Ku muhanda wa mbere wa kaburimbo ‘mu Rwanda’!
Uyu muhanda wa mbere wagiyemo kaburimbo uva aha ugakomeza kugera kuri Camp Kigali
Site ya mbere y’Umujyi wa Kigali yabayeho yari ahitwaga mu Gakinjiro ku musozi wa Nyarugenge yashinzwe ahagana mu 106 kuko hari hafi y’ahatuye Rezida w’u Rwanda kugeza mu 1916 ubwo Ababiligi baje bakirukana Abadage.
Kugeza mu 1962, Kigali yari ituwe n’abantu 5 640 umujyi uri ahantu hangana na 3Km² gusa nk’uko ibitabo by’amateka bibivuga.
Muri iyo myaka, umuhanda wa mbere washyizwemo kaburimbo muri Kigali ni umuhanda ujya kureshya na 2Km kuva imbere y’ibiro bishya by’Umujyi wa Kigali kugera kuri Camp Kigali.
Icyo gihe wavaga ahari Etat Major muri camp Kigali ukanyura imbere ya Hotel des Diplomates (hari Serena ubu) ugaca imbere y’ahahoze ibiro bya Perezida ukagarukira ahari ka roind point n’ubu kagihari imbere y’ibiro by’Umujyi wa Kigali.
Bivugwa ko waba ari nawo muhanda wa mbere washyizwemo kaburimbo mu Rwanda.
Uko umujyi wa Kigali wagiye waguka, mu bunini no mu baturage niko aha hantu hafatwa nk’ahabanje umujyi hagiye hahinduka nk’uko bigaragara kuri aya mafoto; iya cyera n’iherutse gufatwa n’umunyamakuru w’Umuseke Evode Mugunga.
Photos © E.Mugunga/UM– USEKE
UM– USEKE.RW
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Ndabona Titre y’iyi nkuru inyuranye n’ibyanditswe kuko uyu muhanda muvuga (witwaga “Boulevard Central”) ari uwambere muri Kigali atari mu Rwanda. I Gisenyi na Butare (kera yitwaga Astrida) ho habaga imihanda ya Kaburimbo.
Ibindi bikwiye gukosorwa nuko uyu muhanda muvuga (1) udafite km2 kandi (2) wanyuraga imbere ya Hôtel des Diplomates
Kuki mukomeza kudusanisha nabadage kandi muzi amahano bakoze muri 1940-1945? Ibyo bihatse iki? Ese murashaka kutwibutsa ko bababanye neza numwami Musinga?
Aha muratubeshye kuko umuhanda wa mbere wagiyemo kabulimbo mu Rwanda uri i RUSIZI. guhera ku mupaka na Congo kuri Rusizi II ugana ku kibuga cy’indege cya Kamembe hari mu myaka ya za 30(1930) cg mbere yaho ari naho hubatswe ikibuga cy’indege cya mbere mu Rwanda kirimo kaburimbo. Uwo muhanda waje no gukomeza werekeza Bugarama wambuka ugaba i Bujumbura mu Burundi.
Hari abantu bajya bavuga iby’iterambere ry’u Rwanda muri rusange n’irya Kigali by’umwihariko bakagira ngo hari ikintu abakoloni badusigiye gifatika cyo kubakiraho. Kigali ntiyabagaho uyigereranyije n’imigi nka Bukavu na Goma, ababiligi bubatse bumva bari mu gihugu cyabo, kuko Kongo mbiligi bayitaga umutungo bwite w’umwami wabo Baudouin (propriété du Roi des Belges).
Usibye gusiga umurwa mukuru Kigali utagira umujyi ufatika, urutwa na Butare, igihugu kitagira kaminuza, ikibuga cy’indege i Kanombe nta kaburimbo irimo, nta n’abanyarwanda bize bahagaije bari bahari bo gushyira ibintu mu maboko yabo bumva neza ibyo ari byo. Kuzageza mu myaka ya 1980, hariya ku Kacyiru hari hagituye abatwa mu tururi tw’ibyatsi, batwika inkono umwotsi ukagera no muri Hoteli Umubano ikimara kuzura, abayirimo bagasohoka biruka.
