Golda: Umugore wahoreye abakinnyi b'Abayahudi bishwe n’ibyihebe mu 1972

Golda Meir ni umugore wakoze imirimo myinshi mu gihugu cye cya Israel. Yabaye Minisitiri  w’intebe wa mbere w’umugore, yitabye Imana muri 1978. Golda yakoze imirimo myinshi muri Leta yamenyekanye cyane mu 1972 ubwo ibyihebe by’Abanyepalestine byagabaga igitero muri Hoteli yari icumbikiye abakinnyi b’umukino ngororamubiri i Munich bari mu mikino Olempiki bicamo 11. Abakoze ibi, Golda yategetse ko bashakishwa umwe ku wundi bakicwa. Dore uko babigezeho…..

Mbere yo y’iki gitero cy’ibyihebe no kwihimura kwa Israel ku babikoze reka duehre kuri amwe mu mateka yaranze uriya mugore udasanzwe Golda Meir.

Golda Mabovitch waje kwitwa Golda Meir, yavukiye i Kiev muri Ukraine, mu mudugudu wari utuyemo Abayahudi ku italiki ya 3 Werurwe 1898. Yari afite abavandimwe barindwi ariko ngo yakundaga cyane uwitwaga Sheyna witabye Imana muri 1972 nk’uko Meir yabyanditse.

Muri 1903, Se witwaga Blume  yarabasize ajya gushaka imibereho i New York muri USA. Abana bahisemo kujya kwibanira nabo mu muryango wa Nyina babaga ahitwa Pinsk.

Imyaka ibiri nyuma, Blume yimukiye ahandi hitwa Milwaukee, muri Wisconsin  aho yabonye akazi keza n’amafaranga menshi byaje gutuma azana abana be muri USA ngo babane.

Ku myaka 14 y’amavuko, yakomereje mu ishuri North Division High School  ariko nyina yifuzaga ko Golda areka ishuri agashaka umugabo ariko uyu yarabyanze.

Golda abonye ko Nyina amwokeje igitutu, yahisemo kumucika ajya kwibanira na mukuru we Sheyna n’umugabo we.

Kwa Sheyna bakundaga kuganira no kujya impaka ku bintu bitandukanye byaberaga ku Isi, ariko bagatinda ku bitekerezo byerekana inkomoko y’Abayahudi n’impamvu batatanye ku Isi n’icyakorwa ngo bagarukire hamwe ku butaka Imana yabasezeranyije ibyo abahanga bita Zionism.

Mu mujyi wa Denver aho bari batuye, Golda yaje gukundana ndetse ashakana n’umuyahudi  Morris Meyerson wakoraga umwuga wo gushushanya ku byapa.

Mbere y’uko abana na Morris, Golda yasabye umugabo we ko bazakora uko bashoboye kose bagatura  muri Palestine. Yifuzaga ko Abayahudi bose aho bari ku Isi bazataha iwabo (ibyo bita Aliyah, mu Giheburayo).

Muri 1921 intambara y’isi irangiye neza, Golda n’umugabo we ndetse na mukuru we Sheyna bimukiye muri Palestine, aho yakoze imirimo myinshi, bikaza gutuma ahabwa inshingano zo guhagararira Abayahudi mu mudugudu wabo (ibyo bitaga kibbutz).

Imyaka itatu nyuma baje kwimukira muri Tel Aviv aho bavuye bajya i Jerusalem  bo n’abana babo Menachem and Sarah. Muri 1928, Meir yatorewe kuba Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’inama y’Abakozi b’abagore b’abanya Israel babaga muri Palestine.

Ibi byatumye amara imyaka yoreherejwe muri USA gushaka uko imiryango y’Abayahudi itaha igasubira i Yeruzalemu.

Afatanyije na bagenzi be barimo David Ben Gourion, bakusanyije amafaranga miliyoni 50 z’amadolari y’Amerika yo kugurira intwato ingabo za Leta nshya ya Israel bari bamaze gushyirwaho muri 1948, nyuma yo kuza gutura muri Palestine bakagenda bagura ubutaka bwabo buhoro buhoro.

Mu italiki  ya 10 Gicurasi 1948, mbere iminsi ine ngo Leta nshya ya Israel ibeho, Golda yagiye kubonana n’Umwami wa Jordania Abudallah yiyoberanyije, yambaye nk’Umwarabukazi.

Uyu mubonano wari ugamije gusaba ko Jordania itazifatanya n’ibindi bihugu by’Abarabu mu rugamba byateguraga kuri Israel nimara kubona ubwigenge nk’uko ubutasi bwa Israel bwari bubifitiye amakuru.

