“Imvura yaguye Abahinzi nibatangire, nubwo iteganyijwe ari nkeya nta mpungenge biduteye…”- Tony Nsanganira

Mu kiganiro kirambuye yagiranye n’Umuseke, Tony Roberto Nsanganira, Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Ministeri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi yavuze ko ubu abahinzi bashatse batangira guhinga, kandi ngo nubwo imvura izaba nkeya nta mpungenge Guverinoma ifite.

Nubwo imvura itaragwa ari nyinshi, abahinzi ubu batangira bagatera imyaka cyangwa babe bitonze?

Ni byiza gutangira, aho byagaragaye ko imvura yatangiye kuboneka bakomeza kwicara ngo bategereze ngo ibanze igwe icyumweru yikurikirana ngo babone kwemera ko imvura yabonetse?

Mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga dufite uburyo bwo gukorana bya hafi n’inzego z’ibanze ndetse n’abandi bafasha abahinzi, twirirwa tubazanya uko bihagaze mu birebana n’ikirere kandi tukagendera no ku makuru yasohotse avuye mu kigo cy’iteganyagihe agaragaza uko imvura izaba imeze muri iki gihe cy’umuhindo.

Uko bigaragara, nk’uko byabaye nk’ibitagenda neza muri uyu mwaka ushize, imvura n’ubundi izaba nkeya mu bice by’Iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo, hanyuma haboneke iringaniye mu Majyaruguru n’Iburengerazuba.

Nk’ubu muri iyi minsi nibwo imvura yatangiye kugwa, aho bigaragara ko yatangiye kugwa twatangiye gushishikariza abahinzi gutegura imirima, bimaze ibyumweru bibiri, bitatu bitangiye, kandi birakomeje. Mu minsi micye iri imbere ku mugaragaro haratangizwa igihembwe cy’ihinga.

Gusa, hari n’ibindi bigendana nabyo nko gukomeza kwiga no gushyira imbaraga muri gahunda yo kuhira mu bishanga, ku misozi, no kuhira ku buso butoya yiyongera kuri gahunda ya ‘Nkunganire’ dutanga ku nyongera musaruro.

Imvura nkeya nanone iteganyijwe Iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo, nta mpungenge ibateye ko bakongera guhura n’inzara?

Kugira impungenge ntabwo numva ko aricyo kintu abantu bashyira imbere, kuko iyo umuntu agize impungenge bisa n’ubwoba.

Icy’ingenzi ni uko bitagaragara nk’aho abantu batunguwe, kuko no kuba muri ibi bihembwe bibiri, bitatu bishize imvura yabaye nkeya, hari imbaraga zashyizwe mu guhangana n’icyo kibazo kandi izo mbaraga zirakomeza kugira ngo mu gihe byaba binongeye kuba abantu batavuga ko batunguwe.

Ahubwo izo mbaraga twatangiye gushyiramo mu guhangana n’ibihe bihindagurika tubifate nk’aho ari ibintu by’igihe kirekire. Imvura ibonetse bibe byiza, itabonetse ihagije dukoreshe ingamba n’ubundi turimo uyu munsi zo kuhira twifashishije za ‘Dame’ zirimo zubakwa, gushyira imbaraga muri gahunda yo kuhira ku buso butoya igomba gufasha abahinzi bafite ubutaka butoya.

Imvura nigwa igatanga umusaruro tuzayakira tuyifashishe. Niba nkeya nayo tuyifate tuyibyaze umusaruro. Aho itazaboneka dushobora kwifashisha kuhira. Aho bigaragara ko habaye ikibazo kidasanzwe nk’uko twagiye tubibona mu mirenge imwe n’imwe mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba nka za Rwinkwavu muri Kayonza n’ahandi tubafashe, niyo mpamvu nk’igihugu tugira ikigega cy’ibiribwa kigoboka abantu iyo bibaye ngombwa.

Uravuga kuhira, uyu munsi ibikorwaremezo byashyizweho byafasha abaturage kuhira birangana iki?

Muri rusange gahunda yo kuhira imyaka yatangiye mu 2000 – 2001, hashyizwemo amafaranga menshi, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizemo amafaranga arenga miliyari 100 mu gutunganya za ‘site’ nini hafi 90 zashyizweho kugira ngo zuhire imusozi n’ibishanga.

Uyu munsi dufite ubuso burenga Hegitari  ibihumbi 40 bwuhirwa. Ahenshi ni mu bishanga duhingamo umuceri, imboga, ibigori n’ibindi. Ariko imusozi biragaragara ko ari urundi rugendo dufite kuko biranahenze cyane, buriya kuhira i musozi bitwara ikiguzi gikubye gatatu ikiguzi cyo kuhira mu gishanga. Gusa nabyo dukomeje kubishyiramo imbaraga.

Ubu kandi turi no gushyira imbaraga muri gahunda yo kuhira ku buso butoya, aho abantu bishyize hamwe bafite Hegitari nk’eshanu bashobora kwishyira hamwe bakagura bya bikoresho umuntu yifashisha akurura amazi ayavana muri ‘Dame’ cyangwa mu mugezi runaka.

