Menya inzira z'UBWIRU mu Bwami bw’u Rwanda

Abanditsi ku mateka y’u Rwanda benshi  bemeza ko Ubwiru bwari itegeko nshinga rayturutse ku Mana y’i Rwanda ritashobraga kuvuguruzwa, kuvugururwa cyangwa kwicwa ngo birangirire aho. Byagiraga ingaruka byanze bikunze ku gihugu.

Padiri Alexis Kagame yanditse ko Ubwiru bwari ‘ibanga ribangirwa ingata’,bivuze ko nta muntu n’umwe wagombaga kumena ibanga ry’ubwiru ni ukuvuga itegeko rihambaye ryagengaga ubwami n’u Rwanda.

Abiru ( bari abantu babaga barahawe ububasha bwo kubika amabanga  yo kumenya, kubika no kurinda ubwiru) nibo batumaga ubwiru buhererekanywa hagati yabo ndetse n’abazabakomokaho babifitiye uburenganzira.

Muri 1945, bitegetwe n’Umwami Mutara Rudahigwa, Abiru bahawe uburenganzira bwo kububwira Padiri Alexis Kagame arabwandika kubera ko abenshi mu biru bari bamaze kugera mu za bukuru cyane kandi, hakurikijwe uko ibintu byari bimeze muri kiriya gihe, ubukoloni bwari bwarazanya amashuri bityo basanga byaba byiza ubwiru bwanditswe bukabikwa neza kugira ngo butazazimangana abasaza bamaze gutabaruka.

Ubwiru bwari bugabanyije mu byo abanyamateka bise ‘Inzira’.

Mu gitabo cya Marcel d’Heltfelt afatanyije na André Coupez banditse bamaze guhindura igitabo Inganji Kalinga  cya Alexis Kagame cyitwa (La royauté sacrée de l’ancien Rwanda. Texte, traduction et commentaire de son rituel, Tervuren, MRAC, 1972) berekana ko ubwiru bwarimo Inzira 17 ariko ngo zari 18 uretse ko Inzira yitwa’ Inzira y’amapfizi’yo itabonetse muzo Kagame yahawe.

Impfizi zari zifite agaciro gakomeye mu birango bw’ubwami bw’u Rwanda nk’uko Mukarutabana Rose-Mary yabyanditse kuri gakondo.com

Inzira zari zagereranywa n’imirongo ya Politiki yagenderwagaho mu bihe runaka.
Urutonde rw’Inzira zari zigize Ubwiru

1.Inzira ya Gicuraasi  (Iyi yari inzira aho Abanyarwanda batangiraga icyunamo cya Gicurasi kuko uku kwezi kwari ukwa amakuba mu Rwanda rwa mbere y’abazungu),

2.Inzira y’Umuganura (Abanyarwanda bakishimira umusaruro bashimira Imana no kwishimana hagati yabo.

3. Inzira y’Umuriro
4. Inzira y’Uubwimika
5. Inzira y’Ishoora
6. Inzira y’Uurwihisho
7. Inzira ya Rukungugu
8. Inzira ya Kivu
9. Inzira y’Umuhiigo
10. Inzira y’Inzuki
11. Inzira ya Muhekenyi
12. Inzira yo Kwasiira
13. Inzira yo Kwambika Ingoma
14. Inzira y’Iinteeko
15. Inzira y’Iinkiiko yabyay ‘Umugaru
16. Inzira y’Ikirogoto
17. Inzira y’Urugomo

Ubwiru bwari bugabanyijwemo ibice hashingiwe ku ngingo runaka z’imigenzo yakorwaga ibwami:

1°- Inzira z’Ubukungu = National Economy Rituals 

1. Inzira y’Ishora = The Way of Watering – for Cattle Prosperity
2. Inzira y’Umuganura = The Way of Premises
3. Inzira ya Rukungugu = The Way of Drought
4. Inzira ya Kivu = The Way of Flooding
5. Inzira y’Inzuki = The Way of Bees Good Productivity
6. Inzira y’Umuhiigo = The Way of Good Hunt
7. Inzira ya Muhekenyi = The Way of Cattle Epidemics

