Inama za Amb Idro Phillip ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi muri Africa

*Muri Africa ubuhinzi bwaho bugomba gukorwa hagendewe ku bushobozi buhari (atari ukwigana Amarika n’Uburayi),

*Ntabwo tuzakomeza gushingira ku musaruro w’umugore uhingisha isuka, atwite, anashoreye umwana kandi yonsa undi,

*Tugomba kumva ko umusaruro w’ibyacu aritwe tugomba kuwugura, (gukunda ibyo dukora),

*Abenshi bahitamo kwinywera inzoga ugasanga aborozi bafite amata barahombye, kandi abana bayakeneye, ariko ngo amata nta bakiliya agira.

*Muri Uganda imodoka nziza zo kugendamo ni 800 000, imashini zihinga ni 5000 gusa, habaye hari imashini zihinga 100 000 buri wese yabona akazi. Mu Rwanda sinzi uko imibare ihagaze.

Amb. Phillip Idro, afite impamyabumenyi mu bijyanye n’Ubukungu (Economics) yanize Iterambere ry’Icyaro (Rural Development) ndetse yabaye Ambasaderi wa Uganda mu Bushinwa. Uyu mugabo ufite uruganda rutunganya umuceri n’ibigori rwitwa Upland Rice Millers Co.Ltd, ruri ahitwa Jinja muri Uganda, asanga ubuhinzi muri Africa butejwe imbere bwabyara amafaranga, ariko imyumvire kuri Leta n’abahinzi muri Africa biri hasi.

Amb Phillip yagiranye ikiganiro n’Umuseke mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi (tariki 9Ukuboza 2015) ubwo yari yaje mu nama igamije guteza imbere ibinyampeke yateguwe n’Umuryango ushinzwe guteza imbere ibi bihingwa muri Africa y’Iburasirazuba (Eastern Africa Grain Council, EAGC).

Uyu mugabo agira ati “Ndi umwe mu bashishikariza abantu guhinga umuceri muri aka karere ka Africa y’Iburasirazuba, kuko dutumiza umuceri mwinshi hanze.

Dushobora guhinga umuceri wacu abantu bakabona amafaranga. Ubu ntabwo tukiri mu myaka ya 2008 aho umugabane wa Aziya utari ufite umuceri uhagije bakareka kuwucuruza hanze, umutekano w’ibiribwa no kurema ubushobozi muri Afrika ni ingenzi kuri jyewe.”

Amb Phillip akomeza vuga ko kuri we uburyo (concept) bwo guteza imbere ubuhinzi butumvwa neza na buri wese, haba Leta n’abaturage. Aho ngo niho hari ikibazo. Leta yonyine ngo siyo ifite amakosa, n’abantu bakora mu buhinzi barayafite.

Agira ati “Ndavuga ibi kuko dukeneye kwemera uko tumeze kandi tugakora muri ubwo buryo dufite aho gutekereza gufata ibintu by’i Burayi tukabyigana. Mbere na mbere niba dukeneye kugura ibikoresho nk’imashini zihinga kuko ziruta isuka, bitewe n’uko dufite abahinzi bakiri batoya, ntushobora kujya kugura izo mashini z’ubuhinzi nk’izo mu Bwongereza cyangwa muri Amerika.

Ugomba kugura imashini ntoya wenda mu Buyapani, mu Butaliyani cyangwa mu Buhinde, izo twita (working tractors) (imashini zo kwifashisha). Izo nazo zabanzirizwa na Ox plow (inka zihinga), icyo gihe ox plow imwe yazafasha mu kugura imashini ntoya, nyuma ukazagura inini.”

Ku bwe ngo ubwo nibwo buryo bwiza bwo kugera ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi, mu gihe wifuza kuzamura umusaruro.

Agira ati “Sinibaza ko dukwiye guhera ku kuzamura umusaruro, nkeka ko hakwiye kuzamura imyumvire (conception) mbere na mbere.”

