Afrique-France, Afrique-Amérique, Afrique-Chine, Afrique-Inde bimaze iki? -Idriss Déby

Nyuma y’uko ashoje manda yo kuyobora Umuryango w’Africa yunze ubumwe (African Union/AU), Perezida wa Chad Idriss Deby Itno yatanze ikiganiro kirambuye kuri Jeune-Afrique avuga ku ngingo zirimo ibibazo bya Libya, uko asize AU imeze n’uko yifuza ko amahanga yafata uyu mugabane.

Yanenze inama ibihugu bimwe bitumiramo Africa avuga ko bigaragaza agasuzuguro, ngo ni agasuzuguro kubona abakuru b’ibihugu hafi ya byose by’umugabane bitaba umukuru w’igihugu kimwe akabaha amabwiriza.

Idrissi Deby Itno mbere y’uko ayobora Chad yahoze ari umupilote w’indege za gisirikare . Yayoboye intambara ingabo ze zarwanye na Libya nyuma akurikizaho guhangana na Hissène Habré wayoboraga Chad aramuhirika afata ubutegetsi undi ahungira muri Senegal.

Ubu amaze imyaka irenga 20 ayobora Chad akaba afite imyaka 64 y’amavuko.

J.A(Jeune Afrique): Ko mushoje manda yanyu mu buyobozi bwa AU murabona mwarageze ku ntego mwari mufite?

IDI(Idriss Deby Itno): Mu by’ukuri sinjye wabivuga ahubwo ni Abanyafurika. Nibo bakwemeza ko imirimo yanjye nayikoze neza nubwo yasabaga ingufu n’ubwitonzi. Gusa ku ruhande rwanjye mbona narakoze ibyo nari nshoboye byose.

 J.A: Kimwe mu bintu musize bidakemuwe kandi bigoye ni ikibazo cya Politiki n’umutekano muri Libya. Ese musanga Libya iteje akaga amahanga agakikije?

IDI: Mu by’ukuri Kadhafi yari yarafashije Africa n’igihugu cye kwishyira hamwe ariko nyuma y’urupfu rwe, ibintu byarazambye kandi ibi byose nta munyafrica wabigizemo uruhare, twese turabizi. Byakozwe n’abanyaburayi.

Nyuma abanyaburayi banze ko twe Abanyafurika tugira uruhare rwo gusana Libya ariko dusanga bitashoboka ahubwo  mu nama yabereye i Kigali twemeranyijwe ku itsinda riyobowe na Sassou Nguesso ngo ryige uruhare twagira mu gusana Libya.

J.A: Nonese ni iki cyateye ubutegetsi bwawe gufunga umupaka ubahuza na Libya?

IDI: kugeza mu mpera za 2016 ibikorwa bw’intagondwa zo mu mutwe wa Islamic State byagarukiraga kure yacu, mu bilometero 1 100, bikabera muri Syrte na Benghazi

Nubwo ingabo z’Abanyaburayi zagerageje guhashya aba  barwanyi ntacyo byagezeho ahubwo zabasunitse zibegereza umupaka wacu mu Majyepfo ahitwa Koufra, ubu bakaba bari mu bilometero 200 hafi yacu.

Ibi byadusabye gufunga umupaka no kongera ingabo n’ibikoresho ku mupaka. Nubwo biduhenda kandi n’ubusanzwe dufite ibibazo by’ubukungu, ariko turabikora kuko nta gifite. 

J.A: Ntabwo ari Islamic State ibateje impungenge gusa kuko hari undi mutwe uyobowe na Mahamat Mahdi Ali uvuga uzaguhirika ku butegetsi. Ese ibyo avuga muba mwumva akomeje?

IDI: Kubera ko Islamic State ariyo iyoboye muri turiya duce, bituma n’utundi dutsiko tw’amabandi twiha gukora ibyo dushaka harimo n’ako k’uwo mugabo.

Yaba we n’abo bafatanyije nta kintu kinini bavuze ku mutekano wa Chad.

