Ikibazo cy’Ubugereki; Ingaruka n’isomo kuri Africa….

Ubugereki ni igihugu cy’i Burayi kigizwe n’uturwa twinshi dutataniye mu Nyanja yitwa Egée. Kuva mu kinyejana cya gatanu mbere ya Yesu,/Yezu Ubugereki bwabaye igihugu gifite ijambo mu by’umuco, igisirikare ndetse n’ububanyi n’amahanga mu gace buherereyemo ndetse no hanze yabwo. Uyu munsi ariko bugeramiwe n’imyeenda, ibibazo bikomeye mu bukungu n’ubukene mu bagituye. Ingaruka z’ikibazo cy’ubugereki zishobora no kugera kuri Africa. Abahanga nka Dr Kaberuka batanga kandi isomo Africa ikwiye kuvanamo.

Kugeza ubu bakoresha ifaranga rya Euro n’ubwo bishoboka cyane ko barireka mu gihe kiri imbere.

Kubera umwenda igihugu cy’Ubugereki gifitiye Ikigega mpuzamahanga cy’imari FMI ungana na miliyari y’ama Euro(1billion €), kandi kikaba cyarananiwe kwishyura kubera ubukungu bwifashe nabi cyane cyane mu ba banki, ubu ubukungu bw’Ubugereki bugeze aharindimuka.

Mu rwego rwo  kugabanya uyu mwenda, abategetsi basabye abaturage kwemera kwizirika umukanda kugira ngo Leta ibone uko yazagenda yishyura gahoro gahoro ariko abaturage barabyanga.

Muri Kamarampaka yabaye ku cyumweru gishize, kugira ngo abaturage bahitemo uburyo bumva ikibazo cyakemuka, bahisemo gutora OYA , banga kwizirika umukanda.

Ingaruka zizaba izihe kuri aya mahitamo y’abaturage?

Ubugereki buri mu bihugu bikoresha ifaranga rya Euro, kubera ko FMI ishyirwamo amafaranga na byinshi muri ibi bihugu cyane cyane ibikomeye nk’Ubudage, Ubwongereza n’Ubufaransa, ibihugu by’Uburayi byahuye n’ikibazo cyo kwemera niba byafasha Ubugereki kwishyura cyangwa niba byabureka bukirwariza.

Habaye impaka zikomeye hagati y’ibihugu nk’Ubudage n’Ubwongereza aho Angel Merkel yasabaga ko aho kugira ngo Ubugereki bukomeze bube umutwaro ku burayi bukoresha ifaranga rya Euro, ibyiza ari uko bwakwigendera bukavamo, ariko David Cameron we agasanga byaba ari ugutakaza umunyamuryango bityo bikaba intandaro yo gusenyuka k’Uburayi na Zone Euro.

Mu cyumweru gishize Ubugereki ntibwabashije gukurikiza igihe ntarengwa cyo kwishyura FMI bityo banki zabwo zirafunga, abturage bakuramo utwo bari bakibikijemo.

Kubera ko banki zifunze kandi Ubugereki bukaba bwakoreshaga ifaranga rya Euro, birashoboka cyane ko bwafatirwa umwanzuro wo kwirukanwa muri iyi zone.

Kimwe mu cyatumye  Abagereki banga gutora YEGO ngo n’uko abandi banyaburayi bashakaga ko uyu mukanda bawizirika uko Abanyaburayi babishaka ariko abandi barabyanga.

Mu yandi magambo, Abanyaburayi bifuzaga ko Abagereki bagabanya ibyo bakoresha mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi, haba ku biribwa, ibinyobwa, ingufu…. n’ibindi.

Abagereki bo bifuza ko bakomeza kubaho uko basanzwe bariho hanyuma Leta ikongeera imisoro aho kugira ngo abaturage ba giseseka babeho nabi.

Ishyaka Syriza ritavuga rumwe  na Leta ryabashije kumvisha abaturage ko nta mpamvu yo gutora YEGO ngo bicwe n’inzara kandi umwenda warafashwe na Leta. Ubugereki butuwe n’abaturage miliyoni 11.

Leta yasabaga abaturage kwizirika umukanda, aba nabo bagaragaje ko ibyo bidashoboka batora OYA

Harakurikiraho iki?

Abahanga bamwe bavuga ko ubu amahanga agiye kureba niba Abagereki bazabasha guhangana n’ingaruka zo gutora OYA.

Haribazwa niba ibihugu byo muri Aziya biziyemeza gufasha Ubugereki gukomeza kubaho uko bubishaka butari  kumwe n’abandi bagize Zone Euro.

Igitangaje muri ibi byose ni uko mu by’ukuri Abagereki badashaka kuva muri Euro Zone, ariko nanone abandi banyaburayi ntibifuze kugumana n’igihugu kibahombya.

Ikinyamakuru The Washington Post kivuga ko banki z’Uburayi nizanga guha banki z’Ubugereki amafaranga zikeneye bizasaba ko Ubugereki buhitamo inzira ebyiri.

Ku ruhande rumwe izi banki zishobora kuguza abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa se zikayikorera(amafaranga).

Kuri uyu wa kabiri biteganyijwe  ko hari bube inama hagati y’ibihugu bya Euro Zone ngo barebe uko baganira kuri iki kibazo.