Ibi byatangiye gukorwa za Gatsibo, Karongi, Nyamasheke n’ahandi, twihaye gahunda ko buri mwaka iyo gahunda yo kuhira ku buso butoya yagera kuri Hegitari 2 000 buri mwaka. Harimo na gahunda ya ‘Nkunganire’ aho Leta ibafasha ikabaha 50%, abo bahinzi nabo bakishakira andi 50%.

Mu Rwanda ahantu hashobora kuhirwa hangana na Hegitari zirenga 580 000, iyo rero ukiri hagati ya Hegitari ibihumbi 40 na 50, birumvikana ko ahandi hashobora kuhirwa hakiri hanini.

Turacyafite imigezi abantu bashobora kwifashisha bakuhira. Ariko n’imvura nkeya yaboneka igafatwa yakoreshwa. Ikibazo kibaho ni uko n’iyo nkeya abantu baravuga bati n’ejo n’ejo bundi izakomeza igwe nta mpamvu yo kwivuna ngo ayo mazi y’imvura nyafate nyifashishe.

Abantu nibakanguke bahere kuri iyi mvura nkeya iri kuboneka batangire amazi yayo bayafate, bayifashishe buhira.

Turi kureba n’uburyo twashishikariza abikorera gushora imari muri ibi bikorwa byo kuhira bagafasha abaturage kuhira imirima yabo.

Abahinzi benshi usanga bahinga imbuto bamaranye imyaka myinshi itakijyanye n’ibihe, bigatuma babona umusaruro uri munsi 50% y’uwo bakabonye, harakorwa iki?

Muri rusange hari aho bigeze mu buryo bwo kubagezaho imbuto, ariko haba mu rwego rw’ubushakashatsi kugira ngo haboneke imbuto zinihanganira ihindagurika ry’ibihe ni gahunda y’igihe kirekire Minisiteri ibinyujije mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi igenda ishyiramo imbaraga.

Ubu hari ubwo bw’ibigori buri kugeragezwa mu mirima inyuranye. No ku bahinzi b’umuceri hari abagihinga imbuto bamaranye igihe, gusa ubu mu gishanga cya Bugarama hari imbuto nshya y’umuceri iri kugeragezwa.

Gusa hari imikoranire y’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bigenda bizana izindi mbuto nk’ibishimbo bikungahaye ku butare, n’indi y’ibijumba bikungahaye ku ntungamubiri (sweet potato). Hari n’imbuto tugikura hanze nk’ibigori, soya, ingano n’izindi.

Ni ibintu by’igihe kirekire bihoraho, imbuto iyo igeze igihe cyo guhindurwa biba bigomba gukora, ariko uretse no gukomeza gushaka imbuto nziza hari noneho n’ihari kuba igomba kugezwa ku bahinzi mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo bayifashije.

Imbuto hari izihari, hari izikenewe, ubushakashatsi bukeneye imbaraga, bugakora akazi gakomeye cyane kugira ngo izo mbuto zijye zikomeza zihindurwe.

Gusa, buriya umusaruro kuri Hegitari ntabwo ari imbuto gusa, buriya hari imbuto, hari ifumbire, gukora ibyo gukora igihingwa ku gihe, kuba wateguye neza ubutaka, kuba wateye neza, kuba wabagariye igihe, ikirere uko kimeze, ibyo byose iyo ubishyize hamwe nibyo bitanga uwo musaruro, imbuto ishobora kuba ari nziza ibindi bitagenda neza wa musaruro ntuboneke.

Intego dufite ni ukuva ku musaruro (productivity) wa 40 na 50% tugende tuzamuka. Birashoboka ko igihingwa cy’ibigori gishobora kuduha Toni zigera ku 8 cyangwa 9 kuri Hegitari, igihingwa cy’umuceri gishobora kugura Toni 9 cyangwa 10. Uyu munsi turabizi ko tukiri hagati y’enye n’eshanu.

Ko hari abaturage benshi bahuye n’ikibazo cy’inzara muraza kubafasha kubona imbuto cyangwa nabo bazayigura?

Abahuye n’ikibazo baroroherezwa, biterwa n’uburemere bw’ikibazo. Harimo kubaguriza kugira ngo mu gihe babashije guhinga muri iki gihembwe nibasarurura bazishyure.

Hari n’ahandi ubona hari ikibazo gikomeye cyane ku buryo ubona ko unamugurije mu gihe cyiza kiri imbere bizagorana kwishyura, ku buryo ashobora guhabwa imbuto n’ubundi bufasha.

Nyuma yo gukora amavugurura mu buhinzi, umusaruro wabwo wagiye wiyongera ku gipimo kiri hagati ya 6 na 7%. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka, ubukungu bw’igihugu bwazamutseho 7.3%, ubuhinzi bubigizemo uruhare rwa 33%.

Vénuste KAMANZI
UM– USEKE.RW