Ku Kicukiro hari hakiri imashiro ry’abasirikare bahitoreza. Naho ahagana Masaka kugeza muri 1970 hari hakiri amashyamba abamo inyamaswa z’inkazi. Kimihurura na Kacyiru gusubiza i Remera, hinjijwe mu mbago z’umujyi nyuma ya 1975. Ni imwe mu mpamvu ya turiya tujagari twose, kuko abashinzwe gutunganya umujyi bataharebaga, ntihabaga hari mu nshingano zabo. Umujyi wari Plateau ya Nyarugenge na Kiyovu gusa. Nyamirambo itarabaho, Biryogo na yo ari yo Quartier Swahili yo mu nkengero z’umujyi. Abahatuye kubimura byanabaye ingorabahizi kuko Umwami Rudahigwa yari yarabahaye za titres de propriété.
Mu gihe abatekereje gutunganya umujyi utaranabaho mu mutwe wabo bashyizemo imihanda nk’iriya yo mu Kiyovu cyangwa uva ku Kibuga cy’indege ugera mu Mujyi hagati no ku Kacyiru, iya za stades Amahoro cyangwa Rond-Point-Nyamirambo-Kimisagara, umujyi utaragira n’abantu ibihumbi 50, ababishinzwe uyu munsi numva na bo bakwiye kureba kure, bagatangira kubaka za echangeurs na Tramways mu mujyi. Nka hariya ku Gishushu hari ahantu heza cyane ho kubaka unyura munsi y’uva i Kanombe, ariko aho wari gucishwa hagiye kuzura igorofa!
Murebe uduhanda duto twa za Gasabo dusigaye twuzuye embouteillages, kuko utakwagura umuhanda wamaze gukikizwa n’amagorofa muri metero zitageze no ku icumi z’intera (empattement). Dutekereze ko imihanda ya kaburimbo iduhuza n’amahanga yose yakozwe nyuma ya 1970. Cyangwa ko twabonye ubwigenge urugomero rw’amashanyarazi tugira ari urwa Ntaruka gusa, nta megawatts na 15 igihugu kigira.
Ibi byose mbivugiye ko hari abajya bavuga ngo imyaka 32 ya nyuma y’ubwigenge (1962-1994) yabaye imfabusa. Nyamara hari abantu biyushye akuya n’ubwo ibyo bakoze tubikuba na zero. Ikintu gifatika mbona ababiligi badusigiye, ni ariya mashuri yubakwaga na Fonds du Bien-Etre Indigene, ayisumbuye cyane cyane. Na bwo kandi byasabye ingufu za Rudahigwa.
@Safi; “Kimihurura na Kacyiru gusubiza i Remera, hinjijwe mu mbago z’umujyi nyuma ya 1975. Ni imwe mu mpamvu ya turiya tujagari twose, kuko abashinzwe gutunganya umujyi bataharebaga, ntihabaga hari mu nshingano zabo. Umujyi wari Plateau ya Nyarugenge na Kiyovu gusa. Nyamirambo itarabaho, Biryogo na yo ari yo Quartier Swahili yo mu nkengero z’umujyi. Abahatuye kubimura byanabaye ingorabahizi kuko Umwami Rudahigwa yari yarabahaye za titres de propriété”.
Commentaires zawe zuzuyemo amarangamutima, kugoreka no gukikira ukuri ndetse n’ibinyoma njya nibaza icyo zigamije bikanshobera. Ese iyo wihandagaza uvuga ko utujagari two muri ibyo bice twatewe n’uko hatari mu gace k’umugi ubwo turiya tujagari twose twa za kicukiro na Remera twubatswe mbere ya 1975 ko wumva aho hantu ari bwo hashizwe mu mugi? Wakwemeye ko abayobozi b’icyo gihe nta gishushanyo mbonera bagiraga cyangwa niba cyari gihari kitarakurikizwaga kubera impamvu zishingiye kuri ruswa n’indi miyoborere mibi yaranze icyo gihe?
Noneho uranyemeje ubwo uhamya ko za nyamirambo na biryogo zimezwe kuriya kubera ko ngo Leta yatinyaga titres de propriete zatanzwe na Rudahigwa! Uwapfuye yarihuse kabisa atumvise uburyo Leta ikomora amatwara kuri Parmehutu yatinyaga ikanubaha ibyemezo bya Rudahigwa? Ese harya kwica abantu no kubaheza mu buhunzi nibyo byari byoroshye kurusha kubimura ubashakira imibereho myiza? Ese itegeko ryashyiragaho izo titres de proprieties ryari hejuru y’andi mategeko ku buryo ritashoboraga guhindurwa cyangwa se kuvugururwa cyane cyane hagamijwe inyungu rusange? Twagiye tuvugisha ukuri tukareka kugoreka amateka no mu bidakenewe koko?