Niba Ubugereki buhisemo gukomeza gukorana n’ibihugu bigize Euro Zone, bizabusaba kumvira andi mabwiriza yo gukemura kiriya kibazo.

Haribazwa niba kandi Ubugereki buzakora amafaranga yabwo akabasha guteza imbere ubukungu bwabwo nk’uko bimeze k’u Bwongereza?

Za banki zikomeye nka JP Morgan Chase na Barclays Bank zamaze kuvuga ko ziteguye kubona Ubugereki buva muri Euro Zone kuko bubahombya.

Umuhanga witwa Joseph Gagnon wo mu kigo the Peterson Institute for International Economics, yamaze gushyiraho icyo yise  the “GREXIT” bivuze ko hari uburyo bugaragara bwerekana ko  Uburayi butakomeza gukorana n’Ubugereki kandi bubuhombya.

Niba ibihugu bya Euro Zone bishobora kwemera kugumana n’Ubugereki ku rundi ruhande bigomba kwemera kubwishyurira iriya miliyari yama Euro.

Abantu bateze amaso Ubudage ngo barebe niba buzemera ko Ubugereki buguma muri Euro Zone cyane cyane ko Ubudage aricyo gihugu cya mbere gikize mu Burayi kandi gicunga neza cyane imikoreshereze y’ifaranga rya Euro naho ubukungu bw’Ubugereki bukaba bufite 2% gusa y’ubukungu bwose bw’Uburayi.

Imyenda mike y’Ubudage ndetse n’inyungu bukura mu kohereza ibintu hanze bishobora kuba impamvu ikomeye yatuma butemerera ibindi bihugu nk’Ubwongereza (bwo butaba muri Euro zone) n’Ubufaransa bishobora kwanga ko Ubugereki bwava muri Euro zone bishingiye ku mateka y’Uburayi muri rusange n’icyubahiro cyabwo.

Uko byagenda kose ariko ijambo ry’Ubudage muri iki kibazo riraremereye.

Ubugereki nicyo gihugu gifite abashomeri benshi.

Hari abavuga ko biterwa n’imiterere y’igihugu (reba uko twanditse hejuru mu ntangiriro) igora abaturage kugera mu bindi bihugu. Hari n’abandi bavuga ko bigora ibindi bihugu kwakira abakozi b’Abagereki kubera gukemanga ubushobozi bwabo ndetse no kwanga ko ibibazo bya Politiki biba iwabo babikongeza abaturage ba biriya bihugu.

Ejo kuwa mbere uwahoze ari Minisitiri w’Imari w’Ubugereki Yanis Varoufakis  yareguye abwira BBC ko abikoze kugira ngo ahe abandi uburyo ngo barebe niba bo babonera igisubizo ikibazo Ubugereki bufite.

Bivugwa ko Banki z’Ubugereki zisigaranye amafaranga yo gukoresha mu minsi itarenze icyenda (9).

Ingaruka n’isomo kuri Africa

Kubera iki kibazo kiri mu bihugu by’Uburayi, birashoboka cyane ko ibihugu byo muri Africa bishobora guhura n’ikibazo cyo kudahabwa amafaranga runaka yo gukoresha mu ngengo y’imari byemerewe na biriya bihugu bya Euro Zone.

Ntawamenya niba amafaranga Ububiligi, Ubuholandi n’ibindi bihugu biherutse  kwanga guha u Burundi yari kubufasha gutegura amatora byaratewe koko n’uko Pierre Nkurunziza yatsimbaraye ku ukwiyamamaza cyangwa niba byaratewe n’ubukungu bw’Uburayi budahagaze neza kubera  ibibazo twabonye haruguru.

Uretse ikibazo c’Ubugereki, Abanyaburayi bafatanyije n’Abanyamerika batarebana neza n’Uburusiya. Buri ruhande ruracungana n’ubukungu bwarwo kuko nizo mbaraga ziyoboye isi.

Mu minsi ishize Uburusiya buherutse kwemeza ko butazaha Ukraine Gas yo kwifashisha mu gihe cy’ubukonje  aha Uburusiya bwangaga ko Ukraine yazagurisha uyu mwuka ku bindi bihugu by’Uburayi.

Ubutaliyani bufite ikibazo cy’abimukira bamwe bagwa mu nyanja bashaka kujya gushaka imibereho myiza mu Burayi. Ubutaliyani kandi nabwo bugeramiwe n’ibibazo by’ubukungu, kimwe na Espagne.

Abimukira babashije kugera mu Butaliyani ubu bikekwako baba bihishwemo n’abarwanyi b’Umutwe Islamic State wemeza ko wageze i Roma .

Ibi byose n’ibindi tutanditse byerekana ko ibibazo Uburayi bufite bizagira ingaruka ku Burayi bwose ndetse no kuri Africa byanze bikunze.

Dr Donald Kaberuka inzobere mu bukungu mpuzamahanga aherutse gutangaza ko ikibazo kiri mu Bugereki ari isomo kuri Africa ryo kubaka ubukungu buhamye bushingiye ku ishoramari ry’imishinga mito n’iciriritse .

Dr Kaberuka yagize ati “ (Africa) iguze yitonze, ikoreshe neza ayo ihawe.”

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW