Guhindagurika kw’ikirere kwatumye muntu agenda amenya ubwenge

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko imiterere y’abakurambere ba muntu (ibisabantu:primates) bagiye bagira ihindagurika ry’ibice by’umubiri wabo harimo inzasaya, uruhanga n’uruti tw’umugongo bitewe n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere. Uko imyaka yagiye itambuka niko umuntu uruhanga rwe rwagiye ruba runini, ubwonko bwe bwagiye buba bwinshi, ubwenge buriyongera.

Ibi byagiye bituma ukoishusho muntu ihinduka ariko yagiye amenya ubwenge bwo gukora ibikoresho bibafasha kwirinda ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje n’ibindi bijyana nabyo harimo imyuzure, ubutayu, amashyamba n’ibindi.

Umubare munini w’abashakashatsi wemeza ko kuba ubushyuhe ku isi bwarahindutse byatumwe ibice by’umubiri w’ibisabantu ( primates) bihunduka bitewe n’ingaruka iri hinduka ryagize ku ntimatima y’uturemangingo fatizo, DNA.

Uruhanga rwragutse urwasaya ruragabanuka, ubwonko bwarakuze buba bunini bityo bushobora gutekereza cyane ku cyakorwa ngo haboneke ibikoresho bifatika byafasha muntu guhangana n’ibihe bibi byatewe n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

Umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Colombia witwa Peter deMenocal,yabwiye ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku mateka y’ibinyabuzima bya kera (paleo-anthropology) cyitwa The Smithsonian Institute ko ibi bivugwa bikiri ibisobanuro bitangwa n’abanyabwenge ariko ko ubushakashatsi busesuye buzakorwa hagamijwe kureba impamo y’ibi bisobanuro(scientific evidence).

Ibizava muri ubu bushakashatsi bizerekana ko ihindugurika ry’ikirere cyagize uruhare mu kwirema kw’imyanya imwe n’imwe y’umubiri harimo n’urwungano rw’amagufwa bityo bigafasha ibisabantu( ari nabyo byaje kuvamo abantu nk’uko ‘evolutionary theory’ ibivuga) kubasha gukora imirimo yatumye bidahitanwa n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

Umuhanga Rick Potts avuga ko kimwe mu bintu byerekana ko ibi ari ukuri bigaragarira ku byavumbuwe ku mugore witwa Lucy ( abahanga bita Australopithecus afarensis ) kuko basanze mu myaka miliyoni 3 yashize abo mu bwoko bwa Lucy bose barashize hagatangira abandi biswe Homo sapiens  (bavuga ko ari we muntu wana).

Kuva Homo sapiens yabaho ngo nibwo ibikoresho bikoze mu byuma, mu mabuye no mu biti byo kwitabaza mu bibazo byatangiye gukorwa, kugeza ku bikoresho by’ubuhanga butangaje muntu wa none yakoze kubera ubwonko butekereza cyane kandi bushobora gukora ibintu byinshi icya rimwe.

Ikindi ngo cyerekana ko ihindagurika ry’ikirere ariryo ryatumye abantu bamenya ubwenge, ngo n’uko mu myaka miliyoni n’igice ishize homo sapiens yatangiye kuva muri Africa akajya mu tundi duce tw’isi ahunze ubutayu bwari butangiye gukwira mu duce twinshi kubera igabanuka ry’ibiti n’amashyamba.

Yongeyeho ko guhinduka kw’ikirere ari byo byatumye uruti rw’umugongo rw’ibisabantu rweguka, umuntu agatangira kugenda yemye kuko icyo gihe atari agikeneye kurira ibiti ahubwo yashoboraga kubisoroma yemye.

Umwarimu witwa Mark Maslin wo muru University College London (UCL) asanga kandi ubushakashatsi bwimbitse buzakorerwa mu umuhora witwa Great Rift Valley uca mu bihugu bya Ethiopia, Kenya na Tanzania kuko aha ariho bivugwa ko umuryango wa mbere w’abantuv (homo-sapiens) watuye , bityo kwiga uko babagaho no kumenya uko amabuye, ibiti n’ibindi byakoreshejwe n’abo byari biteye bikazafasha abashakashatsi kumeny ukuri y’ibitekerezo bya bya gihanga.

Uko ikirere cyagiye gihinduka niko abantu bagiye bimuka mu duce runaka bajya mu tundi bahunga ibihe bibi basanga ibice birimo ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukonje babasha kwihanganira.

Uko bagiye bashakana bakabyarana ndetse n’ingaruka kuri DNA y’imibiri wabo bitewe n’ikirere ngo nibyo byagennye isura yabo, igihagararo ndetse n’ubunini bw’ubwonko bwabo.

Nubwo aba bahanga bemeza ibi, abemera irema bavuga ko Imana ariyo yaremye byose, igiterezo kinyuranya n’iki cy’uko abantu bagiye bahindagurika.

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NIZEYIMANA Jean Pierre
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