Dutemberane muri Parike y’Ibirunga, dusure INKIMA ziri gucika ku Isi

*Ubushize twatemberanye muri bimwe mu bice nyaburanga by’Intara y’Iburengerazuba;
*Ubu twasubiye mu Majyaruguru kuko naho si ubwa mbere tuhasuye;
*Uyu munsi twasuye umuryango w’INKIMA 120, zimwe mu nyamanswa ziri gucika ku Isi.

Parike y’Ibirunga ibarizwa mu gace k’ibirunga gahuriweho n’u Rwanda, Uganda na DR Congo, kakaba kabarizwamo ubwoko bw’inyamanswa nyinshi, gusa izihazwi cyane ni Ingagi n’Inkima ziri mu bwoko bw’inyamaswa zishobora gucika ku Isi.

Kuba ubu bwoko bwombi buri mu bushobora gushira ku Isi bituma abakerarugendo baturutse hirya no hino ku Isi baza kuzisura. Inkuru ishimishije ariko ni uko ku ruhanze rw’u Rwanda izi nyamanswa zigenda ziyongera kubera uburyo zitabwaho kandi zikarindwa.

Ingagi ubu u Rwanda rufite izigera kuri 440 mu zigera hafi 900 zisigaye ku Isi. Naho Inkima zo ntawuzi umubare wazo kuko ngo usanga zihora zigenda hejuru mu biti ku buryo kuzibara bitoroshye, gusa ngo ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda zirarenga 1 000 kandi harimo gukorwa ubushakashatsi kugira ngo zimenyekane neza, n’ingamba zo kuzirinda zishingire ku mibare ifatika.

Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, ngo hari imiryango y’Inkima itatu, gusa umwe niwo woroshye gusurwa, ari nawo ujyanwaho abakerarugendo benshi.

Umuryango bita “Golf Mike One” w’Inkima zigera ku 120 niwo twasuye, ukunze kugaragara ku musozi wa Kabatwa, ni hagati y’Ibirunga bya Sabyinyo na Bisoke.

Izi Nkima zisurwa ziba zarateguye mbere ku buryo zidatinya abantu cyane, gusa usanga iz’abana n’ingore arizo zikunze kuza kwegera abantu cyane kuruta iz’Ingabo.

Bitewe n’aho ziri, kugira ngo ugere kuri uyu muryango ushobora kwinjirira ahitwa Kagere I n’iya II, Impuzamahanga, Kagaragara, Kato n’ahandi, hose ni mu Kinigi.

Kugira ngo twe tuzigereho twahagurutse mu Mudugudu wa Ndabaruhuye, Akagari ka Nyabigoma, saa 08h30, dukora urugendo rw’isaha irenga tuzamuka umusozi, tunyura hagati y’imigano ikonje cyane kandi ishaje.
Hafi Saa 10h00 twari tuzigezeho ahitwa Kagaragara, ku Kabatwa, ni ku butumburuke bwa Metero 2 520, nk’uko umwe mu batuyoboraga yabitubwiye. Mu kugaruka twageze aho twaturutse 11h30.

Izi Nkima zibaho gute?

Loyce Gashumba, wari utuyoboye (guide) yatubwiye ko Inkima “Golden Monkeys” cyangwa “Inkende ya Zahabu” ngo yiswe gutyo kubera ibara rijya gusa na Zahabu ifite ku ijosi hashyira ku mutwe.

Izi Nkima ngo ziba mu bwoko bwa “Blue Monkeys”, Ibyondi byo bigaragara cyane muri Parike ya Nyungwe.
Inkima zikora imibonano mpuzabitsina kimwe n’izindi nyamanswa zo muri ubu bwoko, ngo zikabonana byibura kabiri mu mwaka. Inkima ngo akenshi ibyara akenshi akana kamwe.

Akana iyo kavutse kamara amezi atanu nyina ikigatwara kunda yayo kugira ngo ikarinde ibisiga n’ibindi byakarya.
Loyce Gashumba ati “Kuva Inkima ivutse kugera ifite byibura imyaka ibiri n’igice tuyita umwabana (baby), kuva ku myaka ibiri n’igice kugera ku myaka itanu zitwa ‘Ingimbi n’abangavu (teenager), hanyuma guhera ku myaka itanu kuzamura ziba zabaye nkuru, ndetse iz’ingore zishobora no kubyara.”

Izi Nkima ngo zibaho hagati imyaka 15 na 25, mu gihe Ingagi zishobora kugera no ku myaka 45. Ubushakakashatsi kandi ngo ntiburagaragaza niba iz’ingore zigera igihe zigacura ntizongere kubyara.

