Abanyamisiri ngo baba bafite inkomoko muri Uganda

Guhera mu myaka ibiri ishize, abashakashatsi mu bisigaratongo (archeologists) batangiye kwiga intimatima y’uturemangingo fatizo yitwa DNA y’abami ba kera ba Misiri(pharaohs) bayikuye ku mirambo yabo yumishijwe(mummies). Bari bagamije kureba niba ibivugwa ko abami ba Misiri ba kera ndetse n’abanyamisiri muri rusange bari abirabura ari ukuri gushingiye ku bushakashatsi bwa siyansi.

Bakoresheje igice cy’ingirabuzima ziranga igitsina gabo cyitwa Y(chromosome Y) baje gusanga bariya bami bari bafite byinshi bigaragaza ko bakomoka mu gace ka Afurika kari gatuwe n’abantu  bavugaga indimi zitwa Niger- Congo languages.

Iyi ngirabuzima fatizo iri mu itsinda bise group E1b1a yabereye  aba bahanga ifatizo ryo kugukomeza ubushakashatsi bwabo bushingiye ku bihamwa bifatika.

Nyuma y’ubu bushakashatsi, abahanga bo muri USA bageze ku bihamya byizewe byerekana ko ba Pharaohs bakomokaga mu karere k’Afurika k’ibiyaga bigari ndetse no muri Afurika y’epfo.

Ngo ingirabuzima fatizo z’aba bami zifitanye isano ya bugufi n’iz’abaturage batuye muri aka kace ka Afurika k’Ibiyaga bigari.

Ikibazo gisigaye kuri aba bahanga ni ukumenya aho ururimi rwakoreshwaga  naba Pharaohs harimo na Ramses III rwakomotse kuko rwo ruri ku rutonde rw’indimi zizwi nka Afro-Asiatic family of Languages ubu ruvugwa na bamwe mu baturage bo muri Ethiopia ndetse na Somalia.

Mu kubishakira igisobanuro, abahanga bavuga ko abaturage bo mu gace ka Niger-Congo bimutse muri aka gace kubera ko kari gatangiye kuba Ubutayu(ubu niho hari ubutayu bwa Sahara) bakajya mu Kibaya cya Nili( Misiri) bagerayo bakiga ndetse nyuma bakajya bavuga ziriya ndimi za Afro-Asiatic, bakaziraga ababakomotseho.

Uko bigaragara, aba bimukira bagezeyo barakora, batera imbere ndetse bamwe baba abayobozi bakuru ndetse n’abami.

Ibipimo bya DNA byerekanye ko imico ndetse n’imigenzo y’abanya Afurika bo muri aka gace yaje kuganza iyo basanze muri kiriya kibaya cya Nili bagakora igihugu gifite umuco wihariye uko ibisekuruza byagiye bihita ibindi bikaza.

Abahanga biga amoko y’abantu n’umurage ushingiye ku maraso( ethnographers) basanga kuba abami ba kera bo muri aka karere barimaga ingoma bagaragiwe na bashiki babo cyangwa ba Nyina kandi akaba ari nako byari bimeze kuri ba Pharaohs bo mu Misiri ari igihamya gifatika cyerekana isano hagati yabo.

Dufate urugero ku bwami bwa Bunyoro ndetse na Tooro( hombi ni muri Uganda y’ubu).  Muri ubu bwami umukobwa wimanye n’umwami bamwitaga Rubuga. Mu bwami bwa Buganda( abanyamateka bemeranya ko ubu aribyo bwami bwari bukomeye muri aka karere), umukobwa wimanye n’umwami yitwaga Lubuga kandi na n’ubu muri ubu bwami abami barakimana na bashiki babo.

Ingoma z’ingabe nazo(royal drums) nazo zifatwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko abanyamisiri bafite inkomoko muri aka gace k’ibiyaga bigari.

Mu gihe cyo gusabira igihugu umugisha barazisohoraga, bagasenga bazifasheho cyangwa bazikoreraho indi mihango ya kidini.

Haba muri aka gace k’Ibiyaga bigari  ndetse no mu Misiri bari bafite imihango yaberaga ibwami yategurwaga hifashishijwe kureba uko ukwezi n’izuba bihagaze mu kirere.

Imyambi n’imiheto nabyo byari ibikoresho yifashishwaga mu kwimika umwami haba muri aka karere ndetse no muri Misiri.

Abanyamateka babitse inyandiko za kera cyane zerekana ukuntu abanyamisiri bimikaga abami mu mihango bitaga Sed.

Hamwe muri izi nyandiko herekana uko bakoresha  imiheto n’imyambi mu kwimika abami,  haranditse ngo: “ Hakurikiragaho umwami Pharaoh wazaga ahetswe bakamushyira mu ngoro y’Imana Horus na Seth aho bamuhaga umuheto n’imyambi hanyuma akarasa umwambi umwe umwe mu byerekezo bine binini by’Isi.”

Mu Bunyoro naho hari imihango nk’iyi. Umwanditsi witwa John William Nyatura mu gitabo  yise Abakama Ba Bunyoro Kitara, cyasohotse muri 1947 yagarutse ku iyimikwa ry’umwami wa Bunyoro( Omukama of Bunyoro) yaranditse ati: “ Nyuma umwami bamuhaga imiheto n’imyambi akarasa umwambi umwe mu merekezo yaho izuba rirasira(hari haherereye ubwami bwa Buganda na Busoga, undi mwambi akawurasa mu merekezo y’epfo( ahari haherereye ubwami bwa Nkore n’u Rwanda) undi akawurasa mu mererekezo ra ruguru aho ubwami bwa Bukedi bwari buherereye.

Uyu muhango wari usobanuye ko umwanzi wese uzaturuka muri turiya duce azicishwa umwambi.

Mu bwami bwa Buganda naho hari umugenzo wo kuzana umuheto n’imyambi i bwami mu mihango yo kwimika umwami.

Umwanzi wafatirwaga ku rugamba yaraswaga umwambi umwe n’umwami ubwe( umwami bamwitaga Kabaka), ibi akabikora mu rwego rwekerekana ko undi mwanzi uzava hanze bazamwivuna. Nyuma abarinzi b’umwami baramuhorahoza( kumwica neza neza).

Intiti zemeza ko ikindi cyerekana ko abanyamisiri n’abanyafurika bo mu biyaga bigari bafitanye isano ari ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bya muzika.

Ibi bikoresho  basanze bisa ingero zitangwa zikaba ari imyirongi ndetse n’iningiri. Zimwe muri izi ningiri zibitswe mazu ndangamurage ya Uganda ndetse na Misiri.

Imbaho zakoreshwaga mu gukora amato yakoreshwaga haba mu  bucuruzi ndetse no ku rugamba habo muri Rwicanzige ndetse no muri Nili zabaga ziteranyije kimwe.

Ikintu cyatangaje abazungu mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 19  ubwo binjiraga muri Afurika ni ukuntu ubwami bwo muri kano gace ka Afurika bwari butunganyija kandi bukomeye cyane nk’uko iwabo byari bimeze.

Ku ikubitiro abanditsi b’abazungu banditse ko iterambere rya Misiri ariryo ryateye ubwami bwo muri aka gace gutera imbere ariko ibihamya bigezweho bwerekana ko ahubwo abanyamisiri bari abirabura bakomoka hano mu gace k’Ibiyaga bigati.

Ibi bihamya bije byemeza ko ibyo umuhanga mu mateka witwaga Cheikh Anta Diop yanditse yemeza ko abanyamisiri bari abirabura ari ukuri ku rugero rwo hejuru.

The Monitor

UM– USEKE.RW