Kuri Manda ya II P. Kagame yesheje imihigo yahize mu bikorwa remezo?

*Mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu yesheje imihigo
*Ingo zifite Umuriro w’amashanyarazi zigeze kuri 34.5%.

Muri Manda ya kabiri, Perezida Paul Kagame hari ibyo yemereye Abanyarwanda ko azabagezaho mu myaka irindwi, bikubiye muri “Gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka irindwi”, uyu munsi turagaruka kuri Porogaramu ya gatatu y’IBIKORWAREMEZO, mu Nkingi ya Gatatu y’Ubukungu.

Raporo zinyuranye ziragaragaza ko imihigo iri muri iyi Porogaramu y’Ibikorwaremezo Guverinoma igeze kure iyesa, imihigo iri ku gipimo cya 76% iri gukorwaho iratanga ikizere ko uyu mwaka uzarangira yaragezweho, indi igera kuri 14% izarangira nyuma ya Manda, naho indi igera ku 10% yo izatangira nyuma y’iyi manda.

Raporo “Detailed Progress Report of the 7YGP (2010-2017) – Economic cluster” yo ku 25 Kanama 2016 ya Minisiteri y’Imari n’igenamigambi (MINECOFIN) igaragaza ko muri rusange imihigo ikubiye muri iyi Nkingi y’UBUKUNGU, igera ku gipimo  cya 72% yari ikiri gukorwa kandi itanga ikizere ko izarangirira igihe, indi iri ku gipimo cya 23% igaragara nk’izagerwaho ariko nyuma y’igihe, n’indi igera ku gipimo cya 5% bitazwi igihe izatangirira n’igihe izarangirira.

Ingingo ya mbere kuri iyi Porogaramu y’ibikorwaremezo: Kubaka imihanda mishya

Igaruka ku gusana, gutunganya no kubaka imihanda mishya ku buryo burambye. By’umwihariko imihanda mishya ya kaburimbo yagombaga kubakwa ikarangizwa irimo iyi ikurikira:

*Umuhanda Ngoma- Bugesera-Nyanza;

*Umuhanda Ntendezi-Karongi-Rubavu;

*N’umuhanda Base-Gicumbi-Nyagatare;

Imihanda ya kaburimbo yagombaga gusanwa irimo iyi ikurikira:

*Umuhanda Kigali-Gatuna;

*Umuhanda Rusizi-Ntendezi-Nyamagabe-Huye; *Umuhanda Rusumo-Kayonza;

*Umuhanda Kayonza-Kagitumba;

*N’Umuhanda Muhanga-Karongi.

– Umuhanda Ngoma-Bugesera-Nyanza w’ibilometero 130 ntabwo wari wubakwa ariko inyigo zawo zarakozwe igisigaye ni ukubona amafaranga yo kuwubaka. Abaterankunga nka Banki y’Isi, n’Ikigega cy’Abayapani ‘JICA’ bari mu bafatanyabikorwa ba Leta muri uyu mushinga.

-Umuhanda Ntendezi-Karongi-Rubavu uzwi nk’Umukandara wa Kivu (Kivu Belt) w’Ibilometero 187, kugera mu mpera za 2016 Ntendezi – Karongi wari waruzuye ukoreshwa.

Mu ntangiro z’uku kwezi, ubwo yagezaga ku Nteko Ishinga Amatege umushinga w’ingengo y’Imari wa 2017/18, Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi Amb. Claver Gatete yavuze ko imirimo yo kubaka uyu muhanda mu gace ka Rubengera-Gisiza (Kivu belt Lot 6) igeze ku kigereranyo cya 52.4 ku ijana (%), naho iyo kubaka agace ka Gisiza-Rubavu (24.5Km) yo ikaba igeze ku kigereranyo cya 72.4 ku ijana (%).