“Ibi byose mbivugiye ko hari abajya bavuga ngo imyaka 32 ya nyuma y’ubwigenge (1962-1994) yabaye imfabusa. Nyamara hari abantu biyushye akuya n’ubwo ibyo bakoze tubikuba na zero”
Ni byo koko hari ibyakozwe byiza mu bikorwa remezo kandi bikwiye gushimwa ariko kandi kuvuga ko iyo myaka yabaye imfabusa ni ukureba ibyagombye kuba byarakozwe muri icyo gihe cyose ubigereranyije n’ibyakozwe ndetse n’ubushobozi bwari buhari ugakora icyo bita bilan. Bilan y’iyo myaka yose rero iba negative kuko politiki rusange yayoboraga Leta yari ishingiye ku mwiryane, kwikubira, irondakoko n’irondakarere, gutonesha, icyenewabo, amacakubiri, n’ibindi bibi byinshi bityo bikazambya igenamigambi. Ngiyo impamvu usanga nk’ibitaro byiza bimeze kuriya byubakwaga i Kaduha ahantu hatagira amashanyarazi n’imihanda cyangwa se ugashyira campus ahantu nk’i nyakinama mu mirima hatari igikorwa remezo na kimwe. Ngayo nguko ibya safi na Repubulika ze zamuhogoje adasiba kurata ubutwari.
@Joel, biragaragara ko nawe utoroshye ku marangamutima. None se iyo bazanye subject y’amateka hano ku rubuga, wagira ngo tujye tuyivugaho ibya none? Ni byiza ubwo wowe ubu ufite amahirwe yo kuyoborwa na Leta itarangwaho imyiryane, kwikubira, irondakoko n’irondakarere, gutonesha, icyenewabo n’amacakubiri (sic/I just quote). Icyo witwa igishushanyo mbonera uyu munsi, mu myaka 40 ishize ntawari kukivuga kuko logique ya planning gikorwamo ntayari ihari. Ikintu kitwa planification cyari kikiri umwihariko w’ibihugu by’abasosiyalisti, ibyo mu burengerazuba bikivuga ko bidashobora kuyobora economy ngo uyerekeze aho ushaka, kandi ni bo twakurikiraga kuko ari bo baduhaga amafaranga.
Va mu gutekereza ko ibiri evident uyu munsi ejo nabwo ari ko byari bimeze. Ubanza amaherezo wabaza n’impamvu muri 1980 nta banki yakoreshaga ATM, cyangwa impamvu abaturage batagiraga Mobile Phone. Naho ku bijyanye na kariya kajagari, igicce kimwe ni icya mbere y’uko utwo duce dushyirwa mu mujyi wa Kigali, ikindi, kandi kinini, cyubatswe mu gihe cya guverinoma y’inzibacyuho (1991-1994), kuko wabonaga abantu benshi bakora ibyo bishakiye nta gitangira. Na nyuma y’icyo gihe guca akajagari mu bwubqtsi byafashe ingufu nyinshi cyane, n’ubu rugeretse.
Ni na bwo nk’uriya muhanda uva Rwandex ujya mu giporoso abiyitaga abakombozi bahatanze ibibanza hakazamurwa za etajes kandi hagombaga kwagurwa umuhanda w’inzira ebyiri nk’uko byari byarakozwe i Gikondo hasi. Ni urugero rumwe gusa ntanze.
@Safi, wa mugabo we waretse kuyobya uburari ushaka kubeshya abadakurikira. Icya mbere nagirango nkubwire ko atari jye njyenyine ufite amahirwe yo kuyoborwa na Leta itagendera ku ivangura ahubwo ni abanyarwanda bose ndetse nawe urimo nubwo ndora ufite gahunda yo kwiheza nubwo ntawuguheje kuko ibintu byose uba ubirebera muri retroviseur kandi imodoka ikomeje urugendo. Ibyo kandi si inkuru mbarirano uzongere wumve za ndirimbo z’abanyuramatwi zibutsaga bamwe mu banyarwanda ko aribo bene igihugu naho abandi kuba banakirimo ari impuhwe. Cyangwa uzumve wa muhango wa buri mwaka mu mashuri wo kubaza abana ubwoko bwabo. Izo ni ingero gusa za Leta itavangura.
