Bye bye cachet na za borderaux mu Rwanda!! Ikoranabuhanga rya PKI ngo rije kubisimbura
Kigali – Inyandiko iriho umukono na cachet iramenyerewe cyane mu Rwanda kandi ifatwa cyane nk’umwimerere, cachet kimwe n’impampuro za borderaux zo ku ma Bank mu Rwanda ngo bishobora gucika vuba kubera ikoranabuhanga rya Public Key Infrastructures (PKI) rigiye kwinjizwa aho ibi byakoreshwaga cyane.
Byatanagajwe kuri uyu wa kane na Minisiteri y’urubyiruko n’ikoranabuhanga ubwo habaga inama ku mikorere n’imikoreshereze y’iri koranabuhanga rya PKI rigiye kuzanwa mu Rwanda ku nkunga ya KICA (Korea Information Certificate Authority) binyuze muri Rwanda Development Board, RDB.
Muri iyi nama yitabiriwe n’abahagarariye ibigo bya Leta n’ibyigenga batangarijwe ko iri koranabuhanga rishobora kuvanaho imikoreshereze ya za chachet na za borderaux.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) ni uburyo bunyuranye bwo gucunga, gukoresha, kubika, gutanga inyandiko mu buryo buri ‘digital’ kandi zikaba zifite icyemeza umwimerere wazo (public-key encryption).
Intego ya PKI ni ukurinda cyane amakuru cyangwa inyandiko mu gihe zihererekanywa mu bantu benshi nko mu bucuruzi, internet banking n’ubutumwa bw’amabanga akomeye kuri Internet (confidential e mails). PKI ikoreshwa aho Password zisanzwe ziba zifatwa nk’uburyo budahagije mu kumenya umwimerere w’ikintu ahaba hakenewe icyemeza bya nyabyo koko uwanditse ubutumwa, icyangombwa mbere yo kukigenera abantu benshi.
Minisitiri Jean Philbert Nsengimanakuri yavuze ko mu rwego rwo guteza imbere gahunda ya SMART RWANDA bagiye gushyira imbaraga muri gahunda ya PKI ku buryo uyu mwaka warangira za cachet na borderaux hari aho bigeze bicika.
Minisitiri Nsengimana ati “Ubusanzwe nabwo chachet ntabwo iba yizewe 100%, ikindi ni umwanya wo kujya kureba umuntu ngo aguterere cachet ku rupapuro, ibi bigomba kuba amateka kuko n’izo mpapuro ubwazo zitwa amafaranga zikangiza ibidukikije mu gihe hari ikoranabuhanga rishobora kubikemura byose.”
Minisitiri Nsengimana avuga ko guca za chachet bizihutisha serivisi, bihe inyungu abakora ubucuruzi barusheho kwihutisha imirimo yabo bakoresha ‘digital signatures’. Iri koranabuhanga kandi ngo rizaca ubujura bwibishije za chachet mpimbano n’abantu bigana za imikono y’abantu bakajya kubikuza amafaranga yabo muri Bank.
Major Regis Gatarayiha umuyobozi w’ishami rya ICT muri RDB avuga ko ikoranabuhanga rya PKI mu Rwanda rizaba rigaragaza ubushake bwo kugira u Rwanda ahantu hatekanye ho gukorera business wifashishije ikoranabuhanga ndese na ‘online business’.
Maj Gatarayiha ati “PKI itanga ikizere gishoboka kuri gahunda ya Smart Rwanda igamije kugira ICT ingenzi cyane mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu.”
Ubu buryo bwa PKI butuma ubukoresha ashobora atanga icyemeza ibyo yakoze ko ari we koko wabikoze yifashishije ikoranabuhanga kuri telephone cyangwa mudasobwa ye, nubwo icyo cyemezo watanze cyabikwa n’undi ntaba ashobora kugihindura ngo agikoreshe mu izina ryawe mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose.