-Umuhanda Base-Gicumbi-Nyagatare (124 Km); Uyu muhanda waciwemo ibice ibibiri. Igice cya mbere (Lot1) ni Gicumbi- Rukomo (51km), naho igice cya kabiri (Lot 2) kikaba Rukomo-Nyagatare (73km), Kugera muri Kanama 2016, ibikorwa byo kubaka uyu muhanda byari biri ku rwego rw’inyigo no gushaka abazawubaka. Amafaranga yo kubaka uyu muhanda hafi ya wose ubu Leta ikaba yaramaze kuyabona.

 

Ingingo ya kabiri: Gusana imihanda

Igaruka ku gusana no kubaka imihanda y’ibitaka y’ubuhahirane mu Ntara n’ Uturere dutandukanye; Irimo umuhanda Ngororero-Mukamira, umuhanda Kigali-Musanze, Kigali-Gatuna, Rusizi-Ntendezi-Nyamagabe-Huye, Rusumo-Kayonza, Kayonza-Kagitumba, n’umuhanda Muhanga-Karongi.

Muri Kanama 2016, MINECOFIN yavuze ko imirimo yagombaga gukorwa ku muhanda Ngororero- Mukamira yarangiye mu 2011,  ku muhanda Kigali-Musanze irangira mu 2012. Yavugaga kandi ko imirimo yagombaga gukorwa ku muhanda Kigali-Gatuna, uwa Crete Congo Nil-Ntendezi (30 Km), n’uwa Crete Congo Nil-Kitabi (33 Km) nayo yari yaramaze kuzura ku gipimo cya 100%. Indi mihanda yo yari itarakorwa, icyakora harashyizweho uburyo bwo kuyitaho mu gihe itarakorwa.

Hari n’indi mihanda itagaragara muri iyi gahunda ariko yubatswe indi irasanwa, Minisitiri Amb. Claver Gatete aherutse kuvuga ko imirimo yo kubaka umuhanda Base-Rukomo nayo igeze ku gipimo cya 30%.

Aha twavuga kandi nk’imirimo yo kubaka Umuhanda Base-Butaro-Kirambo yatangiye ikaba igeze ku gipimo cya 14.7%; Isanwa ry’umuhanda wa Ruhango–Kinazi-Rutabo na Kinazi-Mukunguri biteganyijwe kurangira mu mpera z’uyu mwaka wa 2017; Imirimo yo kubaka umuhanda Mbuga–Mpimbi-Burerabana-Nyabinoni (Lot 1) igeze ku gipimo cya 87.5%; Imirimo yo kubaka Umuhanda Rwamagana-Gishari yo yararangiye.

Min. Claver Gatete aherutse gutangaza ko imirimo yo gusana umuhanda Rukali-Kabuga mu Karere ka Nyanza igeze ku gipimo cya 93.9%; Imirimo yo kubaka umuhanda Pindura-Bweyeye muri Nyungwe ikaba igeze ku gipimo cya 60%.

 

Ingingo ya gatatu: Imihanda muri Kigali

Igaruka kubaka imihanda mu Mujyi wa Kigali, hagombaga kubakwa Ibilometero 106 by’imihanda ya Kaburimbo n’imihanda y’amabuye ya Kilometero 100 mu yindi mijyi.

Imihanda y’ingenzi yose yubakwa n’isanwa ya kaburimbo n’iy’ibitaka n’ibiraro, igipimo cyo kuyifata neza (maintenance) kikava kuri 39% kikagera ku 100%.

MINECOFIN mu 2016 yavugaga ko kuva mu 2010 hari hamaze kubakwa ibilometero 75.84 mu Mujyi wa Kigali, mu gihe imirimo yo kubaka iriya mihanda yindi itari iya Kaburimbo y’ibilometero 100 yagombaga kubakwa mu mijyi ya kabiri kuri Kigali nayo yari igikomeza.

Imihanda yo mu mujyi wa Gisenyi y’Ibilometero 15 yari igeze kuri 92%, dore ko Ibilometero 13.8 byakozwe hagati ya 2010/11 na 2015.

Imihanda yo mu mujyi wa Rusizi y’Ibilometero 15 yari igeze kuri 94%, Ibilometero 14.06 byakozwe hagati ya 2010/11 na 2015.

