gusa, amato y’intambara yabo ane akarohama, indege 24 zikarasirwa mu kirere.

Pearl Harbor ni rumwe mu ngamba zikomeye zabayeho zateguwe bidasanzwe ku Isi.

Umugabo Takeo Yoshikawa niwe ufatwa nka maneko ukomeye mu mateka y’u Buyapani kubera ubuhanga yakoresheje kugira ngo yinjire muri Pearl Harbor kandi abashe gukusanya no koherereza Ubuyapani amakuru yafashije mu gutegura igitero.

Ubutumwa bwa Takeo Yoshikawa  bwageze kuri Admiral Chuichi Nagumo ahagana saa 1:20 z’ijoro kandi ngo ni bumwe muri bwinshi yatanze bukabikwa kandi bugasuzumwa n’ubuyobozi bw’ingabo z’Ubuyapani zirwanira mu kirere.

Ubu butumwa bwagiraga buti:”Amato akukiye i musozi, hari amato icyenda y’intambara, atatu muri yo ni amato manini y’intambara, bafite andi 17 arimo imbunda zihanura indege. Mbere y’uko winjira mu birindiro hari amato ane manini n’andi atatu arimo imbunda zihanura indege. Hari amato agwaho indege nto yamaze kuva ku mwaro…Kugeza ubu nta kintu na kimwe kerekana ko hari ikiri buhinduke mu byo mbabwiye..”

Takeo Yoshikawa yari umukozi wa Ambasade y’Ubuyapani yari ifite ikicaro muri murwa mukuru wa Hawaii ariwo Honolulu.

Ntiyigeze na rimwe agera aho ingabo n’amato y’intambara bya USA byari bikambitse kuri Pearl Harbor ahubwo yacungiraga kure akoresheje ‘binoculars’ n’agakayi n’ikaramu aho yashushanyaga urujya n’uruza rw’ibyaberaga kuri kiriya kirwa.

Uyu mugabo abantu bamufataga nka mukerarugendo usanzwe wanyuzagamo agakora ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi.

Ubwo yabaga yicaye mu murima uri ahirengeye byamufashaga kwitegereza ibyabaga biri kuri Pearl Harbor no kubyandika mu gakayi ke, ijoro ryagwa akabyohereza iwabo.

Yoshikawa aza bwa mbere muri USA yaji yitwa Morimura Tadashi. Ba maneko bagira amazina ya kabiri bita mu Cyongereza ‘cover name’.

Ikinyamakuru kitwa Nippu Jiji cyanditse ko yari azanywe no kureba ukuntu bamwe mu Bayapani bacyurwa kuko ngo isi yari iri mu kaga kubera intambara yari irimo guca ibintu.

Ibi ubwabyo byari bubere ubutasi bwa USA umusingi wo gutangira gukeka uyu mugabo iyo baza kuba batararangaye bikabije.

Morimura  mu by’ukuri yari Takeo Yoshikawa.

Mu  1933  yari yararangije amasomo yo gutwara amato y’intambara mu cyitwaga Imperial Japanese Naval Academy, nyuma yakoze mu bwato bunini cyane bw’intambara bitaga Asama n’ubundi bitaga Ura.

Nyuma yaje kwiga gutwara indege zigwa hejuru y’amato y’intambara. Nyuma yaje kugira ikibazo cy’uburwayi bwo mu gifu bamuha ikiruhuko ngo kuko byagaragaraga ko ari kuremba gahoro gahoro.

Hari bamwe mu bamwe mu bahanga mu mateka y’intambara bavuga ko ikiruhuko nka kiriya gikunda guhabwa abasirikare bakuru baba bateganyirizwa kuzoherezwa mu kazi gakomeye k’ubutasi.

Amakuru yatanzwe na nyirubwite avuga ko muri 1936 ubuyobozi bw’ingabo z’Ubuyapani bwamwegereye bumusaba kuba maneko w’umusivili. Yemera ko ngo kuva icyo gihe yahise atangira kwiga Icyongereza kugira ngo amenye ibyerekeye ingabo z’Ubwongereza na USA.