Naho ibyo kuvuga ko mwatinyaga igitsure cya occident bityo ntimukore Economie planifiee nk’iyabasosiyalisiti akaba aribyo byababuzaga gukora igenamigambi rinoze ujye ubibeshya abadosoma n’abandi baheranywe n’amateka. Harya za plans quinquenaux(imigambi y’imyaka 5)zo kubwa MRND ubwo byari iki? Tandukanya logique ya planification iba muri buri systeme economique na Economie dirigee. Ari byo se Minisiteri y’imigambi ya Leta (MINIPLAN) ko yahozeho ubwo yari ishinzwe iki?
Ikindi kandi sibyo kuvuga ko akajagari kaje nyuma mu gihe cya Leta y’amashyaka. Muri 1964 nibwo habaye bwa mbere plan d’amenagement et d’urbanisation isimburwa na plan directeur de la ville mu 1982. Ibyo byose nta na kimwe cyigeze gishyirwa mu bikorwa ulo byari biteganijwe kubera cya gitugu, ruswa no kutagira icyerekezo byaranganga Leta. Dore source:(SIRVEN P., La sous urbanisation et les villes du Rwanda et du Burundi, Thèse de doctorat en géographie, Bordeaux, 1984).
Biratangaje kubona hari abantu nyuma y’imyaka 20 badashobora kwireba mu ndorerwamo ngo bemere amakosa bakoze ahubwo na nubu bakaba bisobanura bayashyira ku bandi ndetse n’ibigaragarira amaso bidakeneye isesengura. Bibaye nka bya bindi bya Habyalimana wavugaga ko yatewe atunguwe! Ese ubwo budget yajyaga mu nzego z’iperereza yapfiraga iki ubusa? Za ambassade se zo ubwo zari zimaze iki? Wamara kwambika ipeti rya Jenerali mu ngabo z’ikindi gihugu umwana w’abo wamenesheje mu gihugu cyabo ejo aguteye uti sinari mbyiteze?
Safi we ibya Repubulika zawe ni agatereranzamba uwabivuga ntiyabirangiza wa mugani harabaye ntihakabe kandi ukize inkuba arayiganira koko.
@Joel, Iyo MINIPLAN Habyarimana yahaga aba ministres b’abatutsi (Iyamuremye Daniel w’i Kibungo, na Ambroise Mulindangabo wo ku Gikongoro), wagira ngo bayihaga akahe gaciro mbere? Yari coquille vide. Washoboraga kureba imishinga itahwa buri mwaka muri quinzaine de projets, ugasanga imyinshi itari yarateganyijwe mu buryo bwerekana n’aho amafranga yo kuyishyira mu bikorwa azava n’ingengabihe yayo. Kubera impamvu imwe nyamukuru: Nta mafaranga afatika abaterankunga bayihaga. Yagiye mu maboko ya Augustin Ngirabatware ariko abo baterankunga batangiye nabo kumva agaciro ka planning bamenammo amafranga, abaryi na bo bahatera amatako. Imaze kuba ibiryo bihiye.
@ Safi: Mu magambo macye ndumva wemeranya nanjye ko imikorere n’imiyoborere yo muri Repubulika ya 1 n’iya 2 itari ihwitse. Bityo icyo ntumva ni uburyo uba ubasingiza nk’abafatwaho reference!?
Ikindi uritiranya planification(Planning) na (Mise en execution)aribyo implementation. None se nyine ko MINIPLAN yari ishinzwe gutegura imishinga bihuriye he n’amafaranga y’abaterankunga ko Atari yo yari ishinzwe kuyishyira mu bikorwa?
Izo nenge ugaragaje zarangaga iyo minisiteri zirerekana uburyo ubuyobozi bukuru bw’igihugu n’ishyaka aribyo byari nyirabayazana w’idindira ry’igihugu. Umuyobozi mukuru utumva uruhare rwa planning mu iterambere ry’igihugu mu kinyejana cya 20! Ababirigi nibagende baradukoze koko bo basize bashyize u Rwanda mu maboko y’abayobozi nkabo.