J.A: Abakurikiranira hafi ibibera muri Libya bavuga ko  maréchal Khalifa Haftar (umugaba w’ingabo za Libya kuva 2015) ariwe wabasha gutuma ibibazo bya Libya bikemuka. Ese namwe niko mubibona?

IDI: Ikibazo cyasubizwa neza n’abaturage ba Libya kuko nibo bazi niba uwo mugabo yaba igisubizo cy’ikibazo cyabo cyangwa niba yabisubiza irudubi. Gusa nemera ko ari umusirikare w’umwuga ariko nkurikije uko namubonye sinzi niba nakwemeza ko yakwivanga mu bibazo bya Politiki.

J.A: Ko bavuga se ko mumufasha, barabeshyera?

IDI: Icyo njye mbona ni uko umuntu atabura kuvuga ko Marechal Khalifa yaba umwe mu bazana umuti wa Libya gusa agomba gufashwa na UN cyangwa undi wese wabishaka.

Twe nka Chad nta muntu n’umwe duha intwaro ku giti cye cyangwa umutwe w’abarwanyi runaka.

JA: Ese mujya mubabazwa n’urupfu rwa Kaddafi?

IDI: Icyo sicyo kibazo kuko nta muntu wigeze arwanya Kaddafi kundusha ariko ubwo Abazungu bazaga kumuhirika narabihanangirije mbabwira ko nyuma ye bizaba ibibazo ariko banga kunyumva.

Yewe ndetse nababujije no gutandukanya za Sudani bica amatwi gusa ntibatinze kubona ko bibeshye.

JA: Ndabwo ibyo ari byose twavuga ko ibibazo aka gace kanyu gafite bikomoka ku bazungu kuko na Boko Haram iri guca ibintu kandi muvuga ko mwayiciye intege. Mubona ingufu izikura he?

IDI: Burya rero iterabwoba ni ikintu gihindagurika kandi gifite amategeko akigenga utabasha gucungira hafi.

 Twagerageje guhangamura Boko Haram mu bihugu bya Chad, Nigeria, Cameroun na Niger.  Muri iki gihe igice kinini yahoranye twarakigaruriye gusa ntawavuga ko yacitse intege burundu.

Burya rero ikibazo cya Boko Haram cyakemurwa n’uko ubukungu bwa Nigeria bwasaranganywa neza mu rubyiruko bigatuma rugira ikizere cy’ejo hazaza.

JA: Undi muturanyi wanyu ubahoza ku nkeke ni Centrafrique. Ese ni izihe nama mwaha Perezida Touadera zamufasha gushyira ibintu mu buryo k’uburyo burambye?

IDI: Nubwo habayeho amatora y’Umukuru w’igihugu n’uw’Inteko ishinga amategeko binyuze muri Demokarasi, njye nsanga muri kiriya gihugu hakenewe ubumwe n’ubwiyunge bitajegajega kandi biganiriweho n’impande zose zirebwa n’ikibazo.

Touadera namugira inama yo kwicarana n’abatavuga rumwe nawe barimo ndetse na Sereka na Anti Baraka bagacoca ibibazo bafitanye naho ubundi ibintu bizasubira ibubisi.

Niba mu barwanyi ba buri ruhande hari abafite amaraso mu biganza byabo, amategeko azikorera ibyayo . Si ngombwa ariko ko hajyaho urukiko rwihariye ahubwo bo bakwicara bagacoca ibibazo, bakiyunga.

JA: Ubutwari n’ibikoresho igisirikare cyanyu gifite birazwi ndetse n’u Bufaransa burabizi ariko umuntu yakwibaza niba gikorera Chad cyangwa ari icya Idriss Deby Itno.

IDI: Njye ninjiye igisirikare cya Chad muri 1974, nibwo ninjiye mu ishuri ry’abasirikare bakuru. Kuba ubu dufite ingabo zirimo amoko yose y’abatuye Chad kandi ziteguye gukora ibishoboka byose ngo zirinde ubusugire bwayo ni uko buri gihe natekereje ku cyatuma Chad igira umutekano n’iterambere.