Ni igikorwa gihambaye buri wese yibajije ubutwari n’ubushobozi yagikoranye. Ku italiki ya 14 Gicurasi 1948, abantu 24 barimo Golda Meir basinye urwandiko rwemeza ko hagiyeho Igihugu cya Israel(Israel Declaration of Independence) muri Leta ya Palestine.

Bukeye bwaho, ibihugu by’Abarabu birimo Misiri, Syria, Libani, Transjordan na Iraq byateye Israel. Israel ibifashijwemo inshuti zayo za USA n’Ubwongereza yakubise inshuro abanzi bayo, iboneraho no kwagura  ubutaka bwayo.

Golda Meir nyuma yakoze ibikorwa bitandukanye muri Leta ya Israel maze aza no kugirwa Minisitiri w’intebe wa kane w’iyi Leta nshya. Niwe mugore wa mbere kandi wenyine kugeza ubu wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Leta ya Parestine.

Guhora kudasanzwe kw’uyu mugore

Igihe yuzuzaga inshingano ze muri iyi Minisiteri, abakinnyi basiganwa ku maguru bo mu gihugu cye bari bitabiriye imikino Olimpiki yaberega i Munich mu Budage bagabweho igitero n’ibyihebe by’Abanyepalestine byari mu itsinda The Black September, byicamo abakinnyi11.

Golda Meir yafashe umwanzuro ko abantu bose bagize uruhare ruziguye cyangwa rutaziguye mu rupfu rw’aba bakinnyi aho bari hose n’icyo bizasaba cyose kigomba gutangwa nabo bakicwa umwe ku wundi.

Mossad yabimufashijemo. Yategetse urwego rw’ubutasi rwa Israel Mossad guhiga bukware abishe bariya bakinnyi aho bari hose ku Isi bitabaye ngombwa ko amahanga bahungiyemo abimenyeshwa.

Meir yateranyije abakuru b’ingabo bashyiraho itsinda ry’aba maneko bakomeye bategekwa guhiga abicanyi bose aho bari barahungiye mu Burayi.

Bamwe mu bagize uruhare mu kwica ibyihebe by’i Munich bavuga ko Israel yabikoreye guca umuco wo kumva ko wakwica umuntu ukigendera gutyo gusa ntawe ubikubajije cyangwa ngo ubihanirwe.

Gen Aharon Yariv niwe washinze  itsinda ryiswe Committee  X ari nayo yakoze Operation bise The Wrath of God (Umujinya w’Imana). Undi musirikare mukuru wari muri iyi Operation ni Gen Ehud Barak waje no kuba Minisitiri w’intebe nyuma.

Mossad yatangiye gukusanya amakuru kuri buri cyihebe kandi Golda yamenyeshwaga uko ibintu bimeze ingingo ku yindi. Ali Hassan Salameh niwe wari ukuriye ibi byihebe.

Ba maneko ba Mosassad ku Isi hose bayihaga amakuru ashoboka ku bagize The Black September, bakabamenyesha aho bakura amafaranga n’ubwoko bw’intwaro batunze.

Ibanga Mossad yakoresheje ni uko yabashije gutuma bamwe mu nshuti z’abari muri Black September bemera gukorana nayo bakayiha  amakuru nkenerwa mu bikorwa byayo.

Uyu murimo ngo niwo ugora cyane ba maneko kugira ngo bagere ku makuru kuko imitwe nk’iyi iba ikeka amababa buri wese kandi ikorera mu matsinda mato.

Mossad yohereje amatsinda mato mu mijyi yose y’Uburayi kugira ngo bakorereyo kandi bakore bigenga bitabaye ngombwa ko bahabwa ubufasha na Leta ya Israel.

Mu Ukwakira 1972, Itsinda rya mbere ry’aba maneko ba Mosassad ryageze i Roma guhiga uwitwa Wael Zwaiter  wakoraga akazi ko gusemura (translation) kuri Ambasade ya Libya. Yiberaga mu mutuzo mu nzu yitwa Piazza Annabaliano.

Mosassad yari ifite amakuru ko uyu mugabo yari mu itsinda ryashakiye ibikoresho abicanyi bo muri Black September. Nimugoroba atashye avuye ku kazi, Wael Zwaiter   yahuye n’umugabo wamwikinze hafi y’iwe amurasa amasasu 11 mu gituza, ahita yiruka aracika.

Ibisigazwa by’amasasu byaturaguwe na Polisi birasuzumwa  basanga ari imbunda ikoreshwa na Mosassad yamurashe.

Golda yahise amenyeshwa ko uwa mbere kuri ‘Liste’ ndende yishwe.Asaba ko uwo murimo ukomeza uko byagenda kose. Mu Ukuboza 1972, umwe mu bagize itsinda rya Mossad ryakoreraga i Paris mu Bufaransa yinjiye mu biro bya Dr Mahmmoud Hamshari yigize umunyamakuru.