Ati “Tunywa inzoga nyinshi kuruta uko tunywa amata. Ababyeyi ni bo bagura izo nzoga, bagombye kugura amata bagaha abana aho gushyira imbere inzoga, ni cyo kimwe na Fanta (Ntonto). Uko ni ko kuri gutandukanye n’uguhari, kuko igihe twaba tunywa amata menshi nk’uko tunywa inzoga, uruganda rutunganya amata ruzahita rubona abakiliya benshi, none ntituyanywa twarangiza tukavuga ko nta bantu bayakeneye. Ibyo nibyo? Siko mbibona, hari benshi bakeneye amata ariko tunywa inzoga kuruta uko tunywa amata, tunywa coca cola kuruta uko tunywa amata, niyo mpamvu aborozi babura amafaranga.”

Muri Africa imodoka nziza zo kugendamo zirusha agaciro imashini zo guhinga

Uyu mugabo avuga ko ahenshi muri Africa abantu badashora amafaranga mu kugura imashini zifashishwa mu buhinzi, iyo na yo ngo ni imbogamizi.

Agira ati “Ikindi mvuga ni uko abenshi muri twebwe, tunezezwa no kwigurira imodoka nziza zo kugendamo aho kugura imashini zifashishwa mu buhinzi.

Sinzi imibare y’imodoka uko imeze mu Rwanda, ariko iwacu (Uganda) dufite imodoka ibihumbi 800 ariko dufite imashini zihinga 5000 gusa.

Nzi ko umuntu ashatse kugura imashini ihinga yashobora kuyigura, nzi ko muri Uganda tubaye dufite imashini zihinga ibihumbi 100, buri wese yabona akazi, ariko uyu munsi ibyo ducuruza hanze ni ibyahinzwe n’umugore, ku isuka ntoya, umugore ahetse umwana, atwite cyangwa ashoreye umwana ibyo nibyo tujyana hanze, biteye isoni.

Niba ibyo tujyana hanze bizaba ibitoki, ibishyimbo, bihingwa n’umugore muto cyangwa ukuze, kandi twagombye gukoresha imashini zihinga, murumva ko amakosa atari Leta natwe abahanga mu buhinzi dufite ikibazo. Niyo mpamvu ubuhinzi budatera imbere kuko ntabwo bukorwa uko bikwiye (not efficient).

Imibare itariyo y’umusaruro igira uruhare mu gusubiza inyuma ubuhinzi

Phillip Idro agira ati “Ikibazo gihari nta muntu ureba uko imibare iteye ngo atange amakuru nyayo, dukeneye ko amakuru amenyekana, abantu bakagira icyo bakora, abantu bakagira intego. Ikibazo gikomeye muri Africa abantu ntibagira intego.”

Avuga ko nta masomo yihariye u Rwanda rwakura kuri Uganda kuko byose ari ibihugu bikizamuka mu buhinzi, ariko akabona ko kongera umusaruro bikwiye gukorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.

Ati “U Rwanda na Uganda byose biracyazamuka mu buhinzi, ariko ikimbabaza ni umusaruro ukiri mukeya, umuhinzi yeza T 1,5 kugera kuri T 2 ariko ahandi bafite umusaruro wa T 5 kuri Ha 1, birashoboka ko twakoresha ubumenyi dukuye ahandi tukeza kuko mu Bushinwa ntabwo abahinzi baba bafite ubutaka nk’ubw’Abanyarwanda ariko bafite umusaruro wo hejuru.”

Jackson Munyaneza ukora muri Banki mu Rwanda asanga banki zatanga inguzanyo mu buhinzi

Munyaneza ukorera Equity Bank, imwe mu zifasha abahinzi mu Rwanda kubona inguzanyo. Avuga ko ubuhinzi budateze gutera imbere igihe banki zitabigiramo uruhare.

Ku bwe ngo Banki zikwiye gushyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gukurikirana inguzanyo zitangwa mu buhinzi, hakajyaho ishami rishyinzwe inguzanyo mu buhinzi, bagakurikirana umuhinzi kuva yaka inguzanyo, agahinga kugeza isaruye.

Ibyo ngo byagabanya ibihombo (risks) zivugwa mu mishinga y’ubuhinzi, aho abanyamabanki bakunda kuvuga ko gushora mu buhinzi nta cyizere ko ayo mafaranga aba azagaruka.

HATANGIMANA Ange Eric
UM– USEKE.RW