Uburyo amaso y’inyamaswa zitandukanye areba buratangaje

Abahanga mu binyabuzima bemera ubwihindurize (evolution) bavuga ko aribwo bwahaye inyamaswa zitandukanye ubushobozi bwo kureba no kubaho mu buryo butandukanye.

Abemera Imana nabo bavuga ko Imana ariyo yahaye abantu n’ibindi binyabuzima uburyo bwo kureba butuma bibasha kubona amafunguro, kwihisha icyago, gusanganira ibindi binyabuzima bifitatanye isano cyangwa ubucuti n’ibindi.

Uburyo inyamaswa zirebamo buratangaje cyane. Agakoko kameze nk’umuserebanya karya inigwahabiri kitwa Gecko nijoro nibwo kabasha kubona ikintu mu mabara mu gihe amajeri yo burya nijoro areba akoresheje imirasire bita ultrat Violets.

Imbeba burya ngo nijoro nibwo zibasha kwagura ubuso bw’aho zireba ijisho rimwe rireba igice kimwe irindi rikareba ikindi, ikabona ahantu hagutse kurushaho. Niyo mpamvu akenshi nijoro ngo nta gitungura imbeba kandi zikabasha no kunyaruka cyane zisereganya mu gihe kumanywa burya ngo bizigora kubona no kuvuduka aho zitareba neza.

Inyoni nini nka kagoma, sakabaka, inkongoro n’izindi zifite amaso akora nka jummelles(binauculars) zibasha gukurura amashusho y’ikintu kiri kure cyane zikakireba nk’ikiri hafi rwose.

Imbwa:

Amaso y’imbwa areba ibintu akabibona mu mabara atatu y’ingenzi ariyo ikigina, ubururu n’umuhondo.

Igitangaje ni uko ubusanzwe aya mabara ariyo aranga umuntu ufite ikibazo cyo kutabona amabara .

Imbwa zibasha kubona ahantu hagutse kurusha abantu ibyo abahanga bita peripheral sight. Kubera ko zifite uturemangingo fatizo dukurura amabara make, gusa bituma zitabona ibintu byinshi mu mabara nk’uko bimeze ku bantu.

Ikinyamakuru Helpucover cyandika kuri science yemeza ko ubusanzwe kureba kw’inyamaswa kudashingiye ku rumuri cyangwa amabara nk’uko bimeze ku bantu.

Gecko

Ni buno busimba bumeze nk’imiserebanya cg icyugu gito, aka gaserebanya karya imibu mu nzu kitwa Gecko ko kabasha kubona amabara inshuro 350 kurusha umuntu kandi nijoro kabona ibintu mu mabara yabyo mu gihe abantu bo babona ibibakikije mu mukara n’umweru gusa.

Si Gecko gusa zibona nijoro ibintu mu mabara yabyo neza, n’ijeri burya ngo ribona neza nijoro.

Amajeri abasha kureba ibintu yifashishije n’imirasire bita ultra violets, ibi bishoboka kubera ko amajeri afite uburyo bwo kuyungurura iyi mirasire agakuramo ibintu byayangiza ubundi agasigarana ibiyafasha kureba neza.

Ibikeri

Ibikeri n’imitubu bibarirwa mu nyamaswa zirusha izindi zose kureba neza mu mwijima.

Ibikeri bibasha kubona ibintu mu mabara niyo haba hari umwijima w’icuraburindi k’uburyo umuntu nta kintu na mba yabasha kubona.

Ibi biterwa n’uko ibikeri bifite twa turemangingo dufasha kureba nijoro dufite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukora kurusha izinda nyamaswa.

 Inzoka

Burya inzoka zigira amaso y’amoko abiri: Abiri azifasha kureba ku manywa n’andi abiri azifasha kureba nijoro.

Iyo inzoka ihiga ku manywa ikoresha amaso afite ubushobozi bwo gukurura no gutandukanya imirasire ya ultraviolet kugira ngo iyikoreshe mu kongera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kubona.

Inzoka  nijoro ibasha kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukurura ultra violets kuko ntazo iba ikeneye cyane nko ku manywa maze nabwo ikareba neza mu mabara.

Inzoka kandi zibasha kureba ibizikikije binyuze mu gukurura imirasire bita infra rouges iba itangwa n’ibintu bishyushye (amabuye, ubutaka,…) biba biri iruhande hafi aho.

Inigwahabiri(insects)

Abahanga mu binyabuzima bavuga ko inigwahabiri zifite amaso arimo andi menshi ibyo twakwita lenses. Buri lense ngo ikurura ishusho hanyuma yahurizwa hamwe agakora ishusho imwe rusange.

Izi lenses nyinshi zituma nubwo ari nto inigwahabiri zibasha kureba ahantu hanini ugereranyije n’uko zingana bityo bikazifasha guhunga inyamaswa urugero nk’uruvu rukunda isazi cyane.

Amafi manini yitwa’ Sharks’.

Aya mafi afite amaso areba kure cyane k’uburyo ayifasha kureba mu Nyanja kure kandi amazi ntabe yagera mu mboni kubera ko imeze nk’ikirahure.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW