Kurahura ubwenge i Burayi byafasha Africa kwihaza mu biribwa – Abari mu nama i Kigali

Mu nama ya karindwi yiga ku ikoranabuhanga mu kuzamura ubuhinzi muri Africa mu rwego rwo gufasha mu kwihaza mu biribwa, inama y’abashakashatsi bahuriye muri FARA (Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa) yatangiye ku wa mbere i Kigali, abayirimo ku munsi wa kabiri wayo baganiriye ku cyakorwa ngo ubuhinzi butere imbere, aho bamwe basanga kujya kwiga ikoranabuhanga i Burayi byazafasha Africa kwihaza mu biribwa.

Ku munsi wayo wa kabiri tariki ya 14 Kamena 2016, iyi nama izarangira kuri uyu wa kane, yatanzwemo ibiganiro bitatu, icyavugaga ku ku buryo bwo gushora imari mu buhinzi (Buziness models), ikindi cyo ku Umusaruro urambye (Sustainable productivity) n’icyavugaga ku Gutegura ubutaka (Land preparation).

Hatanzwe urugero ku gihingwa cy’umuceri, nk’igihingwa kiboneka henshi muri Afurika. Abagize AfricaRice (Africa Rice Center), kimwe mu bigo mpuzamahanga ku buhinzi n’ubushakashatsi basobanuye byinshi mu byakibanzweho mu gushora imari kuri iki gihingwa.

Umuceri nyafurika ngo wakongererwa umusaruro, ubwiza bwawo ndetse no kunoza ibiciro byawo ku isoko mpuzamahanga hafatwa ingamba mu kuwongerera agaciro igihe uhingwa unagemurwa ku isoko.

Uburyo bwo gukoresha amafumbire, kuhira imyaka no gushaka imashini zifashishwa mu kugemura umusaruro w’umuceri ku masoko ngo ni inkingi ikomeye yafasha Afurika kuwongerera agaciro no kwihaza.

Dr. Adama Traoré umuyobozi wa AfricaRice, ikigo gikora ubushakashatsi ku buhinzi bw’umuceri muri Africa, ati: “Afurika niyihaza mu biribwa, izaboneraho no kunoza ibijyanye no kwagura amasoko mpuzamahanga ihereye ku gihingwa cy’umuceri kiboneka henshi.”

Ibi kandi ngo byagerwaho hitawe ku ikoranabuhanga mu guhindura umusaruro w’umucerimo ibindi nkenerwa nk’ibyo kunywa, ibihugu by’Uburayi bifite inganda zihindura umusaruromo ibindi bintu bityo bikaba byafasha Afurika nk’uko byavuzwe kenshi muri iyi nama ko ubushakashatsi bushobora guteza imbere ubuhinzi.

AfricaRice ifite icyicaro i Cotonou muri Benin ikorero no mu bihugu bya Nigeria, Senegal na Tanzania, yijeje Afurika ubufasha bwose mu kunoza imibanire n’ibihugu by’Uburayi mu rwego rwo kongerera agaciro umuceri nyafurika no kwihaza.

Bamwe mu nzobere ziri mu nama y’i Kigali babona hakorwa iki ngo ubuhinzi buzamuke muri Africa?

Dr Paul Houssou  umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi mu buhinzi muri Benin (Institut de Recherche Agricole du Benin) yatangarije Umuseke ku munsi wa mbere w’inama ko yaje nk’umushakashatsi ariko unakorera mu cyaro ubuhinzi, avuga ko yunze mu ry’umuyobozi wa Banki nyafurika itsura Amajyambere Dr Akinwumi Adesina, wafunguye iyi nama ari kumwe na Minisitiri w’Intebe Anastase Murekezi, ngo uyu mugabane ufite byose kugira ngo wihaze mu biribwa.

Ati “Africa ifite ubutaka bwera, ifite amazi yafasha mu kuhira imyaka, hari abahanga babikora ariko iracyatumiza ibiribwa, ikintu kitari cyiza. Ku bw’ibyo hakwiye ko Africa ikanguka kugira ngo ibashe kubyaza umusaruro imbaraga zose zihari, kugira ngo ihaze abaturage ba Africa.”

Dr Houssou avuga ko hakwiye ko Africa ihaza abaturage bayo mu biribwa kubera ko ngo gutumiza ibiribwa kenshi bitanga akazi mu bihugu bitumizwamo ibyo biribwa.

Ati “Hakwiye gutezwa imbere ubuhinzi bwacu, hagahangwa akazi. Ubutumwa ni uko za Minisiteri z’Imari zigomba kugenera imari ihagije ubuhinzi kugira ngo butere imbere hagabanuke ubukene, Africa yihaze mu biribwa.”

Avuga ko muri Africa ubuhinzi bwakomeje gukoreshwa n’isuka n’abasekuruza, ariko ngo ubu hari ibikoresho bigezweho bwakoreshwa mu kongera umusaruro no guhinga ubutaka bunini.

Ati “Uburyo gakondo bwo guhinga muri Africa, bwakoreshejwe igihe kinini ariko bubuza gukora cyane ngo haboneke ibiribwa bihagije ku baturage ba Africa biyongera uko bwije n’uko bukeye. Ubu buryo gakondo bwonyine ntibwabasha kubona umusaruro uhagije, ubushakshatsi mu buhinzi buzafasha ko umusaruro wiyongera ariko ukaba ari na mwiza.”

Prof Barry B. Hughes (Professor and Director Pardee Center for International Futures)  ni umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Denver muri Colorado muri America na we ari muri iyi nama y’i Kigali, avuga ko Africa igomba gukoresha ubushakshatsi n’ikoranabuhanga kubera ko ngo nibwo buryo bwonyine bwo kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi.

Avuga ko ibyo bireba imbaraga n’ubushake bw’inzego zinyuranye, bihereye ku miryango mpuzamahanga na Banki nyafuri Itsura Amajyambere, abashakashatsi nka FARA, CAADP na NEPAD byose ngo bigomba kugira ubushake mu iterambere ry’ubuhinzi.

Urundi rwego ni Guverinoma z’ibihugu na zo ngo zigomba kwiyumvamo ubwo bushake, Kaminuza n’ibigo by’ubushakshatsi na byo bigomba kubigiramo uruhare, n’inzego zishinzwe kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi (Agriculture Extension Agencies), n’abahinzi ubwabo.

Ati “Haramutse habayeho ubwo bufatanye yaba ari intambwe ikomeza Africa yaba iteye.”

Prof Barry Hughes avuga ko nta na kimwe gikwiye kuba icy’ibanze hagati y’ishoramari no kwigisha ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, ngo ahubwo hari ibigomba gukorerwa rimwe bikajyana.

Ati “Nabivuze, bigomba gukorerwa ku nzego zose, ku bihingwa bitandukanye, ku baterankunga batandukanye bikorera, mu gutubura imbuto, mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga (biotechnology). Nibaza ko ubutubuzi bw’imbuto bukwiye gukoreshwa muri Africa, korora amatungo no guha umuhinzi iby’ibanze mu bushakshatsi bukorerwa ku rwego rwa Kaminuza, kuko umuhinzi ni umushakashatsi na we ubwe, umuhinzi buri mwaka atekereza uko yahinga akazamura umusaruro we n’uko yakoresha neza amafaranga ye. Ikoranabuhanga zi irya Kaminuza n’Abarimu gusa, na Guverinoma ahubwo ni iya buri wese.”

UMUBYEYI Nadine Evelyne & HATANGIMANA Ange Eric
UM– USEKE.RW