Kigali hateraniye inama Nyafurika yiga ku ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’imari

Kuva kuri uyu gatatu, i Kigali hari kubera inama Nyafurika yiga ku birebana no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga muri Serivise z’imari “Dot Finance”. U Rwanda ngo rurigira muri iyi nama ikoranabuhanga rigezweho muri Serivise z’imari.

Ibigo binyuranye, ariko bikorera cyane cyane mu Burayi, America, Asia, no mu bihugu bicye bya Afrika byamuritse ikaranabuhanga bakoresha, uyu munsi rifasha za miliyoni z’abaturage guhaha, kugura no kugurisha, kwishyurana, kubitsa no kubikuza n’ibindi byose bijyana n’ubucuruzi n’imari.

Dr Diane Karusisi uyobora Banki ya Kigali (BK) yanateye inkunga iyi nama yavuze ko bari gushora mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo byibura mu myaka iri imbere nta muntu uzajya ukenera kujya kuri Banki kugira ngo abone Serivise iyo ariyo yose kuri Telefone.

Ati “Byose bazajya babibona kuri Mobile, gusaba inguzanyo, kubona inguzanyo, kohererezanya amafaranga, kugura ubwishingizi,…byose turashaka ko mu minsi iri imbere abantu bose bazaba bashobora kubikora kuri telefone, bizanoza imikorere yacu kandi bibe byanagabanya ibiciro bya Serivise zacu.”

Avuga ko n’ubwo urwego rw’imari rw’u Rwanda rutari rwinjiramo ikoranabuhanga cyane ariko hari Serivise z’ikoranabuhanga zatangiye, nk’iyitwa ‘Mokask’ ifasha Abakiliya ba BK n’abatari Abakiliya bayo gusaba inguzanyo ntoya kandi bakayihabwa mu gihe gito.

Dr Karusisi avuga ko iyi nama yabereye mu Rwanda bayigiramo byinshi, ati “Ntabwo ibintu byose bizakemuka mu munsi umwe, natwe muri iyi nama twajemo kugira ngo twige, turashaka kumenya uko mu Rwanda cyane cyane Banki ya Kigali dushobora kwirinda ibitero by’ikoranabuhanga, no kongerera ubushobozi system dufite, ntabwo ari ibintu byakorwa mu munsi umwe.”

Dr Karusisi avuga ko gushora mu ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’imari ari ukureba kure kuko n’ubwo ubu ngo abakiliya ba Banki ya Kigali nka 70% bari hejuru y’imyaka 40, ariko ngo nko mu myaka itanu iri imbere bizaba bimaze guhinduka abakiliya ari abantu bakiri bato, basobanukiwe kandi bakoresha cyane ikoranabuhanga.

BK by’umwihariko ngo ntibazongera gufungura amashami manini ya Banki hirya no hino mu gihugu, ahubwo ngo bagiye gushyira amafaranga yabo yose mu ikoranabuhanga, no gukomeza ‘system’ bafite, no gusobanurira abantu uko ubu buryo bwose bw’ikoranabuhanga bukora.

Mu Rwanda ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’imari rihagaze rite?

Mu Rwanda hari ibigo bimwe na bimwe byagiye Bizana izi Serivise bikaza gufunga, ariko hari n’ibindi bikiri ku isoko bifasha mu kwishyurana, guhererekanya amafaranga, kubitsa no kubikuza hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Ikoranabuhanga rizwi cyane kandi rikoreshwa na benshi muri ibi by’imari ni irya Telefone rizwi nka “Mobile Money”, n’ubwo hari n’izindi Serivise zikorana n’amabanki n’ibigo by’imari.

Ubushakashatsi buzwi nka ‘Finscope 2016’ bwagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda barenga miliyoni 2,7 bafite Konti za ‘Mobile Money’ bifashisha mu kohererezanya amafaranga, kwishyura na kwizigamira binyuze muri “Mobile banking”. Ubu bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hari abanyarwanda byibura bagera kuri miliyoni imwe bizigamira kuri ‘Mobile Money’.

Finscope 2016 ivuga ko mu Turere twose igihe cyo kubona utanga Serivise za Mobile Money (agent) kibarizwa hagati y’iminota 15 na 45, ikaba n’imwe mu mpamvu ngo 84% by’Abanyarwanda bakuze bizera umuyoboro wa Mobile Money mu kohererezanya amafaranga kurusha ubundi buryo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Mu ntangiro z’uyu mwaka, Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR) yagaragaje ko Konti za Mobile Money zikora zazamutseho 14% hagati y’umwaka wa 2015 na 2016, zigera kuri 2 986 696. Naho umubare w’aba-agents uva kuri 453 ugera ku 577 ku bantu 100 000.

Uruhare rw’iri koranabuhanga muri Serivise ku bukungu bw’igihugu, rugaragaza n’uburyo ingano y’amafaranga yahererekanyijwe hifashishije ikoranabuhanga ku musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu (ratio of electronic payments transactions to GDP) wazamutse cyane, BNR igaragaza ko ingano yayo yavuye kuri 0.3% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu (GDP), igera kuri 16.5% mu Ukuboza 2015.

Ubusanzwe ikoranabuhanga mu bihugu biteye imbere rikoreshwa mu kwishyurana, kohererezanya amafaranga, kwishyura Serivise no guhaha, n’ibindi byinshi ku buryo ushobora kumara amezi menshi udakoze ku mafaranga kandi ubaho ubuzima busanzwe, ubwo ni ubukungu butarangwamo ‘cash’ bita “Cashless economy”.

Vénuste KAMANZI
UM– USEKE.RW