Muri iyi nama bavuze ko PKI ari bwo buryo bwa mbere bwizewe ku isi mu kwemeza ibyo wakoze ku nyandiko ku cyemezo runaka cyangwa indi ‘document’ yose yakenerwa na benshi.
PKI ku muntu, itsinda ry’abantu (association) cyangwa company ikora business ngo izajya itangwa na RDB mu gihe kitarenze iminota 15 uyihawe anerekwe uko ikoreshwa.
Joselyne UWASE
UM– USEKE.RW
English
14 Comments
Nabyo bazabiprata, na facture za EBM barazipirata nkanswe ibyo?
Ibi bintu nibyiza,Ict yaziye igihe.
Ariko muzi kwiyemera weee! ibyo hano muli England,byaratangiye nyuma y’amezi 6 gusa batangiye kubyibisha bakoresheja(Piratage)nuko byose barabyihorera.NONE NGO MWE MUGIYE KUBITANGIZA? NI AMAJYAMBERE SE MUBONYE CG ntimukurikira? mubitangize ubundi nzahita niba Amafr yose yo muli BNR
Ariko mukunda ikoranabuhanga mugakabya. Ngaho nimubitangize turebe, muzashaka kubihagarika harangiritse byinshi, bitagifite igaruriro.
Urabe wumva Philbert
Ni ukubyitondera, ejo batazadusahura dore ko abakamiritse ICT basigaye ari benshi kw’Isi cyane ko n’amabanga yo muri Pentagon basigaye bayinjiramo!
Rwose ndisabira Minisitiri NSENGIMANA Jean Philbert “de garder ses pieds sur terre”. Mureke gusamarira ibiguruka byose ngo ni ikoranabuhanga. Nimubanze mushishoze murebe niba uwo ubizanye atishakira ubucuruzi bwe gusa ko butera imbere nta nyungu bifitiye igihugu cyacu, cyane koibyo bintu bya PKI aho byageragejwe mu bihugu biteye imbere bageze aho barabihagarika, kuko babonaga bikurura ibibazo by’insobe. Muramenye rwose murebe neza ejo mutazisama mwasandaye.
Ikintu cyitwa ICT mu Rwanda kigiye kuzatuma abaturage batamenya neza iyo tujya, barimo barajarajaza abaturage bagatakara, nyamara nabo bize ICT biyita injijuke mu by’ukuri nabo ntacyo bishoboreye mu bijyanye na “technical operations” z’izo systems nshya zadutse mu Rwanda. Usanga byose ari abazungu baza kubikora bigamirije inyungu zabo gusa.
Abanya koreya bo (Experts from KOREA ) aho baziye mu Rwanda bagatangiza umushinga bise “SMART RWANDA” wagira ngo mu Rwanda tubafata nk’ibimanuka, nyamara bashobora kuzaduta mu rwobo tutabizi, ngo dukurikiye ibigezweho muri ICT. Rwose nimureke tugende gahoro gahoro. Yego ntawanze ko ICT itera imbere mu Rwanda kandi ni byiza byadufasha, ariko uburyo turimo tubyirukamo tudatekereza neza ngo dushishoze tunasesengure nibyo biteye abantu inkeke.
Mu Rwanda barahindura ibintu buri munsi ngo ni ICT ukibaza ikigamijwe bikakuyobera.Nyamara wajya kureba imikorere yabyo na “efficiency” ugasanga ntabyo. Ministre wa MYICT yakagombye kugerageza kumva neza ko icyo abo banyamahanga bazanye mu Rwanda cyose tudakwiye kugisamira hejuru, tutabanje kugisuzumana ubushishozi, tukareba inyungu nyayo twaba tubifitemo, ariko cyane cyane tukareba niba koko dufite ubushobozi bwo kubikurikirana mu bijyanye n’imikorere yabyo.
Rwose banyarwanda, Banyarwandakazi ndabingize nimureke kwirarira, nimureke kwisumbukuruza, nimureke kubeshya namwe mwibeshya, nimureke tugendere ku murongo unoze kandi mbere ya byose dushyira imbere ubushishozi kandi dushyire imbere inyungu za rubanda.