@Joel, Buri ngoma igira abantu b’inyangamugayo bitangira akazi uko bikwiye, abakora bakanakoramo, n’abaryi b’inkorabusa bahora mu matiku. N’uyu munsi iyo tuburira irengero miliyari zirenga 212 ku ngengo y’imari ya miliyari 1900 (raporo y”umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta), nuko ari ko bikimeze. Ku bwa Habyarimana, byavugwaga ko abantu 2 ari bo bigambye ko bageze kuri miliyari y’amafranga ari abakozi ba Leta: Nsekalije na Nzirorera. Ariko uyu munsi ubaruye abakozi ba Leta bayafite, ubanza n’ijana wabarenza. Naho iby’imishinga n’iteganyamigambi, ujye undebera umubare wa NGOs nyarwanda zibona ikintu kijemo agafaranga zigahita zisimbukira muri ako kazi, kandi katari muri misiyo y’ibanze yabo. Na Leta za hambere niko zakoraga. Iyo ibyo zifuzaga gukora byaburaga amafaranga, zakoraga ibyo abaterankunga biteguye kuyatangamo, bo bihitiyemo. Ubutwari bwo kuvuga OYA umuntu akujyana mu bitari priorités zawe ntabwo bwari buhagije. Uyu munsi burahari ariko ikiguzi cyabwo nawe urabizi ko kiremereye cyane. Nawe urabibona ko ba Mpatsibihugu batangiye kugenda bakanyaga umukanda. Ibyo kwigira biracyari inzozi.
@ Joel,
Haaaaaaa!!! Leta itavangura??? Uzarebe abantu bafite ingufu mugihugu nabafite amafranga abaribo??? Urashaka kubwirako bafite bakora kurusha abandi? Urashaka se kubwirako ari abahanga kurusha abandi?
@ Simba: Duhe urutonde rwabo ndumva ubazi kundusha. Gusa icyo mpamya ndashidikanya kandi nawe wakwemeza ni uko abo banyabubasha ntari numva bavuga ko hari uwo bazasubiza iyo yaturutse bamunyujije iyubusamo nkuko Leon Mugesera yabivugaga aho gufungwa agatorokeshwa bigaragara ko yari ashyigikiwe, ahubwo ibyo numva ni uko twese twagombye kwibona nk’abanyarwanda, tugakora cyane , tukihesha agaciro kandi tukigira,yewe ntibaravuga ko uRwanda ari nk’ikirahure cyuzuye ku buryo ibyo bivutsa impunzi uburenganzira ku gihugu ahubwo ibyo mbona ni uko bashishikajwe no gukuraho izina mpunzi ku munyarwanda; sinari numva bavuga ko umwana wa Ngofero adakwiye kubona ishuri uwa Burugumesitiri(Meya) yaribuze ahubwo ababyeyi batohereza abana mu mashuri ndetse n’abayobozi babirebera umenya batorohewe kubera igitsure cya Leta. Abanyeshuri bahabwa imyanya kuko batsinze(harebwe amanota) atari uko bemerewe(harebwe amoko n’uturere) Ngibyo ibyo bita kutavangura naho ibindi urimo ni speculation.
@Mushi jyubanza usome neza mbere yo gutanga igitekerezo!bavuze umuhanda wagiyemo kaburimbo bwa mbere muri kigali! ntago bavuze mu Rwanda! uretse ko nayo makuru yawe tutapfa guhita tuyemera!
Urabikosoye neza rwose Rugema ntabwo ari Hotel Kiyovu ahubeo ni Hotel des Diplomates niyo yari yubatse ahubatse Hotel Serena ubu ngubu hafi ya CHUK.