Chad yo muri 1963 ihabanye cyane n’uko imeze ubu kandi birumvikana kuko twakoze ibishoboka byose dusubiza ibintu mu buryo.

Igisirikare cya Chad rero gishingiye ku mateka yacu kandi mu mwaka ya vuba aha twarongeye turagikomeza nyuma y’inama rusange y’abakuru b’ingabo n’aba gisivili yabaye muri 2011.

Ubu igisirikare cyanjye kirimo abagabo n’abagore 30 000 batoranyijwe mu moko yose agize Chad kandi Police na Gendarmerie nabyo niko byubatse ndetse no basirikare bakuru harimo abantu bo mu moko yose. 

J.A: Ubu manda yanyu mu kuyobora AU irarangiye ariko muherutse gutorerwa kongera kuyobora Chad indi mwaka itanu, kandi mbere mwari mwavuze ko mutazongera kwiyamamaza. Byagenze bite ngo muhindure imvugo?

IDI: Ubusanzwe buri gihugu kigira amateka yacyo. Si ndi muri ba bandi bashaka ko umunsi bagiye ibihugu byabo bizasenyuka. Ndifuza ko umunsi nagiye Chad izasigara ari igihugu kihagazeho mu bukungu no mu mutekano.

Ibi nibyo naharaniye kandi nzaharanira. Navukiye aha, mba aha kandi nzapfira aha. Yaba njye n’abana banjye ntawe uzava muri Chad.

JA: Ese ko bavuga ko demokarasi irangwa no gusaranganya ubutegetsi, umuntu yarangiza manda agaha abandi, mwe mwemeranya nababivuga?

IDI: Mu buryo butaziguye sinemeranya nabo kuko gutegeka manda nyinshi cyangwa nke sicyo kibazo nyamukuru kandi buri gihugu kigira umwihariko wacyo.

Mu mezi make ashize mwumvaga abantu bavuga ko Perezida Joseph Kabila Congo agiye guhindura itegeko nshinga akongera akiyamamaza. Ubwo twahuriraga Luanda muri Angola namubajije amashirakinyoma yabyo ambwira ko babeshya, adashobora gukora ku itegeko nshinga.

Ariko nsanga igihe kigeze ngo amahanga areke Africa yihiteremo uko yiyobora, bareke gukomeza kuduha amasomo adashira.

Byaba byiza abanyaburayi bagiye badutega amatwi bakumva ibitekerezo byacu aho kudufata nk’abana badatekereza.

JA: Uko bigaragara mwasesaguye amafaranga mwakuye mu gucukura no gucuruza Petelori, mwubaka amazu ahambaye mu gihugu mutitaye ku ngingo y’uko Petelori yazagabanuka cyangwa igashira.

IDI: Izo nzu z’ibitangaza muvuga zirihe? Twubatse imihanda, amavuriro, amashuri ndetse n’amavomo y’amazi asukuye. 53% by’abaturage bafite amazi meza, abana 400 000 bashyizwe mu mashuri mu mwaka mike ishize, ubu bageze kuri miliyoni ebyiri.

Nubwo u Bufaransa n’Ikigega mpuzamahanga k’imari byarwanyije umushinga wanjye wo kongera abaganga ariko narabikoze none Chad ifite abaganga bo ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi benshi.

Ese ibi nibyo wita gusesagura?

JA: Muri iyo myaka y’iterambere ryihuse ariko ni nabwo ruswa yabaye nyinshi.

IDI: Ibyo sinabihakana kuko byaragaraye ko ruswa yari nyinshi. Abantu bagize amafaranga menshi yavuye muri Petroli batangira kubaka amazu maremare, ibi byose bikurura na ruswa mu gutanga amasoko.

Guhera muri 2003 nashyizeho uburyo bwose bwo guhashya aba bantu, yewe nashyizeho n’Urukiko rwihariye rwo kubaburanisha.

Ntako ntagize ariko bigaragara ko ruswa yashinze imizi mu baturage nkaba nsaba abakunda Chad bose kumfasha tukayihangamura kuko sinabikora njyenyine.

JA: Abatavuga rumwe na Leta muyoboye nka Saleh Kebzabo avuga ko ikibazo cya Chad atari ubukungu ahubwo ari politike yanyu iheza bamwe. Ese mubivugaho iki?

IDI: Ibyo biransetsa cyane iyo mbyumvise!..Chad ntabwo ari ikiraro bororeramo inkoko. Amatora yabaye muri 2016 yitabiriwe n’abantu bo ku mpande zose za politiki.

Yaranaduhenze ariko araba kandi na Komisiyo y’amatora yarigengaga. Ibyo uwo mugabo avuga byo gusubiramo amatora no kwemeza ko ikibazo kiri muri Chad ari uguheza abatavuga rumwe na Leta numva nta shingiro bifite.

JA: Mwabwira iki abemeza ko ubwoko bwanyu bw’aba Zaghawa ndetse n’umuryango wanyu ari mwe mutegeka igihugu cyose?

IDI: Nabasubiza ko bataye indangagaciro z’iki gihugu. Nabagira inama yo kwirinda kuvangavanga ibintu bakemera ko niba barabuze umwanya mu butegetsi kubera kudashobora batagombye kubiheraho baca abaturage mo ibice mu matiku adafashije.

JA: Muri iki gihe hari impaka zikomeye mu ntiti zo muri aka karere ku byerekeye ejo hazaza h’ifaranga rya CFA.. Mwe musanga ririya faranga ryazakorerwa iki?

IDI: Ni impaka nziza  nari narategereje igihe kirekire. Hashize imyaka itandatu cyangwa irindwi nsabye ko twaganira kuri iki kibazo ariko bagenzi banjye bakantera utwatsi ngo ni ingingo idakorwaho.

Bamwe bavuga ko kuba ibihugu byacu bidakoresha amafaranga yabyo bwite ari agasuzuguro abandi bakavuga ko kudakoresha CFA byateza akaga ubukungu bw’ibihugu byacu.

Ku ruhande rwanjye nsanga igihe kigeze ngo twicare turebe niba amasezerano ibihugu byacu byagiranyen’u Bufaransa yo gukoresha CFA yasubirwamo. Ntabwo iriya faranga rigomba kutubera umutwaro cyangwa ngo ribe ifaranga rya baringa gusa. Bigomba gusubirwamo.

JA: Muherutse kwitabira inama yahuje Africa n’u Bufaransa (Sommet Afrique-France) yabereye Bamako. Ese hari icyo mwavuganye na François Hollande ?

Icyanjyanye Bamako ni ukwitabira inama si ukugirana ibiganiro byihariye n’uwo ariwe wese. Ahubwo nibaza n’icyo izo nama z’urudaca zimaze! Ngo Afrique-France, Afrique-Amérique, Afrique-Chine, Afrique-Japon, Afrique-Inde n’ibindi…

Umuryango w’Africa yunze ubumwe ushobora guhura n’Umuryango w’ibihugu by’i Burayi bakaganira k’ubufatanye cyangwa indi ngingo ariko iby’uko umukuru w’igihugu kimwe nk’u Bufaransa ahamagara abandi byoyoboye hafi umugabane wose ngo baze abahe amabwiriza…. birimo n’agasuzuro.

Tekereza ariko kubona abayobozi b’ibihugu byinshi baje gukeza no gutega amatwi umuyobozi w’igihugu kimwe!…Mbona ibi bishaje, bikwiye gucika rwose.

JA: Nyuma y’uko Blaise Compaoré bamuhirikiye muri 2015 abantu benshi bavugaga ko muri 2016 ari wowe, Denis Sassou Nguesso na Ali Bongo Ondimba muzakurikiraho. Byagenze bite nyuma?

IDI: Igisubizo kiroroshye cyane!. Abaturage b’ibihugu byacu nibo bahitamo ababayobora ntabwo ari abo bantu wowe uvuga. 

Byashyizwe mu Kinyarwanda na Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA

UM– USEKE.RW