2017 uyitangiranye izihe ngamba? Ba utegura amasaziro yawe

*2017 ni umwaka w’amateka ku Rwanda kuko urimo amatora ya Perezida wa Repubulika, ariko sibyo tugiye kurebaho.

Iyo umwaka urangiye undi ugataha ni umwanya wo kwisuzuma ukareba niba mu mwaka ushize hari icyo wagezeho wakwitwaza nk’ishema ryawe, ndetse ugafata ingamba z’umwaka utangiye.

Usanga hari abantu benshi mu mpera z’umwaka babaho nk’abazapfa ejo, bakagendera kw’ihame ngo “Uwiyimye azahanwa nk’uwiyahuye”, bagakoresha amafaranga mu bikenewe n’ibitari ngombwa.

Ariko nagira ngo utekereze ngo “Mu gihe nzaba ndushye, ntakibasha gukora ibyo nkora uyu munsi nzabaho nte?”

Iki kibazo ni ihurizo Abanyarwanda benshi badashaka gutekerezaho kuko ngo “iby’ejo bibara ab’ejo”

Gusa, nta Munyarwanda wakabaye akibaho bya mbar’ubukeye, cyangwa ngo aryame atizeye ko ejo azaramuka kuko umutekano urahari, ubuzima burahari.

Ubu, igihe cyo kurama ku Banyarwanda kigeze ku myaka 66,5. Naho, umusaruro mbumbe w’umuturage muri rusange uri ku madolari ya Amerika 720 ku mwaka.

Nubwo ubuhinzi bufite uruhare rwa 33% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu, ni urwego rutunze hafi 80% by’Abanyarwanda, abenshi bakaba bakibukora byo kwibeshaho, bitari kinyamwuga.

Kubera ko Abanyarwanda benshi bakora akazi katari umwuga, ku buryo ibigo by’ubwishingizi n’ubwizigame byabasha kubabarira uko binjiza ngo batange imisoro yo kwizigamira izabukuru, bizere amasaziro meza, usanga biriya bigo bireba cyane abanyarwanda hafi 3% gusa bakoreshwa na Leta n’abakorera inzego z’abikorera n’ubwo zose zitazigamira abakozi bazo.

Hari Abanyarwanda benshi bagishora mu bana babo kuko aribo barambirijeho nibagera muzabukuru.

Abandi ugasanga bashora mu mibiri yabo (kurya no kunywa) kugira ngo ejo bazabe bafite imbaraga zo gukora ariko byanze bikunze umubiri hari aho ugera ukananirwa “Umufundi agahinduka Umuzamu”.

Uko wategura ejo hazaza hawe igihe uzaba utakibasha gukora

Uyu munsi mu Rwanda hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kwizigamira izabukuru, byaba mu gutanga imisanzu mu bigo by’ubwishingizi n’ubwizigame, kubika amafaranga muri Banki n’ibigo by’imari, cyangwa gushora imari mu mitungo yimukanwa n’itimukanwa.

Ntitwavuga byinshi ku bigo by’ubwishingizi n’ubwizigame kuko byo ni itegeko ku bakozi b’umwuga, baba abakora mu rwego rw’abikorera cyangwa abakorera Leta, kandi inyungu zazo zirazwi (2%) dore ko banagorana baba badashaka kuzongera n’ubwo amafaranga bahabwa nk’imisanzu bo bayakoresha bakunguka.

Muri ibyo bigo, habamo n’ubundi buryo bwo kwizigama, nko kuzigamira amashuri y’abana, n’ibindi, akenshi uzasanga inyungu yabyo iri hagati ya 2% na 4%.

Ubundi buryo bwo kwizigamira, ni ubwo kubitsa kuri Banki no mu bigo by’imari aho usanga uburyo bwinshi Banki zishyiraho bwo kwizigamira buhabwa inyungu iva kuri 7% kumanura bitewe n’ingano y’amafaranga ubika.

Ubu hari n’uburyo busa nk’aho ari bushya bw’Amakoperative ariko bwatangiye cyera cyane kuko inganda nyinshi n’amabanki nka Banki y’Abaturage y’u Rwanda usanga byaratangijwe na Koperative z’abaturage.

Ubu Koperative zimaze kuba nyinshi mu gihugu, abaturage barazibitsamo amafaranga ajyanye n’ubushobozi bwabo, ndetse hari aho zimaze gutanga umusaruro ku buryo usanga abanyamuryango zimaze kubateza imbere, ahandi bashinga inganda nto n’iziciriritse, n’ibindi bitanga ikizere cy’ejo hazaza ku banyamuryango.

Gusa nta wakwirengagiza nanone ikibazo cy’imicungire mibi n’imiyoborere mibi ya zimwe muri Koperative bituma zisenyuka cyangwa ntizigire icyo zigeza ku banyamururyango.

Ubundi buryo Abanyarwanda bakunze gukoresha ni ubwo gushora mu mitungo itimukanwa nko kugura ubutaka, kugura inzu n’ibindi biba bishobora kuzakugoboka mu gihe kiri imbere.

Ubu buryo ni bumwe mu buryo bukomeye ubu kuko uko Abanyarwanda tuba benshi mu gihugu, uko igihugu gitera imbere dore ko kiri kugenda gihinduka nk’umujyi umwe, niko imitungo itimukanwa izagenda irushaho kugira agaciro.

Isoko ry’Imari n’imigabane ubundi buryo bwa zahabu bukwiye kwitabwaho

Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere imiyoborere y’ibigo n’icungamutungo, no gutangiza ubundi buryo bwo gukora business, Leta yashyizeho Isoko ry’imari n’imigabane mu mwaka utaha rizaba ryuzuza imyaka 10, ndetse iricungira hafi kugira ngo ritazateza ikibazo Abanyarwanda.

Ubu ku isoko ry’imari n’imigabane hariho ibicuruzwa bibiri, ni imigabane y’ibigo birindwi biri ku isoko; N’impapuro z’agaciro mvunjwafaranga. Gusa, biraza kuba bitatu muri Werurwe ubwo imigabane y’ikigega ‘RNIT – Itrambere Fund’ nayo izaba igiye ku isoko.

*Gushora mu migabane, ni ishoramari ry’igihe kirekire risaba ko byibura buri uko ubonye amafaranga ugura imigabane kugira ngo wizere ko mu myaka 20 cyangwa 30 uzaba umaze kugira imigabane myinshi mu kigo kimwe cyangwa byinshi ushoramo imari, bityo ujye ubona urwunguko ‘dividend’ buri mwaka.

Ingano y’inyungu iterwa n’urwunguko ikigo cyatanze n’ingano y’imigabane ufite.

Ubu imigabane iri ku isoko iri hagati y’amafaranga 70 na 300, ushobora gutangirira ku migabane ijyanye n’ubushobozi ufite, nyuma y’imyaka nka 30 ukazaba uri umunyamigabane ukomeye muri Bralirwa, BK,…

*Gushora mu mpapuro z’agaciro mvunjwafaranga (treasury bond) kugeza ubu nibyo bifite inyungu iri hejuru kuko usanga impapuro Leta icuruza zifite inyungu iri hejuru ya 12% ku mwaka.

Gusa, izi mpapuro usanga ari iz’imyaka micye kandi kuzigura birahenze kuko amafaranga fatizo ugomba kuba ufite atari munsi y’ibihumbi 100, bivuze ko atari uburyo bubereye bose.

*Gushora mu kigega cy’Ikigo RNIT ‘Iterambere Fund’, byo ni bumwe mu buryo buciritse kandi bufite inyungu iri hejuru. Kugeza ubu, gushora imari muri iki kigega bisaba kuba ufite byibura amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bibiri (2 000 Frw) kuzamura.

Uburyobozi bw’iki kigega cyatangiye muri Nyakanga 2016, buteganya ko inyungu ku mwaka izaba iri ku 9% mu mwaka wa mbere.

Ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa n’umuturage wese, umuhinzi muto, Umukaraningufu, Umunyonzi,… yabukoresha kandi inyungu iri hejuru kuruta ubundi buryo bwose ashobora gukoresha yizigamira mu bushobozi bwe.

Muri uyu mwaka dutangiye wa 2017, tangira utekereze kuri ejo hazaza hawe, wowe mukozi ibaze mu myaka 60 utakibasha uko uzaba ubayeho hanyuma ugane bumwe muri buriya buryo twakubwiye.

Niba uyu munsi ushaka kurya no kunywa, ugashaka kwambara, ugashaka gusa neza,…zirikana ko nugera no muzabukuru uzaba ukibikeneye, hanyuma utangire ugire ibyo wigombwa ubu.
UM– USEKE.RW