Kugura, kubitsa no kohererezanya amafaranga binyuze muri ICT byazamura ubukungu – Rwangombwa

Kuri uyu wa kabiri tariki 17 Gashyantare 2015, Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR) yagaragaje uko politiki y’ifaranga ihagaze mu Rwanda n’ingamba zihari zo kubungabunga agaciro karyo. Mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru John Rwangombwa yasabye Abanyarwanda kurushaho gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu guhaha no kohererezanya amafaranga ngo kuko bifite ingaruka nziza ku bukungu bw’igihugu.

Uku kugaragaza uko ifaranga ry’igihugu rihagaze, Banki Nkuru ibikora inshuro ebyiri mu mwaka.

Mu gatabo gato karimo icyegeranyo cy’uko ubukungu buhagaze mu Rwanda, Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yavuze ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwazamutse cyane mu gihembwe cya gatatu cy’umwaka ushize wa 2014, aho bwazamukaga ku gipimo cya 7,8% mu gihe mu gihembwe cya kabiri bwazamutseho 6,1% naho mu cya mbere buzamukaho 7,5%.

Nk’uko byagaragajwe ngo mu mwaka wa 2013, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda ntibwazamutse ku muvuduko wari witezwe, ariko ngo hakurikijwe uko umusaruro w’inganda umeze kuri ubu, uw’ubuhinzi n’ibindi ngo mu mwaka washize wa 2014 ubukungu bwazamutseho 6% nk’uko byari biteganyijwe, mu gihe ubukungu bwari bwazamutseho 4,7% mu mwaka wa 2013.

Nk’uko byagaragajwe, ngo ifaranga ry’u Rwanda rwataye agaciro (inflation) kugera kuri 0,8% hagati y’ukwezi k’Ukuboza 2013 kugera mu Ukuboza 2014, gusa ngo ibi si igitangaza kuko hari bimwe mu bihugu byo mu karere ifaranga ryataye agaciro kugera no kuri hejuru ya 3%.

Avuga ko kuba umusaruro w’ibigo bitanga serivisi nk’amabanki y’abikorera, inganda, ubuhinzi bwaragize umusaruro mwiza, ndetse no kuba ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri Petrole byaraguye ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ngo bizafasha ubukungu bw’u Rwanda kuzamuka.

John Rwangombwa Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru yavuze ko kuba ibiciro bya petrole bimaze kugabanuka kugeza kuri 42,5% bidahita bihindura ibiciro by’ibindi bintu gusa ngo ku rwego mpuzamahanga ibiciro byatangiye kugwa aho ibiciro by’ingendo byagabanutse, ndetse mu mwaka wa 2015-16 ngo bizakomeza kugabanuka kugipimo cya 41,1% ku bikomoka kuri petrole, 1,8% ku byuma, 7,3% ku ifumbire, na 7,2 ku ikawa gusa igiciro cy’icyayi cyo kizazamukaho 1,1% nyuma yo kugwa ku kigereranyo cya 5,6%.

John Rwangombwa yasabye Abanyarwanda n’abandi bakora ubucuruzi mu Rwanda kwitabira gukoresha ikoranabuhanga (ICT) mu kugura ibyo bakeneye, mu kohererezanya amafaranga ndetse no gukoresha ibyuma by’amabanki kuko ngo ahanini bifasha kuzamura ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Rwangombwa yavuze ko gukoresha amakarita ya ‘electronic’ ndetse no kohererezanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe telefoni, ngo byihutisha guhererekanya amafaranga, bikarinda ko hari abayanyereza ndetse ngo bifasha mu kuyarindira umutekano kandi akaba ari hamwe muri banki, bikorohereza Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu mu gukora igenamigambi.

Nkuko byagaragajwe mu Rwanda uburyo bwo kwishyura ibintu hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya RIPPS (Rwanda Integrated Payment Processing System) no kuzigama amafaranga hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa ATS (Automatic Transfer System) bigenda bizamuka gahoro gahoro, aho miyari 2,024 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda zahererekanyijwe binyuze kuri RIPPS mu mwaka wa 2014, mu gihe mu mwaka wa 2013 amafaranga yahererekanyijwe muri ubwo buryo yari miliyari 1,549.

Umubare w’abakoresha amakarita yo kuguza amafaranga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga (debit cards) na wo wazamutseho 31%, uvuye ku bantu 487 498 mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2013, ugera ku bantu 638 869 mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2014. Mu gihe umubare w’abakoresha amacarita akurwaho amafaranga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga (credit cards) wiyongereyeho 201% uva ku bantu 845 mu mwaka wa 2013 ugera ku bantu 2 540 mu mwaka wa 2014.

Umubare w’ibyuma bitanga amafaranga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga (Automatic Teller Machines), na wo warazamutse uva kuri 333 mu mwaka wa 2013, ugera kuri 354 mu mwaka wa 2014, bivuze ko wazamutseho 6%.

U Rwanda ni igihugu cyiri mu nzira y’amajyambere ariko gishaka kuba mu cyerekezo 2020, cyageze mu murwi w’ibihugu bibasha kwihaza mu ngengo y’imari yabyo 100%, ibyo bita mu Cyongereza (Middle income countries).

HATANGIMANA Ange Eric
UM– USEKE.RW