Naho imihanda yo mu mujyi wa Huye y’Ibilometero 15 yari igeze ku gipimo cya 120% kuko barengejeho bakubaka imihanda y’ibilometero 18.

Naho, muri gahunda yo gufata neza imihanda mu gihe kirekire (maintenance) hatunganyijwe umuhanda Kigali-Huye-Akanyaru ufite ibilometero 157, n’umuhanda Kigali-Kayonza ufite ibilometero 74.8, imirimo ikaba igeze ku gipimo cya 95%; Ndetse hakozwe imihanda yo mu mijyi ya Musanze na Rubavu ifite uburebure bugera ku bilometero 7, nk’uko biherutse gutangazwa na MINECOFIN.

 

Ingingo ya kane: Gariya Moshi

Igaruka ku kubaka umuhanda wa Gari ya Moshi Isaka-KIGALI (494 Km). Uyu muhanda MINECOFIN iwushyira mu bikorwa bitashoboka kuzura cyangwa gutangira muri iyi myaka irindwi dusoza, gusa inyigo no gushaka ubushobozi byo birakomeje.

 

Ingingo ya gatanu: Ikibuga cya Bugesera

Iyi ngingo igaruka kubaka ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera no gukora imirimo yo kwagura ibibuga by’indege bya Rubavu na Kamembe, no kuvugurura ikibuga mpuzamahanga cya Kigali.

-Imirimo yo kubaka ikibuga cy’indege Mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera biteganyijwe ko itangira muri uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2017/18.

-Imirimo yo kwagura ikibuga cy’indege cya Rubavu ishobora nayo gutangira muri uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2017/18.

-Naho imirimo yo kwagura ikibuga cy’indege cya Kamembe yo yararangiye, ndetse cyatangiye kongera gukoreshwa mu 2015.

-Kuvugurura ikibuga mpuzamahanga cya Kigali byaratangiye ndetse hari n’ibyarangiye, gusa hari n’ibigikomeza bizakorwa muri uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2017/18.

 

Ingingo ya gatandatu: Kuba ibyambu ku Kivu

Ivuga ku guteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi cyane cyane mu kiyaga cya Kivu, hubakwa ibyambu bya kijyambere Rubavu, Karongi na Rusizi.

Mu 2016, MINECOFIN yavugaga ko inyigo yamaze gukorwa ndetse n’inyandiko y’ibisabwa ihari, igisigaye ari ugushaka amafaranga yo kubaka biriya byambu, ariko ntibishoboka ko byakubakwa muri iyi Manda.

 

Ingingo ya karindwi: Megawati 1000

Igaruka ku nganda zitanga amashanyarazi zagombaga kubakwa, ni Urugomero rwa Nyabarongo (28 MW), urugomero rwa Rusizi III (48 MW), ingomero nto hirya no hino mu Turere zitanga MW 20; Hakubakwa kandi izindi nganda zibyaza ingufu Gazi Metani (150 MW); Hakubakwa kandi inganda z’amashanyarazi aturuka ku mashyuza (10 MW); Hakanashyirwaho inganda zitunganya nyiramugengeri zifite ubushobozi bwa 200 MW.

Mu cyaro by’umwihariko, hagombaga gukorwa imishinga ibyara ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba, ku muyaga, Biyogazi, n’andi masoko y’ingufu, ibi ngo byagombaga gutuma ingufu u Rwanda rufite ziyongera kuva kuri Meagawati (MW) 85 zikagera kuri MW 1000 mu 2017; Ndetse umubare w’Abanyarwanda bakoresha amashanyarazi ukava kuri 10% bagere kuri 70%.

Muri Kanama 2016, MINECOFIN yavuze ko:

– Urugomero rwa Nyabarongo (28 MW) rwarubatswe ndetse rurakora neza, rwatashywe mu 2014.

-Urugomero rwa Rusizi III (48 MW), ntiruratangira kubakwa gusa ngo biteganyijwe ko ruzatangira gutanga amashanyarazi mu 2021.