Ya mpyisi iti: “Urajye utinya icyo abagabo bavuze”.
@Barakina: ibintu uvuze nukuri 100%. Twe gushyidukira ibyo tubonye byose ahubwo dushyiremo ubushishozi. Nta wanga ibyiza ariko tugomba kubanza tugashishoza tukareba neza niba ibyo twita ibyiza nta kindi kibyihishe inyuma.
Ngirango Minister bamwumvise nabi. Nibyo koko yavuze bye bye cachet na bardereaux ariko siyo ntambwe ya mbere. Abantu bakwiye kumenya neza icyo iri koranabuhanga rigamije. Icya mbere rigamije ni uguha umutekano ibisanzwe bikorerwa kuri internet. Urugero: ubu umuntu yemerewe gusaba ibyangombwa bitandukanye cg nko gutanga imisoro kuri internet. Iyo ugiye kwaka service ahantu barakureba bakamenya ko ari wowe uyisabye ariko iyo uyisabiye kuri internet bamenya bate ko ari wowe uyisabye? Nk’uko tugira irangamuntu (ID) mu buzima busanzwe rero ni nako dukeneye irangamuntu kuri internet (Digital ID).
Iri koranabuhanga rero bavuze ritanga iyo rangamuntu ndetse rirakenewe cyane ngo services ziri gutangirwa kuri internet (online) zigire umutekano ariko n’ibindi ryafasha nko kugabanya printing y’impapuro ngo abantu basinyeho kandi akenshi bakongera no kuzi scanna ngo bazohereze ntabwo leta yabura kubikoresha kandi hari iryo koranabuhanga ribitanga.
OK, ndabona harimo ibyiza n’ibibi. Ubwo Ministiri PHILIBERT ya byumvise, nawe ntiyanze inama. Ingamba zifatwe, kugirango batatuzanira ibintu byoroshye gupirata. Azabasabe bashyiremo urufunguzo rukomeye mu kwigana nibura nko myaka 20.Naho ubundi ntaho iterambere rya ICT tuzaricikira. Ubu se machine ya dactylographie imwe badondagaho na carbone ntibyagiye mu mateka? Abana bazajya bazisanga muri M– USEE; Ubu se hari ukijya muri RDB ngusaba icyangombwa cy’ubucuruzi? Ahubwo bazane computer za make, umuriro uboneke ku bwinshi, ubundi ikorana buhanga rigere no muri production. Imashini zibaza, zisudira, zicura, z’ubaka, zitera amarangi, uzi ko hari imashini isiga vernis ku nzara z’abagore n’abakobwa uyihaye commande,namwe ngo ngwiki? TUZAGENDA BUHORO YEGO , ariko turi mu murongo w’abandi. JYE NDABISHYIGIKIYE;
iyi nkuru mwayifashe uko itari mumbabarire kubwo ubumenyi bucye mufite kubya mudasobwa na internet(murandasi) gusa nanjye ndamvu iyo nishize mu mwanya wumuntu udasobanukiwe cyane imikorere ya internet numva koko ko bavuze uko iyi nkuru imeze yagira ibibazo yibaza nkibyo muri kugenda muvuga haruguru gusa siko biri PKI iri secure kurusha uko mwizera cachet naza signatures ariko aha nge icyo nshaka kubamenyensha nuko nubundi iri koranabuhanga ryakoreshwaga ariko muburyo bunyuranyeho gato nubu buje nubundi https(hypertext transfer protocol )secure ishyingiye kuri iri korana buhanga rya PKI aho haba hari ibigo bishyinzwe kugurisha CA urugero nka Digicerts kuba rero urwanda narwo rugiye kuba rufite ubushobozi byo kwitangira CA(certificates ) nibyiza kuko hari imbogamizi nyinshi bivanaho mwikumva ko hari ibyo bije kwica kuko nubundi izi system zose mwakoreshaga hano mu rwanda zikorana buhanga zikoresha certificates gusa itandukaniro nuko zakoreshaga certificates zatanzwe