Abimukira bari guhindura ubuzima bw’imiryango basize muri Africa kubera amafaranga baboherereza

*Kuri uyu wa 16 Kamena ni umunsi mpuzamahanga wo Koherereza amafaranga imiryango (International Day of Family Remittances)
*IFAD ivuga ko gahunda yo Koherereza imiryango amafaranga byahinduye ubuzima bwa benshi
*U Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bifite igipimo cy’abimukira bohereza amafaranga iwabo kiri kuzamuka cyane

Raporo nshya ya “International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)” igaragaza ko mu myaka 10 ishize, ingano y’amafaranga Abimukira boherereje imiryango yabo yasigaye mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere yazamutseho 51%.

Gusa, buri mwaka ingano y’amafaranga yoherezwa muri mwaka yagiye izamukaho 4.2% buri mwaka, dore ko yavuye kuri miliyari 296 z’amadolari ya America mu 2007, akagera kuri miliyari 445 z’amadolari mu 2016.

Muri Africa

Africa ifite abimukira miliyoni 33, hafi kimwe cya kabiri (1/2) cyabo nibo basigara ku mugabane wa Africa. Mu bice abimukira b’Abanyafurika bakunze kujyamo cyane ni Uburayi cyane cyane mu bihugu biba byarabakolonije cyane cyane Ubufaransa bufite abimukira b’Abanyafurika bagera kuri miliyoni 3.7, mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati, na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za America.

Naho mu bihugu bya Africa byakira abimukira b’Abanyafurika bagenzi babo harimo Africa y’Epfo ifite abimukira miliyoni ebyiri, Côte d’Ivoire ifite abimukira miliyoni ebyiri, Nigeria ifite abimukira miliyoni imwe. Ibihugu bifite ibibazo by’umutekano usanga bituma abaturage babyo bahungira mu bihugu bihana imbibe.

Umugabane wa Africa uri muyifite ibihugu byinshi byakira amafaranga ariko macye, amafaranga yoherezwa muri Africa yazamutseho 36% mu myaka 10 ishize, bijya kungana n’ubwiyongere bw’abimukira bwo buri kuri 29%.

Muri miliyari 60.5 z’amadolari ya America Africa yakiriye mu 2016, hafi 80% yagiye mu bihugu nka Nigeria (miliyari 19 $), Egypt (miliyari16.6 $), Morocco (7 miliyari), Algeria na Ghana ( miliyari 2 $ buri kimwe).

Ibihugu 19 bya Africa amafaranga byakira agize 3% by’umusaruro mbumbe wabyo. Mu gihe mu bindi bihugu 6 ayo bakira arenze 10% by’umusaruro mbumbe (GDP) wabyo birimo Liberia (31%), Gambia (22%), Comoros (20%), Lesotho (18%) na Senegal (14%).

U Rwanda mu mwaka ushize ngo rwakiriye miliyini 163 z’amadolari ya America, angana na 2.0 ku ijana (2.0%) by’umusaruro mbumbe (GDP) w’u Rwanda. Amafaranga u Rwanda rwakiriye mu myaka 10 yazamutseho 34.4%.

Ku rwego rw’isi

Raporo ivuga ko miliyoni zisaga 200 z’abimukira bafite akazi, bari gufasha imiryango yabo isaga miliyoni 800 hirya no hino ku Isi, mu rwego rwo kuyifasha.

Amafaranga imiryango ngo yohererezwa agize hafi 60% by’umusaruro w’imiryango yakira amafaranga.

Biteganyijwe ko mu 2017, umuntu umwe kuri barindwi (1/7) ku isi yose azohererereza cyangwa azakira amafaranga yohererejwe muri miliyari zirenga 450 z’amadolari ya America zizoherezwa, muri rusange ngo abaturage bagera kuri Miliyari bagaragara mu bikorwa byo kohereza no kwakira amafaranga.

Iyi raporo ivuga ko 80% by’amafaranga yose yoherezwa ajya mu bihugu 23 gusa, biyobowe n’Ubushinwa, Ubuhinde, Philippines, Mexico na Pakistan.

Inkubiri y’abimukira n’amafaranga bohereza iwabo, biri gutera impinduka zikomeye mu bukungu bw’isi n’imiyoborere cyangwa Politike ku Isi.

Imibare iragaragaza ko abimukira bafite akazi binjiza byibura Tiliyari eshatu z’amadolari ya America (3 000 000 000 000 $) buri mwaka, kandi 85 ku ijana (85%) asigara mu bihugu byabakiriye. Ayo bohereza iwabo akaba atanageze kuri 1 ku ijana (1%) by’umusaruro mbumbe (GDP) w’ibihugu byabakiriye.

Ikiguzi cyo kohereza amafaranga ku isi kirarenga miliyari 30 z’amadolari ya America buri mwaka, kikazamurwa ahanini ngo n’ikiguzi cyo kohereza amafaranga mu bihugu bikennye no mu bice by’icyaro kiri hejuru cyane.

Gore ko 40% by’amafaranga yoherezwa ajya mu bice by’icyaro, akagira uruhare runini mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, agafasha imiryango mu kubaho, n’ibindi.

Mu bihugu 9 amafaranga byakira byakira angana na 20% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’ibyo bihugu. Ibindi bihugu 71 amafaranga byakira arenze 3% by’umusaruro mbumbe wabyo.

UM– USEKE.RW