Ngo yasomaga buri kintu cyose kerekeranye na biriya bihugu harimo za raporo zoherezwaga  n’abahagarariye u Buyapani muri bihugu byose by’isi, agasoma ibinyamakuru birimo na The New York Times cyane cyane igice cyavugaga ku ngabo za USA cyandikwaga na Hanson Baldwin.

Yasomaga kandi amateka y’Isi: Roma, uBugereki, Babuloni, n’ibindi bihugu bikomeye byabayeho.

Yafashe mu mutwe amazina y’amato ya USA yabaga aziritse ku nkombe za Pearl Harbor.

Bigeze muri 1940 nibwo yasabwe kujya muri Hawaii muri ‘mission’ y’ubutasi.

Yasabwe kutazahirahira ngo agire uwo abwira icyamuzanye mu by’ukuri ndetse na bagenzi be bakoranaga ntiyari yemerewe kuribahingukiriza.

Amaze kwiga ibintu by’ingenzi ku butaka, ikirere, umuco n’ururimi rw’abatuye Hawaii. Yashikawa yateretse umusatsi we kugira ngo azase n’abaturage b’aho kuko bagiraga imisatsi miremire.

Mission ye yari ukwitegereza uko amato ya USA akora, ibikorwa bya gisirikare byose haba muri Oahu no mu tundi duce twa Hawaii, ibyo yabaga yakusanyije yagombaga kurara abyohereje iwabo muri Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga.

Yoshikawa wahimbye Morimura  muri Mata 1941 yashyikirije inyandiko z’akazi uwari uhagarariye u Buyapani muri Hawaii witwaga Nagao Kita.

Icyo gihe kandi yamushyikirije ibihumbi 600 by’amadolari byagombaga kuzifashishwa mu gushyigikira ibikorwa bye by’ubutasi. Ariya mafaranga yari yahawe n’ubwami bw’u Buyapani.

Hakurikiyeho ikiganiro hagati y’abagabo bombi, hanyuma Kita abwira Yoshikawa kwirinda ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyazatuma hari umucishamo ijisho.

Yagize ati: “Uzirinde icyatuma umenyekana cyangwa ngo hagire ugukeka amababa. Ujye witwara nk’umuturage usanzwe mu kazi kawe ka buri munsi, ujye wirinda kurakara ubusa cyangwa gushamadukira ibyo ubonye byose. Ujye wirinda kwegera ‘utuce dukomye’ kandi umenye ko FBI ihari.”

Kuva icyo gihe yatangiye kujya yitegereza ingendo z’amato ya USA yavaga San Diego agana Pearl Harbor akaba yarabaga azanye amakuru y’ubutasi bwerekeye ibyaberaga muri kariya gace kose.

Ubwo yageraga muri Hawaii, igisirikare cy’u Buyapani cyari cyaratangiye kwitegura kuzatera USA.

Byari ihurizo rikomeye kuri Ambasade y’Ubuyapani muri USA yakoreraga Honolulu kigira ngo ibashe gukusanya amakuru no kuyohereza ariko ntikome rutenderi ngo bibe byateza ikibazo na USA.

Yoshikawa yatangiranye akazi ke k’ubutasi ingufu n’ubwitonzi bwinshi. Yageraga mu kazi ke kuri ambasade agakora akazi ari nako acunga neza ibice bikikije ambasade n’ikigo cya Pearl Harbor.

Yajyaga kurya hakiri kare saa 10 z’igitondo rimwe akagenda n’amaguru ubundi agatega bus. Aho bus yamugezaga yavagamo agatega taxi ikamujyana ahantu hitwa Aiea Heights aho yabaga yitegeye neza Pearl Harbor.

Iyo yabaga agarutse ku kazi nyuma y’akaruhuko, yafataga ikaramu akandika ibyo yabonye hanyuma akabibika.

Saa cyenda z’umugoroba yajyaga mu kindi kiruhuko cya nyuma ya sa sita ariko akabanza guhinduranya imyenda ubundi agasubira hahandi gufata ikawa.