Gashumba avuga ko Inkima zirya ubwoko bw’ibyatsi bigera kuri 56, gusa ngo zikunda cyane imigano n’ubundi bwoko bw’ibyatsi. Ngo zirisha inshuro eshatu ku munsi, zikaruhuka gatatu, kandi mu gihe cyo kurisha zishobora kumara nk’amasaha atatu zirisha. Mu gihe cyo kuruhuka na nijoro zimaze kubona aho zirara, nibwo inkuru zita ku ntoya, ziziha urukundo.

Ati “Izi Nkima ziboneka muri aka gace k’ibirunga. Ni ubwoko bw’inyamanswa buri gucika ku Isi kuko nta kindi gihugu wazibonamo uretse u Rwanda, DRC na Uganda muri aka gace k’ibirunga dusangiye.”

Inkima ziba mu muryango ugizwe n’umugabo n’umugore n’abana, ariko ngo zo ntabwo zifuhirana nk’Ingagi, ikigabo gishobora kuryamana n’ikigore cyo mu wundi muryango nta kibazo.

Mu Kwezi kwa Mata na Gicurasi inkima z’ibigabo ngo ziza aho ibigore biri ari byinshi kuko aribwo zikora imibonanano mpuzabitsina cyane, ayo mezi yarangira ibigabo bimwe bikongera bikigendera. Ubu mu kwezi gutaha kwa Nzeri ngo hazaba havutse izindi Nkima.

Izi nkima cyane cyane udutoya ariko ngo zihura n’ingorane nyinshi, ariko inkuru ni ibisiga bizirya iyo ziri mu biti hejuru cyane, ndetse ngo n’iyi ziri hasi hari igihe imbwa zo mugasozi zizirya. Gusa, ngo ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye cyane ku buryo byahangayitsa abazitaho.

Ko ziba ziruka mu biti, uzisuye azibona ate?

Ubuyobozi bwa Parike y’Ibirunga bufite abakozi benshi, barimo abashinzwe gushaka aho inyanswa zisurwa ziri bazwi nka ‘trackers’ ndetse n’abayobora abakerarugendo bazwi nka ‘Guides’.

Ndayambaje Charles Martin umu-tracker avuga ko uburyo nabo bamenya aho Inkima ziri bakurikiza ikoranabuhanga rya GPS, NDETSE bakanakoresha Amatwi (kumva), kureba, cyangwa bagakurikira ibisigazwa by’ibyo zariye n’imyanda yazo.

Iyo bamaze kumenya aho ziri, baharangira aba-guides baba bari kumwe n’abakerarugendo bifashishije ibikoresho by’itumanaho bizwi nk’Ibyombo.

Uwiragiye Honorine, umaze imyaka 8 akora akazi ko gushakira abakerarugendo izi Nkima (tracking), gusa akaba amaze imyaka 19 mu mirimo ifitanye isano n’iyi Parike avuga ko kimwe mubyo akundira izi Nkima ari Isuku.

Ati “Njyewe ikintu nzikundaho zigira isuku, dusa na neza, ntabwo twenderanya, nta mahane tugira.”

Gusa, Uwiragiye akavuga ko gukora muri iyi Parike bitoroshye kuko irimo n’izindi nyamanswa z’inkazi nk’Imbogo n’Inzovu, ariko ngo bazi uburyo bazikinga kugira ngo zitabica.

Ati “Haracyarimo n’abahigi b’Abanyarwanda, nubwo tugerageza kubacyaha, ariko ushobora guhura n’umuhigi, aba agenda yitaje intwaro nawe ashobora kukugirira nabi,…gusa tubabona gacye gashoboka ntabwo ari buri munsi.”

Aba bahigi ngo baba baje guhiga Imbogo, Impongo n’utundi tunyamanswa turibwa tuba muri iyi Parike y’Ibirunga.
Uwiragiye avuga ko abona Abanyarwanda ni bacye cyane ugereranyije n’abanyamahanga baza gusura izi Nkima, we ngo yumva ari ukubera ubushake bucye n’ubushobozi bucye.

Izi Nkima Zatangiye gusurwa mu 2003 kandi ngo umubare w’abazisura ugenda wiyongera buri mwaka.
Kuzisura uri umunyarwanda ni amafaranga y’u Rwanda 4 000 gusa, ku munyamahanga ni amadolari 100, umunyamahanga uba mu Rwanda ngo ni hagati y’amadolari 65 na 75.

Photos: V.KAMANZI
Venuste KAMANZI
UM– USEKE.RW