2°- Inzira z’Umutekano = National Security Rituals

8. Inzira y’Inteeko = The Way of the Offensive War Council
9. Inzira y’Inkiiko yabyaye umugaru = The Way of the Troubled Frontier
10. Inzira y’Urugomo = The Way of Riot
11. Inzira y’Urwihisho = The Way of Hideout – at the Death of the King Enemy
12. Inzira yo Kwasiira = The Way of Drum Repairing
13. Inzira yo Kwambika Ingoma= The Way of Dressing the Drums (Enemy’s Trophies)

3°- Inzira z’Ubutegetsi = Good  Gouvernance Rituals (National Politics Rituals)

4. Inzira ya Gicuraasi = The way of National Mourning of Gicurasi (cf. Ndahiro II Cyamatare)
5. Inzira y’Ubwimika = The Way of the Royal Enthronement
6. Inzira y’Ikirogoto = The Way of the Royal Funeral
7. Inzira y’Umuriro = The Way of the Fire (of Gihanga)

UBWIRU bwashyize mu byiciro kandi hashingiwe ku bihe byaranga ubuhinzi n’ubworoz mu Rwanda n’ibindi :

1°- Inzira zishingiye ku bihe zari ebyiri :

1. Inzira ya Gicurasi = The way of The National Mourning of Gicurasi,
2. Inzira y’Umuganura = The Way of Premises

2⁰ – Inzira zishingiye ku migenzo y’ibwami :

3. Inzira y’Ubwimika = The way of the Royal Enthronement
4. Inzira y’Ikirogoto = The way of the Royal Funeral (Umwami yatanze)

3⁰ – Inzira zishingiye ku gusimburana kw’abami n’amazina yabo ku ngoma : (Mutara-Kigeli-Mibambwe-Yuhi-Cyilima)

5. Inzira y’Ishora = The Way of Watering – for Cattle Prosperity (by Mutara and Cyilima)
6. Inzira y’Inteeko = The Way of the Offensive War Council (Expansion by Kigeli and Mibambwe)
7. Inzira y’Umuriro = The Way of the Fire – of Gihanga – ( by Yuhi)

4⁰ – Inzira zabaga zishingiye ku bintu runaka biba bititeguwe.

Inzira y’Inzuki = The Way of Bees or Good Productivity

7. Inzira y’Umuhiigo = The Way of Good Hunt
8. Inzira y’Urugomo = The Way of Riot
9. Inzira yo Kwasiira = The Way of Drum Repairing
10. Inzira yo Kwambika Ingoma= The Way of Dressing the Drums (Enemy’s Trophies)

5⁰ –Inzira zabaga zishingiye ku biza kamere cyangwa ibitero by’abanzi:

3. Inzira ya Rukungugu = The Way of Drought(Uruzuba rwinshi rugaterwa amapfa)
4. Inzira ya Kivu = The Way of Flooding(Imwuzure mu gihugu)
5. Inzira ya Muhekenyi = The Way of Cattle Epidemics
6. Inzira y’Inkiiko yabyaye umugaru = The Way of the Troubled Frontier (Inkiko ni imipaka naho umugaru ni ibyago cyangwa amahano)
7. Inzira y’Urwihisho = The Way of Hideout – at the Death of the King Enemy (Iyo u Rwanda rwabaga rwishe umwami w’igihug cy’amahanga).

Muri make iyi nkuru iragaragaza ko Ubwiru bwari itegeko rikomeye rwagenaga uko abanyarwanda babagaho buri munsi kandi rigafasha mu kugena no kubahiriza inshingano za buri wese mu buzima bw’igihugu.

Mu nkuru itaha ijyanye n’Ubwiru tuzabageho inshingano z’Abiru ndetse n’amoko bagomba guturukamo kuko atari umunyarwanda uwo ari we wese washoboraga kuba umwiru. 

NIZEYIMANA Jean Pierre
UM– USEKE.RW