@Joel, nta yindi mpamvu yatumye uriya muhanda uturuka ku Rond Point unyura ku Gitega ujya i Nyamirambo wigabanyamo ibiri iyo ugeze kuri Onatracom (mito yari ihasanzwe), ukongera guhura urenze ziriya nzu z’abayislamu zihari. Umushinga ubundi kwari ukuwubaka ungana kuriya kuva Rond Point kugeza ku ryanyuma. Ariko Leta yananiwe kumvikana n’abasaza bari bahatuye ngo ibimure, amazu atanakanganye ashakaje amadebe, n’umusigiti uciriritse. Baca ayo bashaka menshi cyane, harimo n’abadashaka kwimuka na busa, abanyamategeko bakemeza ko bari mu kuri, kubera titres de propriétés zabo. Kumva Republika zasimbuye ubwami zitari kubahiriza ibyasinywe na Rudahigwa ni ukwibeshya cyane. Bari bayobewe se principe ya continuité de l’Etat icyo ivuga kuri iyo ngingo? Guhutaza abayislamu ba hariya kandi bari babanye neza na Kaddhafi nta nyungu yari irimo, dore ko ari nawe watanze amafranga yo gukora umuhanda wa Nyamirambo-Kimisagara-Nyabugogo. Iyaba wari uzi ko hari n’amategeko yasinywe na Rudahigwa akavugururwa nyuma ya 1994, Republika ebyiri zibanza zarayubahirije! N’uyu muinsi nubona abantu bavogera umutungo utimukanwa w’abantu bafite titres de propriété, nta rukiko rwateje cyamunara mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, ujye ubabwira bagende buhoro. Baba bapfunyikira amazi abazabakurikira. Usibye ko muri Afrika hari abagera ku butegetsi ukabona bakora nk’aho bubaye ubukonde bwabo ubuziraherezo. Nyamara ibihe bihora bisimburana iteka.
@Umusaza: Sinanze principe de la continuite de lEtat ariko kandi ndumva expropriation inyuze mu mucyo no mu kuri kandi umuturage umwereka inyungu ze n’inyungu rusange itabura kuba yemewe. Harya ubwo uwo muturage bigeretseho w’umusilamu wari warananiye Leta n’uwa hehe ra? Ahubwo ibyo uvuga birashimangira uburyo abo bategetsi nta vision bari bafite. Naho kubatwerera ko babiterwaga no kuba ari Leta igendera ku mategeko byo uzabibeshye abandi. Kuki se bibagiwe gusimbuza ayo mategeko ya Rudahigwa amashya aboneye iterambere bakibuka gushyiraho agenera za komine imitungo y’impunzi nubwo nyuma yigabijwe n’abategetsi? Naho ibyo gutega abantu iminsi ntacyo bivuze n’ imvura ya 1994 yarahise kandi ntibyari ku bushake bw’abari bayishimiye. Ibyo bihe bihora bisimburana ndibwira ko bitazagaruka muri rya curaburindi rya “uzi ico ndi co mwa” n’ibindi nk’ibyo. “Rwanda has changed for good and forever”. Dixit H.E Kagame.
Nge mbona mushaka kurwanisha ibyahise nibiriho ubu murwanda bitewe nibibari mumitima. Icyo mwembo joel na Safi muri gupfa twe abasomyi turi kucyumva. Gusa harimo aho mushaka kuvugisha ukuri ariko ikibarimo kikabaganza. Ndumva muzi byinshi mushobora kuba mukuze rwose ariko ibyo mufite mumitwe yanyu mbisabire ntimuzabirage abana banyu.
@ komera Joel were!
Ndabona ibyo unenga leta yavuyeho atariko yasenyeraga abaturage kungufu, ngo baje kukarubanda nkabamwe mperunse kunva barwanira pneumonia kubera kurara hanze kuko amazu yasenwe niyo leta. Ndabona ibyo unenga letavuyeho ari uko yubahirizaga amategeko yasinwe na Rudahigwa, ukayinenga ko yaguriye kumwamikazi Gicanda iriyanzu yumwami irinyanza ntiyifatekungufu nkimwe ya Habyalimana. Uribeshya niba wunvako gusenya ibyo usanze ugashyiraho ibyawe aribwo niryo bwiza bwo kuyobora. Ese uzayobora urwanda wese azaza asenya, handura namategeko kuberako yasinwe nuwamubanjiirije?