Hari ubwo yajyaga mu kandi gace k’ingabo za USA bitaga Wheeler Army Airfield cyangwa se akajya mu karwa ka Haleiwa.

Iyo yabaga agarutse atashye yandikaga icyo yabonye hanyuma akoherereza amakuru abamutumye bo muri Tokyo.

Nimugoroba yajyaga kunywa icupa n’abandi bakozi, bakabyina kandi ngo agakomeza kwirinda ngo ataza kwisama yasandaye.

Hari ubwo yararaga mu kabari abantu baziko yasinze bikomeye kandi ngo yabaga ari kwitegereza ibyaberaga hakurya akaba yatekereza uko byabaga byifashe n’ubwo hari kure ye.

Mu gitondo yitegerezaga uko amato ahagurutswa, aho yaganaga ndetse n’umuvuduko yahagurukanaga, yamara kubireba byose agahita ajya kubwira Tokyo.

Uyu mugabo yakoraga wenyine kandi akagerageza kubana neza n’abandi ntihagire uwo agirana ikibazo na kimwe nawe.

Amakuru Yoshikawa yakusanyaga yayoherezaga muri Tokyo binyuze muri Ambasade kuko ngo nta rwikekwe rwari hagati ya USA n’Ubuyapani.

Umushoferi wa Ambasade niwe wayavanaga kwa Yoshikawa akayashyira abakozi ba Ambasade.

Taliki 24 Nzeri ubuyobozi bw’Ubuyapani bwandikiye Ambasade yabwo yari Honululu babasaba kumenya neza ikirwa cya Pearl Harbor; ahakunda gushyirwa amato asanzwe, ay’intambara, ay’ubucuruzi, aho indege zigwa, ahabikwa ibisasu n’ahandi hakomeye.

Bagombaga kandi kwerekana inzira amato akunda gucamo, ahatuye abasivili, abasirikare , aba diplomats, uduce tubamo ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi n’ahandi.

Uko bigaragara Ubuyapani bwashakaga kumenya uko amato ya USA angana, aho aba ari…kugira ngo ashyirwe mu byiciro no mu matsinda.

Nubwo ubutasi bwa USA bwari baramaze kubona ko bushobora kuzaterwa ariko abakuru b’ingabo za USA bari bakibaza icyo bakora ndetse bakibaza niba baramutse babibajije u Buyapani icyakurikiraho mu mibanire yabo.

Abakuru b’ingabo za USA zarwaniraga mu mazi barimo Admiral Husband E. Kimmel na Lieutenant General Walter C. Short bari baramaze gutangira gukeka amababa u Buyapani ariko batarabona icyo bakora ngo babikome mu nkokora batahungabanyije umubano w’ibihugu byombi.

Kubera ko igihe cyo gutera cyarimo kegereza, abayobozi muri Tokyo bashyize igitutu kuri Yoshikawa ngo abahe amakuru menshi ashoboka kuri Pearl Harbor kandi akabikorana ubwitonzi bushoboka.

Undi nawe yize amayeri yo kujya areba hariya hantu akeresheje indege yakodeshaga nka mukerarugendo ushaka kureba ‘uko ikirwa gisa neza.’

Ndetse yaje no kujya agenda atembera n’umugore w’indaya yabaga yakodesheje akajya kwifotereza hafi y’ibigo bya gisirikare amafoto akayohereza i Tokyo.

Hari n’ubwo yafataga ubwato agatembera areba ahandi hantu mu kirwa hashoboraga kuba umwaro k’uburyo ubwato bwahakukira.

Ibi byose Yoshikawa yabikoraga atazi igihe igihugu cye cyari buterere USA gusa ngo ashingiye kubyo yabonaga yumvaga bitazatenza 1941 cyangwa mu ntangiriro za 1942.

Mu Ukwakira hagati umwe mu basirikare b’u Buyapani witwaga Lt  Suguru Suzuki yazanye n’abagenzi bagera kuri 340 bari baje gusura bene wabo babaga kuri Ambasade.

Ngo yari yahawe ubutumwa bwo kuza kwirebera n’amaso niba ibyo Yoshikawa yababwiye aribyo koko.