Igihe baganiraga, uyu maneko yasabye ko bamurangira aho ajya kwihagarika. Aho kujya kwihagarika, yaragiye afata telephone y’umugozi yo kwa Hamshari ayikuraho, ayisimbuza indi yari yatezemo igisasu kiregeye kuri ‘telecommande’.

Hanze yari yahasize abandi bagenzi bategereje ko umugore n’umwana ba Dr Hamshari basohoka hanyuma ba maneko bagahamagara ya Telephone. Dr Hamshari ngo yari afite uruhare ruziguye mu bwicanyi bw’abakinnyi i Munich.

Nta kosa ribaye niko byagenze, Dr Hamshari yahamagawe kuri telephone yitabye igisasu kimusandaza umutwe agwa mu bitaro nyuma y’aho. Nyuma y’ibyumweru bitatu itsinda rya Mosassad ryerekeje mu gihugu cya Chypré guhiga uwitwaga Hussein Al-Bashar.

Ubwo yari avuye mu nama kuri Ambasade y’Uburusiya, atashye muri hoteli yari acumbitsemo, Hussein yagiye kuryama nk’uko bisanzwe, ariko aturikanwa n’igisasu Mosassad yari yateze muri matola ye.

Muri 1973, hari kuwa Gatanu, Mata, i Paris mu Bufaransa, umwarimu wigishaga amategeko witwaga Bazar Al Kubezi ubwo yari atashye aho bitaga ‘Café de la Paix’ avuye ku kazi yahuye n’abantu babiri baramurasa amasasu 11 ahita yitaba Imana.(Aba ba maneko barasaga amasasu 11 bibuka ba bakinnyi 11 biciwe i Munich).

Mossad yafashe hasi hejuru mu guhora kuko hari umwe mu ba “Black September”, ba maneko basunikiye mu nsi ya Gari ya moshi ikamuca hejuru. Ibi byabereye i London mu Bwongereza.

Polisi y’Ubufaransa ndetse n’Isi yose bavuze ko ari Mossad yamwishe ariko Golda Meir abihakana yivuye inyuma avuga ko ntanumwe ufite ibimenyetso byo kubihamya. I Beirut muri Syria, hari  hihishe umwe mu bacurabwenge bapanze ubwicanyi bw’i Munich.Uwo ni Abu Iyyad.

Kubera ko Isi yari imaze gukeka Mosassad, bamwe mu bari muri Black September batangiye kugira ubwoba bikomeye no kwihisha kurushaho kuko bari bamaze kubona akaga kari kubabaho.

Golda Meir yatanze amabwiriza ko nta n’umwe ugomba gusigara niyo yaba atuye mu bihugu by’abanzi ba Israel aho ariho hose. Mossad ifatanyije na Minisiteri y’ingabo bashyizeho itsinda ry’Abakomando ritera i Beirut mu rugo rwa  Mohammad Yusuf al-Najjar (Abu Iyyad)  riramwica hamwe n’abandi bantu basanze mu rugo.

Muri aba bakomando harimo na Ehud Barak. Bitahira i Tel Aviv. Gen Ehud Barak yavuze ko mbere bari batekereje gukoresha indege bakarasa iwe ariko baza gusanga byaba ari uguhubuka ahubwo ko babanza bakamenya uko imbere mu nzu hameze, bakazinjiramo neza kandi bakazamenya n’uko babasha gucika ntawe ubabonye.

Bashatse amato na kajugujugu  babishyira hafi aho, kugira ngo baze gucika byihuse bamaze guhora no gukora ibyo bise “Umujinya w’Imana”.

Bamaze kunoza umugambi bawushyiriye Golda Meir abaha uruhushya rwo gutera. Mu ijoro abakomando berekeje muri Liban basanga ba maneko ba Mosassad babategereje, bajya kubereka aho Abu Iyyad atuye kandi abana n’abandi babiri bo muri Black September aribo Kamal Adwan na Kamal Nassir.

Nta n’umwe muri aba wagombaga kurokoka. Ehud Barak avuga ko mu minota 30 bari barangije akazi kari kabajyanye, iyi Operation yiswe The Spring of the Youth  basubiye ku Nyanja gufata amato yabo bataha ntawutabaye muri iki gihugu kitavuga rumwe na Israel.

Mu murwa mukuru w’Ubugereki, Athens habagayo undi witwaga Moussa Abu Zhiad wabaga mu nzu yakodeshaga.