@Sima Jean
Ese ubu bibaye impamo abanyarwanda bamwe mwiyemeje guheranwa n’amateka pe no kwibera impumyi ku bushake. Ubwo umpaye ingero z’imikorere mibi kandi bishobora kuba ari byo kuki wibagiwe kumpa izabayobozi bafunzwe cyangwa se begujwe kubera iyo mikorere kandi ku nzego zose ni uko utabazi se? Hanyuma ubwo wari gusubira inyuma ukambwira ababa baregujwe cg bajyanywe mu nkiko kubera bene iyo migirire mu gihe cya Repubulika ya 1 ni iya 2 tukagereranya tukareba. Iby’ Umwamikazi byihorere ntabyo uzi. Imitungo yose ya Rudahigwa bari barayimwambuye bavuga ko itagira nyirayo kandi uwo bashakanye yari ahari. Icyo gihe bayihaye Komini Nyabisindu nyuma abategetsi barayigabanira. Uzasome igitabo cya senateur Mugesera arabisobanura mu buryo burambuye. Naho ibyo urwo rukundo mwari mumufitiye tuzi uko byarangiye aho nta gishya nkubwira. Ikindi wanyumvise nabi niba wasomye postings zanjye zose sinigeze mvuga ko uburyo bwiza bwo kuyobora ari ugusenya ibyo usanze ahubwo ni ukugira planning na vision bityo bikagufasha gushyiraho uburyo bwo kubishyira mu bikorwa bityo amategeko atanoze akavugururwa ariko ikigamijwe ari iterambere rirambye kandi mu nyungu rusange.(Institutional and legal framework) Si ugupfa guhindagura rero.
Sha joel uri umuntu w umugabo
Aba bajya impaka iyo babanza bakareba neza ifoto yo mu kirere yerekana uko Umujyi wa Kigali wari umeze muri 1968, hari byinshi batari kuba batayeho igihe babijyaho impaka.
Uyu muryankuna-Joel se ko ndeba yipfuka igitambaro akagirango ubwenge bwo burasigara bukora neza ! Nkunze comment y’uwiyise AKUMIRO, aba uvuga bategekaga u Rwanda kugera muri 1959, ntabwo wabonye uko basize igihugu kimeze bakagisiga bakiruka: nta muhanda, nta office, inzu z’ibyatsi mu gihugu cyose, nta vuriro, amashule mbarwa…none urimo urazana amarangamutima hano ! Bariya bahutu bombi barakoze igihugu cyane bitagereranywa igihugu bagiha isura imbere no hanze, kimwe n’uko na bano batutsi barimo kucyubaka uretse ko batageza ahabo.
Niko Joel we, aka kajagari karimo kuvuka Ruyenzi, Karuruma, Muyumbu, Ndera, Nyagasambu, Nyamata, Karembure…mu myaka 40 tuzavuge ko Leta ya Kagame ntacyo yakoze, ko impavu y’ako kajagari ari….Uteye isesemi kabisa.
@ Zawadi
Wagiye umenya kujya impaka ukareka gutukana. Iyo ubwira umuntu ko ateye isesemi uba ugamije kugera kuki? Ikindi ibyo byo kurebera ibintu byose mu ndorerwamo y’amako ni analyse iteye ite? Icyo nzi cyo ni uko u Rwanda rw’ubu rurimo kubakwa n’abanyarwanda bose ndetse n’abanyamahanga bahashora imari ntabwo ari umurimo w’abatutsi gusa. Naho ibyo kuvuga ko Repubulika ya 1 n’iya 2 bubatse igihugu ku buryo abandi batazageza ahabo ni ya marangamutima na ya propaganda y’abamilita ba muvoma. Nta facts watanze niyo mpamvu ntajya muri iryo gereranya ridafite icyo rishingiyeho. Unyibukije umumilita mugenzi wawe mu mpera za 94 wigeze kumbwira ko ngo burya mu ngabo zose zibaho zikomeye FAR ari za mbere nkeka ko atatinze kubona ko nubwo yirengangizaga ukuri nkana nyuma y’imyaka mike yabonye ko propaganda igera aho nabayemera bagatangira kuyibazaho.
Bien dit zawadi…..ugiye hagati rwose….amakosa Ubu arahari….kandi na kera yarakozwe….ikibabaje Ubu ni uko haba hari usubiramo ayakozwe mbere…..ikindi ni uko bizababaza hagize uvuga KO kagame ntacyo yakoze nyuma ye..nkuko bibabaje kuvuga KO habyara atubatse iki gihugu…..ninde wambwira aho abadepite bari gukorera….CG batallion y inkotanyi yarwanye ku banyarwanda yari kuba iri iyo idacumbikirwa muri cnd…inzu mpamya KO ikomeye kurusha na convention…….Ubu convention yagwaho ibisasu NK ibyaguye cnd ikaramuka….ikindi imirenge yose na za district n iyihe itarakoreye mû nzu zasizwe na habyara….nyamara……banyarwanda twibone mû gihugu kimwe tucyubake tutishinze ngo kiyobowe na nde
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