nibyo bigo byo muburayi na america noneho rero inyungu iri mukuzitangira nuko icyambere nizarinda kuba umuntu cg leta runana yakiyitirira ikigo runana akagura certificate urugero ya bank runana ubundi agatangira gukora attack kuba user biyo bank akabiba (man in middle attack) byagiye bibaho ko izo company zitanga fakes certs zigakoreshwa mukwibasira aba user kwisi ahantu hatandukanye u rwanda icyo gihe uretse ko rutazaba rwanayitanga kuko uzajya uyihabwa nicyigo kibishyizwe niyo icyo kibazo cyabaho tuzaba dufite ubushobozi bwo ku revoking iyo certificate akokanya igihe bimenyewe bitandukanye ni inzira byanyuragamo yo kujya kumenyesha iyo za america mwumveko ari ukuzamura cyber security infrastructure yurwanda murakoze
ikindi ntimwumve ko korea ariyo yazanye ibyo mu rwanda ahubwo nubushake bya leta yurwanda ubundi igashaka abafatanya kikorwa babizobereyemo kdi sinibintu biza bihubukiwe kuko byatangiye gukorwa 2013 etegeko ryatowe 2010 woe ubyumvishije aka kanya uhita wumva ari ibyahubukiwe ariko siko biba biri rimwe na rimwe namwe mbere yo kwandika comment hano mujye mubanza mukore research
kubwibyo rero urwanda ruzagira ikigo rootCA then ibigo byimari ama company nibindi byigenga bikore nka CA(certificate authority) ubundi bijye biha aba user(client) babyo digital certificate ariko nakwita nka cachet yikorana buhanga bivuze ngo iyo wanditse ubutumwa urugero email cg message cg itangazo wohereje kuri icyo kigo abo byanyura hose ntawundi mutu uba ufite ubushobozi bwo kubusoma uretse cya kigo kuko nicyo kiba gifite private key kdi woe uba ufite public key(muri certifcate baguhaye) kdi public key yo ubushobozi ifite nubwo gufunga ya baruwa yawe kuburyo izabasha gufungurwa nuwo uyoherereje gusa iyi PKI yurwanda rero kubwange mbona arikintu cyaburaga kurusha uko mbibona uko mwumva ko ari threats. kuba muvuga ngo namabanga ya america bayinziramo bitandukanye nu kuvuga ko ba breakinze PKI kuko protocols zikoreshwamo(urugero TLS/SSL kuri webs nizindi nyinshi) na encryption algorithm (RSA,AES,PGP) zose nta nimwe iraba dead bivuze ntanyimwe irabasha kwinzirwamo attacks zikorwaho zigatera ibyo mwavuze haruguri akenshi ziterwa na ku y implementinga nabi cyangwa social enginnering(kubeshya abantu badafite ubumenyi muri mudasobwa) urugero nshaka kwiba password zawe ukoresha ahantu runaka ntago nakwirirwa nkaka uburyo breakinga https encryption ahubwo nakubeshya ukazimpa byoroshye (urugero ni ubutumwa bwirirwa bunyura whatsapp bwa spams ariko kubwubumenyi bucye babenshi barabohezanya nyamara haba harimo urugera ngo whatsapp nshya ya gold editor ikwereka abasuye profile yawe nyamara nufungura iyo link nyiri kuyohereza aragita yigarurira phone yawe) urumva biroroshye kwiba ubuntu wese aho akora hose igihe ntabumenyi abite kuko ubwo bujuru bwikorana buhanga bukora igiye rero bibye amakuru runaka nkayo ya america ntugahite ugira ngo ubwo iryo korana buhanga barishyize hasi hari ahubwo baba bashyatse uburyo bari bypassinga thanks
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