– Ingomero nto 40 hirya no hino mu Turere zitanga MW 20 zari zaramaze gukorerwa inyigo, izindi zaratangiye gukora. Nk’ingomero 13 nto za Nkora, Cyimbili, Keya, Mazimeru, Musarara, Janja, Mukungwa II, Nyirabuhombohombo, Nyabahanga, Nshili I, Gashashi, Rukarara II na Giciye I zitanga MW 14.338 zuzuye hagati ya Nyakanga 2011 na Kamena 2014.

– Ikiciro cya mbere cy’urundi ruganda rubyaza ingufu Gazi Metani rwaratashywe, gusa ntirutanga MW 150 rwari rwitezweho ubu ruri gutanga MW 25, zishobora kongerwa mu kiciro cya kabiri zikaba hafi 100.

-Inganda z’amashanyarazi aturuka ku mashyuza nazo ntizubatswe, nyuma y’ihagarikwa ry’umushinga wa Kalisimbi muri Werurwe 2014.

– Hubatswe kandi uruganda rutunganya nyiramugengeri rwa Gishoma rutanga MW ziri hagati ya 10 na 15, aha MW 200 naho ntizabonetse.

Raporo y’Igikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe gukwirakwiza ingufu (REG) igaragaza ibyo cyagezeho mu 2016, igaragaza ko 2016 yarangiye u Rwanda rufite MW 208.

Imibare ya REG yo muri Gicurasi 2017, igaragaza ko ingo 860 638 zingana na 34.5% zifite umuriro w’amashanyarazi, harimo ingo 679,320 zingana na 27.2% by’ingo zose zo mu Rwanda zifatira umuriro ku mirongo migari y’ingufu z’igihugu (national grid), hanyuma izindi 181,318 zingana na 7.3% zikaba zifatira ku mirongo mito itari iy’igihugu (off-grid) nk’imirasire y’izuba n’indi.

Gahunda y’imbaturabukungu ya kabiri (EDPRS II) nayo iteganya ko mu mwaka utaha wa 2018, ingo 70% z’abanyarwanda zizaba zifite umuriro w’amashanyarazi, murizo 48% ziwukura ku mirongo migari y’igihugu, naho 22% ziwukura ku mirongo mito itari iy’igihugu.

MW 1 000 ntizabonetse gusa umuriro uhari usa n’uwakemuye byinshi dore ko ubu isaranganya ry’umuriro ryatumaga ibice bimwe na bimwe bibura umuriro bitakibaho cyane.

Ikibazo gisigaye muri uru rwego ni ukumanura igipimo cy’umuriro upfa ubusa kikiri hejuru, kuri 23%, ndetse n’ikibazo cy’imikorere y’ingomero zubatswe dore ko Umugenzuzi mukuru w’Imari ya Leta akunze kugaragaza ko usanga hari ingomero nyinshi zidakora nabusa, n’izikora nabi.

 

Ingingo ya munani: Imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ndengamipaka

Igaruka ku kubaka imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ihuza u Rwanda n’ibihugu bituranye (interconnections) bizafasha ubuhahirane bw’amashanyarazi n’ibindi bihugu.

-Muri Kanama 2016, MINECOFIN yavugaga ko hamaze kubakwa umuyoboro wa Mirama-Birembo (Rwanda – Uganda), bategereje gusa ko Uganda nayo yubaka igice cyayo.

-Umuyoboro wa Karongi-Rubavu-Goma-Shyango-Karongi-Rubavu waruzuye 100%.

– Umuyoboro Goma-Shyango wari ugeze kuri 85% wuzura.

-Hari harakozwe kandi inyigo y’umuyoboro Kigoma – Huye – Ngozi – Gitega (Rwanda – Burundi) n’inyigo y’umuyoboro Rusumo – Shango (Tanzania – Rwanda).