Mu gitondo ubwo yari agiye kugura ikinyamakuru cyo gusoma, maneko wa Mosassad wamucungiraga hafi yahise yinjira mu nzu iwe ahatega igisasu munsi y’uburiri. Iminota mike nyuma Moussa Abu Zhiad yahitanywe n’icyo gisasu.

Umwe yarabagoye cyane

Hari hasigaye umwe ukomeye ariwe Ali Hassan Salameh. Uyu niwe wari usigaye ahangayikishije ba maneko ba Mossad. Muri Nyakanga 1973, Salameh yiberaga muri Norvege.

Ishami rya Mossad ryakoreraga yo ryamenye ko ariho aba ritangira kumuhiga bucece. Mosassad yaje kumenya ko akunda kugendana n’umugore ufite imisatsi miremire ariko itarafotora neza isura ye. Byarabagoye binabafata iminsi kubona amakuru afatika kuwo bashaka kwica.

Ubwo yari atashye, uyu muntu Mossad yakekaga ko ariwe Salameh yahuye n’itsinda rya ba maneko rimurasa amasasu 11 ahita agwa aho. Nyuma ariko Mossad yaje kubona ko uwapfuye atari Salameh.

Ibi byateye ikibazo gikomeye muri Mossad kuko ba maneko batandatu bafashwe, bituma Golda Meir asaba ba Maneko ba Mossad bose  ku Isi guhita bataha mu rugo muri Israel, kuko bari bakoze ikosa mu gikorwa cyabo.

Ibi byakomye mu nkokora ibikorwa bya Mosassad ariko igitekerezo  cya Golda Meir cyo guhorera abahungu be (kuko abaturage ba Israel bamufataga nk’umubyeyi wabo) biciwe i Munich cyarakomeje.

Ibi byose byakorwaga hagati ya 1972 na 1974 ubwo uyu mugore yari ku butegetsi nka Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Israel.

Muri 1974, Golda Meir yavuye ku butegetsi asimburwa Yitzhak Rabin asabwa kurangiza igikorwa cyo kwihorera bakomeza guhiga uriya umwe wari usigaye.

Mu mwaka wakurikiyeho, Mosassad yarisuganyije itangira guhiga bukware Ali Hassan Salameh nawe wari waramaze kugwiza ubutunzi n’aba maneko benshi bamukoreraga.

Yabagaho neza afite umugore mwiza wari waratorewe kuba Miss Universe wo muri Liban. Igitangaje ni uko Salameh yari inshuti na CIA. Niwe wayihaga amakuru y’ibyaberaga muri Liban. Ariko kandi agahigwa na Mossad umufatanyabikorwa wa CIA.

Yari umuhanga cyane ku buryo yatumye Yasser Arafat wari umuyobozi w’abanyepalestine amukunda. Ariko yari afite inenge imwe: Gukunda abagore cyane.

Mosassad yahisemo guca muri icyo cyuho cye! Mosassad yakoresheje umugore witwa Erika Chambers. Uyu mugore wari ufite ikimero kdasanzwe n’ubwiza n’ubwenge, yakoze ibishoboka byose agenda yigarurira umutima wa Salameh.

Abagore bakunda gukoreshwa naba ba maneko mu buryo bo bita honey traps: akamashu gasize ubuki. Chambers yakurikiranaga  imibereho ya Salameh umunsi ku wundi akabimenyesha Mosassad.

Erika ubwo yari amaze kumenyerwa kwa Salameh ahajya nk’iwe, yajyanyeyo imodoka ya Volkswagen irimo ibisasu biremereye cyane ayiparika hafi y’igipangu Salameh yabagamo.

Ali Hassan Salameh yaratashye ageze iwe aturikanwa n’ibibisasu byari byuzuye mu modoka bishwanyaguza buri kimwe cyose cyari aho na we ntiyarokoka.

Nyuma hari undi witwaga Abu Jihad nawe yiciwe muri Tunisia ku buryo butagoranye cyane.

Usibye umwe mu bari kuri liste ndende y’abagomba kwicwa wishwe n’uburwayi abandi bose Mossad yabagezeho irabahitana ku itegeko rya Golda Meir wifuzaga guhorera abakinnyi ba Israel biciwe i Munich bazize ibitero by’agatsiko The Black September.

Nta muntu n’umwe uzi umubare w’abari kuri Liste y’abagombaga kwicwa muri iki gikorwa, gusa  birashoboka ko Mossad yakomeje kwica n’abandi yakekaga ko bagize uruhare  ruziguye cyangwa rutaziguye.

Golda wabitegetse yitabye Imana mu Ukuboza 1978 azize Kanseri afite imyaka 80 y’amavuko.

Hifashishijwe: Wikipedia, Danielpipes na topspysecrets.com  

NIZEYIMANA Jean Pierre
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