Africa irahura n’ingaruka nyinshi zo kwangirika kw’ikirere

*Ibihugu bikize bishinjwa ko inganda zabyo zigira uruhare mu kongera ubushyuhe ku isi,

*Africa ihura n’ingaruka nyinshi z’iyangirika ry’ikirere bigendeye ku bushyuye bwiyongera n’iyangizwa ry’amashyamba.

Mu nama y’i Paris yiswe COP 21 umwaka ushize, abakuru b’ibihugu 190 bemeranyijwe ko muri 2050 bazaba barakoze ibishoboka byose ubushyuhe bw’Isi bukagabanukaho Degree Celsius imwe.

Ibi ngo bazabigeraho binyuze mu kugabanya ibyuka bishyushya ikirere byoherezwayo. Nubwo abatuye Isi bagerwaho n’ingaruka zo gushyuha kw’Ikirere muri rusange, abatuye Africa barahazaharira kurushaho.

Mu mwaka wa 2012 agace kanini k’Africa y’Iburasirazuba kagize amapfa menshi, abantu barapfa, abandi barasuhuka n’amatungo arazahara kubera kubura urwuri no kubura amazi, abonetse akaba ari make kandi yanduye.

Bitewe n’uko ibyinshi mu bihugu byagezweho n’ayo mapfa bisanzwe bikennye kandi nta bikorwa remezo bihagije bifite, ibi byatumye gutanga ubufasha bigorana kandi bituma abaturage n’inyamaswa bagorwa no kugera ku masooko y’amazi cyangwa ngo bagere ku bitaro.

Gutema amashyamba, kutaraza imirima (mise en jachere) no kugira ubutaka buto byatumye umusaruro ugabanuka mu rugero ruri hejuru, abantu ntibihaza mu biribwa, bamwe bicwa n’inzara abandi (biganjemo abana n’abageze mu zabukuru) bazahazwa no kutabona indyo yuzuye kandi ihagije.

Igice kinini cy’Africa yo hejuru y’ubutayu bwa Sahara ndetse n’iyo mu Burasirazuba, kigizwe n’ubutayu. Ibihugu nka Kenya, Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea n’igice gito cya Ethiopia bifite ibice binini bigizwe n’ubutayu cyangwa imisozi iteye ku buryo bitorohera abaturage kuyihinga cyangwa kuyiragiraho amatungo.

Uduce nka Turkana muri Kenya na Kalamoja muri Uganda tuzwiho kutera kubera kugunduka no kugira imvura nke kandi abahanga bemeza ko ibi byatewe n’uko abaturage batemye amashyamba kugira ngo babone urwuri rw’amatungo yabo.

Nubwo ntawavuga ko ibyago abatuye mu duce twinshi tw’Africa tw’ubutayu cyangwa twenda kuba bwo biterwa n’inganda z’ibihugu bikize gusa, ariko ku rundi ruhande nibyo!

Ikimenyimenyi ni uko mu nama ya COP 21 Paris 2015 ibihugu byayitabiriye byemeranyijwe ko Africa igomba gufashwa guhangana n’ibiza bikomoka ku kwangirika kw’ikirere.

Birumvikana ko kwemera ziriya nshingano byatewe n’uko biriya bihugu byemera uruhare rwabyo mu gushyuha kw’ikirere n’ingaruka bigira kuri Africa.

Kugeza ubu abahanga bategereje kuzareba uko ibihugu nka Amerika (USA), u Bushinwa, u Burusiya, n’ibigize Umuryango w’Uburayi bizashyira mu bikorwa amasezerano y’i  Paris yo kugabanya imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere kandi byose (biriya bihugu) bishaka kurushanwa mu iterambere.

Uko byagenda kose ariko, Africa ni yo ihombera muri kuriya kurushanwa gukomeza gutera imbere kw’ibihugu bikomeye.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UM– USEKE.RW