 

Ingingo ya cyenda: Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’inkwi n’amakara

Ivuga ko mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, umubare w’abakoresha inkwi, ibyatsi n’ amakara uzagabanuka hakoreshwe ibicanwa bigezweho nka Gazi zo mu macupa (LPGs), Nyiramugengeri, biyogazi n’ibindi bisimbura inkwi; Hazitabwaho kandi gahunda yo gukoresha ingufu zisubira kandi zidahumanya ikirere;

Gahunda yo kubungabunga no kuzigama ingufu hakoreshwa urumuri rurondereza n’amaziko arondereza izafasha kuzigama ingufu, bikazatuma ingufu zikomoka ku bimera (biomass) zikoreshwa ubu zigabanuka zikava kuri 85 % zikagera kuri 55%.

-Ubu hari uruganda rubyaza amashanyarazi imirasire y’izuba rutanga MW 8.5 ruherereye mu Karere ka Rwamagana rubarwa mu nini cyane muri Africa.

-Ibigo nderabuzima 50 byahawe ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba

-Ibigo by’amashuri 300 nabyo bihabwa ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba

-Ingo 10 200 n’ibigo 81 byafashijwe kubona ingufu za Biyogazi

-Kompanyi z’abikorera nka Mobisol, Mesh Power, BBOX, Ignite n’izindi zafashinzwe ndetse zoroherezwa gushora imari mu bikorwa byo kugeza ku baturage batuye mu byaro umuriro ukomoka ku mirasire y’izuba.

-Mu gihugu hinjijwe amatara ya rondereza arenga 800,000 atangwa mu ngo zinyuranye mu rwego rwo kurondereza uhari, ndetse hajyaho n’ubukangurambaga bunyuranye bugamije gukangurira abantu gahunda z’amashanyarazi kuri bose kandi atangiza ibidukikije, nk’uko bigaragazwa na MINECOFIN.

Ingingo ya 10: Uruganda rukora Peteroli mubimera

Mu rwego rwo kongera ibikomoka kuri Peteroli no kugabanya ikiguzi cyabyo, mu 2010 Guverinoma yiyemeje kubaka uruganda rutanga Peteroli ituruka ku bimera (biofuel) ndetse n’umushinga wo kubyaza Gazi Metani Peteroli uzatangira;

Kubaka ibigega bibika ibikomoka kuri Peteroli byagombaga kongerwa bikagira ubushobozi bwo kuba Abanyarwanda babikoresha byibura amezi ane igihe habaye ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibikomoka kuri Peteroli.

-Ku bufatanye n’abikorera hubatswe ibigega bifite ubushobozi bwo kubika Meterokibe 74.

-Uruganda rutanga Peteroli ituruka ku bimera rwaratangijwe ariko ruza guhomba rufunga imiryango bidateye kabiri.

– Umushinga wo kubyaza Gazi Metani Peteroli uracyari inzozi, gusa hari ubushakashatsi n’inyingo zo gushaka Peteroli mu kiyaga cya Kivu uhuriweho n’u Rwanda na DR Congo.

 

Ingingo ya 11: Ubushakashatsi kuri Peteroli

Igaruka ku kongerera  ubushobozi  ibigo  bikora  ubushakashatsi kuri Peteroli na Mazutu ikomoka ku bihingwa; No gushishikariza abikorera gushora imali mu bushakashatsi bumaze gushyirwa ahagaragara.

-MINECOFIN ivuga ko Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya ‘IRST’ cyongerewe ubushobozi, ndetse ngo ubushakashatsi kuri Peteroli na Mazutu ikomoka ku bihingwa bukaba bukomeje.

-Ubushakashatsi niburangira ngo iryo koranabuhanga rizashyikirizwa abikorera babe aribo barishoramo imali.

-Hanashyizweho Kompanyi yitwa ‘Rwanda biodiesel company Ltd’ ihuriweho na Leta n’abikorera bose bagomba gufatanya mu gushyira mu bikorwa uyu uyu mushinga.