Amaze kureba ibyo bamubwiye Suzuki ngo yanditse ibibazo 97 byo guha Yoshikawa ngo abisubize.

Yamuhaye amasaha 24 yo kuba yamaze kubisubiza byose.

Bimwe muri ibi bibazo ngo byagira biti: “ Ni uwuhe munsi amato aba atsitse ku nkombe ari menshi? Undi yasubije ko ari ku Cyumweru.

Ni ayahe masaha amato aba ari mu kuzenguruka acunga umutekano haba nijoro cyangwa ku manywa? Ngo ni sa yine haba ku manywa na n’ijoro.

Yamubajije ahantu hose haherereye ibibuga by’indege.

Yamubajije kandi niba amato ahora ari ‘tayari kugenda’ ni ukuvuga niba abayatwara baba barimo kandi biteguye.

Yoshikawa yasubije ibibazo byose ndetse atanga n’amakarita asobanura uko ikirwa cyose giteye.

Kuri we ngo akazi ke kari karangiye.

Amakuru yose yahererejwe Admiral Chichi Nagumo wari warashinzwe gutegura neza kiriya gitero.

Mu ijoro ryo kuwa 06, Ukuboza 1941 Yoshikawa yatanze amakuru ya nyuma avuga uko ikirere kimeze kandi ngo nta ntwaro zihanura indege zari hari aho, ibi bikaba byari bihagije ngo igitero gitangizwe.

Mu gitondo cyo kuwa 07 Ukuboza 1941 ahagana saa mbiri nibwo bombes za mbere zatangiye kwisuka ku birindiro by’ingabo za USA muri Hawaii, icyo gihe Yoshikama ngo yarimo anywa icyayi.

Ingabo za USA zakangukiye mu birimi by’umuriro. Yoshikawa yahise yirukira kuri radio ya Ambasade banyuzagaho amakuru abwira iwabo ko intambara na USA itangiye!

Yahise yifungirana atwika impapuro zose z’amabanga.

Ahagana saa tatu abakozi ba Ambasade bose batawe muri yombi na FBI bafungiranwa mu biro bya Ambasade mu gihe cy’iminsi 10 nyuma bimurirwa muri San Diego.

Yoshikawa yarafashwe ahatwa ibibazo n’inkoni nyinshi ariko ngo ntiyigeze amena ibanga, yavugaga ko yakundaga gutembera muri kiriya kirwa mu rwego rwo ‘kwitemberera gusa.’

Uyu mugabo byaje kurangira asubiye iwabo nyuma y’uko ibihugu bitandukanye birimo u Buyapani, u Budage, u Bwongereza, n’u Butariyani biguranye imfungwa z’intambara nyuma y’uko intambara ya kabiri y’isi irangiye.

Iwabo yafashwe nka gashozantambara

Ageze iwabo Yoshikawa yakomeje gukora mu butasi bw’ingabo zirwanira mu mazi mu gihe intambara yari ikomeje. Intambara irangiye Ubuyapani bwigaruriwe na US yagiye mu bwihisho, yihindura umuMonk wo muba Buddhist, atinya gufatwa agakurikiranwa ku gitero cya Pearl Harbor. Yongeye kugaruka iwe mu rugo ku mugore we ubwo US yari iretse kwigarurira Ubuyapani.

Yoshikawa ntiyigeze na rimwe ashimirwa n’igihugu ku mirimo y’intambara. Mu 1955 yatangiye ubucuruzi buto bwa Cafetariat ariko arahomba kuko abantu benshi bari bamaze kumenya uruhare rwe mu ntambara.

Abaturage bamushinjaga kuba ariwe ‘gashozantambara’ ndetse mu kiganiro yaje gutanga mu itangazamakuru yagize ati “bananshinja ko ari njye wabakururiye atomic bomb”

Yahuye n’ubukene bukabije abura akazi atungwa n’umugore we ubuzima bwe bwari busigaye.

Yagize ati “umugore wanjye gusa niwe umpa icyubahiro. Buri munsi aranyunamira. Arabizi ko ndi umugabo w’amateka.”

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW