Politiki y’Itangazamakuru mu Rwanda imaze imyaka 10!!!!!!

Mu Rwanda, politiki y’itangazamakuru iheruka gushyirwaho ni iyo muri 2004. Imaze imyaka 10 kuko yemejwe muri Nzeri 2004. Nyuma y’aho amategeko agenga itangazamakuru avugururiwe n’andi agashyirwaho, iyi politiki byaba byiza nayo ivuguruwe ikajyanishwa n’ibihe, cyane ko  ubwo yashyirwagaho ikoranabuhanga ryari ritarasakara nk’uko bimeze ubu.

Iyo politiki igizwe n’ingingo zitandukanye harimo izirebana n’inshingano z’itangazamakuru, amateka y’itangazamakuru mu Rwanda, uko itangazamakuru n’itumanaho byari byifashe muri kiriya gihe (ni ukuvuga 2004), politiki y’itangazamakuru ryiza igomba gukurikizwa, ingamba zafatwa kugira ngo itangazamakuru n’itumanaho bikore neza, n’uruhare rwa buri wese mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iyi politiki.

Uretse inshingano zisanzwe zo kumenyekanisha amakuru, guhugura no kuruhura cyangwa guteza imbere imyidagaduro,  muri iyi politiki imaze imyaka icumi, hagaragaramo inshingano nshya.

Iya mbere nukugira uruhare mu kubaka u Rwanda rushya no kuruteza imbere. Iya kabiri nukugira uruhare mu kunga Abanyarwanda. Naho iya gatatu nukugira uruhare mu kwimakaza umuco wa demokarasi. Nyuma y’iyi myaka icumi, izi nshingano zigeze he zubahirizwa? Higeze hakorwa inama ihuza abashinzwe n’abakora mu itangazamakuru mu kugaragaza aho iyi politiki igeze ishyirwa mu bikorwa? Ko ubanza hari n’abatayizi ?!

N’itegeko ry’itangazamakuru ryaravuguruwe inshuro 2

Ubwo iyi politiki yemezwaga, itegeko ry’itangazamakuru ryagenderwagaho ryari iryo muri 2002. Ni itegeko n^o 18/2002 ryo ku wa 11/05/2002 rigenga Itangazamakuru. Muri 2009, nyuma y’imyaka irindwi, iryo tegeko ryaravuguruwe. Ni itegeko n^o 22/2009 ryo ku wa 12/08/2009 rigenga itangazamakuru. Iri naryo ryavuguruwe hashize imyaka ine hajyaho Itegeko n^o 08/2013 ryo ku wa 08/02/2013. Mu mwaka ushize, 2013, ni nabwo hashyizweho itegeko ryo kubona amakuru.

Aya mategeko yose, ari ayavuguruwe, ari n’ayashyizweho mashya, yafashije itangazamakuru kujyana n’igihe no guteza imbere umwuga. Bikagira n’inyungu ku gihugu kuko amategeko yacyo adashaje.

Iyi politiki yavugururwa ikajyana n’igihe

Mu ngingo ya gatandatu y’iyi politiki y’itangazamakuru hagaragara uruhare rwa buri wese mu kuzamura itangazamakuru mu Rwanda. Inzego zivugwamo ni: abanyamakuru n’amashyirahamwe yabo, Inama nkuru y’Itangazamakuru, Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta, na Leta. Ni muri rusange, nta mazina ya buri rwego (uretse Inama nkuru y’itangazamakuru) nka minisiteri zizagira uruhare n’ubufatanye, amazina y’amashyirahamwe y’abanyamakuru, n’amazina y’imiryango itari iya Leta ikora mu bijyanye n’itangazamakuru mu Rwanda, n’inshingano zirondoye kandi zihariye. Iyi politiki ntigaragaza igihe ingamba zirimo zizaba zashyizwe mu bikorwa n’uburyo bizagenzurwa.  Mu zindi politiki zigenderwaho mu bihugu bitandukanye, hari aho bagaragaza igihe politiki iyi n’iyi izamara (urugero:imyaka 10).

Ubwo iyi politiki yashyirwagaho, hari ibyaribitarajyaho mu gihugu, ubu biriho. Ingero: Urwego rw’abanyamakuru bigenzura (RMC, Rwanda Media Commission) ruriho. Itegeko ry’itangazamakuru rishya n’iryo kugera ku makuru byagiyeho. Ivugurura ry’itangazamakuru rya Leta riha umwanya abaturage. Ibigo byigisha itangazamakuru byariyongereye. Iyi politiki ivuguruwe yakwerekana uko ibi byose bizakora n’imikoranire ya buri rwego mu kuzamura itangazamakuru.

Ikoranabuhanga ryariho muri 2004, ubu ryikubye inshuro nyinshi. Internet irarushaho gusakara igafasha kwihutisha amakuru. Abaturage basangira ibitekerezo mu makuru n’ibiganiro mu bitangazamakuru binyuranye bifashishije internet. Ibitangazamakuru bisohoka mu macapiro, hirya no hino ku isi, biragenda bigabanuka biha intebe ibisomerwa kuri internet. Amaradiyo na televisiyo biragenda bijyana n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Ibi byose bikwiye guhabwa umurongo muri politiki y’itangazamakuru.

Steven Mutangana/ @mutangana2