 

Ingingo ya 12: Kugeza amazi meza ku baturage 100%

Iyi ngingo igaruka ku rwego rw’amazi n’isukura, aha Guverinoma yiyemeje kuzamura umubare w’Abanyarwanda bakoresha amazi meza ukagera ku 100 % muri iyi gahunda yahereye mu 2010.

By’umwihariko, isoko ya Mutobo igatunganywa mu rwego rwo kugeza amazi meza ahagije mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Abafite ibikorwa by’isukura bikozwe neza bakava kuri 45 % bagere ku 100 % muri 2017.

-Muri Mutarama 2017, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe gukwirakwiza amazi, isuku n’isukura (WASAC) cyatangaje ko imibare y’abafite amazi meza yari kuri 85% ku rwego rw’igihugu, bakaba kuri 90% mu mijyi na 84% mu byaro.

– Ubushakashatsi ku mibereho y’ingo n’abaturage (EICV4) bwagaragaje ko igipimo cy’isukura  kiri kuri 83.4 %, ibipimo bishobora kuba byariyongereye kuko hashize imyaka hafi itatu bukozwe.

Ibipimo bigenderwaho ubu, biteganyako umuryango ufite amazi meza ari uwuyafite murugo cyangwa utuye muri metero zitarenze 200 uvuye aho ushobora kubona amazi meza.

Gusa, muri gahunda y’isi y’iterambere rirambye (Sustainable Development Goals) iki gipimo cyarahindutse, ubu ufite amaze meza agomba kuba ayafite iwe murugo, hagendewe kuri iki gipimo u Rwanda ruri munsi ya 50%.

 

Ingingo ya 13: Gucunga neza imitungo ya Leta

Iyi ngingo yo igaruka ku gufata neza umutungo wa Leta muri rusange.

– Mu 2015, hashyizweho uburyo bwo gukusanya amakuru no kugenera agaciro ubutaka n’imitungo ya Guverinoma yose yimuka n’itimukanwa.

 

Ingingo ya 14: Gukomeza iteganyagihe

Ivuga ku kongerera ubushobozi Serivisi y’Igihugu y’Iteganyagihe igahabwa abakozi bafite ubushobozi, ibikoresho bigezweho kandi bikoresha ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo ishobore gufasha Abanyarwanda b’ingeri zitandukanye mu mirimo yabo ya buri munsi cyane cyane abakora imirimo y’ubuhinzi.

-Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Iteganyagihe ‘Rwanda Meteorology Agency (RMA)’ cyakuwe muri Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo (MININFRA) kijyanwa muri Minisiteri y’Umututungo kamere (MINIRENA) kugira ngo cyongererwe ubushobozi.

-Iki kigo cyahawe ‘radar system (Maranyundo weather Radar)’ nshya, ngo byafashije mu gukurikirana ibicu n’umutekano w’indege.

-Ubu amakuru y’iteganyagihe y’iki kigo agezwa ku banyarwanda binyuze mu bitangazamakuru binyuranye n’imbuga nkoranyambaga.

 

Ingingo ya 15: Kongerera ubushobozi inzego

Iyi ngingo igaruka ku kongera ubushobozi mu nzego (sectors) zitandukanye zirimo iz’amazi, isuku n’isukura, ubwikorezi, ingufu, gazi, imitunganyirize y’imijyi, n’ibindi.

-MINECOFIN yavugaga ko hari abantu bagera kuri 52,146 barahuguwe, n’abandi 24,020 bari bakiri guhugurwa mu gukotegura no gukirikirana imishinga yo kubaka imihanda ya Gariya Moshi, kubaka Ibiraro n’imihanda, kwita ku mazi, iby’indege no gutwara abantu, n’ibindi binyuranye.

Muri iyi manda y’imyaka irindwi, hari ibikorwaremezo ibindi byinshi byagiye byubakwa bitari biteganyijwe muri iyi gahunda ya Guverinoma y’imyaka 7.

Soma inkuru iheruka: Kuri Manda ya II P. Kagame yageze ku ntego mu ‘Ubucuruzi, Inganda, n’Ubukerarugendo’?

Vénuste KAMANZI
UM– USEKE.RW