Abasesero birwanyeho biba iby’ubusa bicwa urw’agashinyaguro

– Babahitishijemo kujya ku ruhande rw’inkotanyi cyangwa urw’Abafaransa, bahisemo kujya ku ruhande rw’inkotanyi babicisha inzara,

– Uwari Perezida Ndadaye yarishwe, Abasesero baratotezwa cyane bazira ko perezida w’Umuhutu mu Burundi yishwe

– Abafaransa baje ari abo gukiza Abatutsi ariko birangira aribo babagambaniye.

Muri za 1962, ubwoko bw’Abatutsi bwari bubangamiwe, basenyerwa, bicwa, bamburwa ibyabo, abandi bamenengana bajya ishyanga, Abatutsi bo mu Bisesero nabo batewe n’abasilikare bari bavuye ku Kibuye, ariko havamo abagabo b’intwari bajya kureba aho ibyo bitero biri guturuka, n’icyo bigendereye ; barabirwanya. Abasesero bamwe barahagwa, ariko babasha kubisubiza inyuma.

Kuva icyo gihe agace ka Bisesero kagizwe agace ko kwitonderwa, ndetse ubwo bakoraga amakarita agaragaza amakomine ya perefegitura ya Kibuye, Bisesero yashyirwagaho ikimenyetso kihariye, bavuga ko ari agace umuntu wese adapfa kwinjiramo uko yiboneye cyangwa yaninjiramo ntasohokemo ari naho havuye imvugo ngo « Mu Bisesesero harinjirwa ntihasohokwa».

Kuri ubwo butegetsi bwa Kayibanda, Umusesero wageraga mu buyobozi baravugaga ngo uyu ni Umututsi, ariko bakongeraho wo mu Bisesero.

Mu mashuri wasangaga abana baturuka mu Bisesero bafatwa nk’aho ari abandi bantu badasanzwe, ku buryo nko mu mikino ihuza ibigo by’amashuri, abarimu babwiraga abanyeshuri bigisha ngo:”Mwitonde ubwo mugiye gukina n’Abasesero”. Ibi byose byongeraga amacakubiri n’urwango byakorerwaga Abatutsi baturuka mu Bisesero, bagahezwa mu mashuri kandi nta bwenge babuze, n’ubashije kwiga akoherezwa mu bwarimu ngo azigishe abana b’abahutu.

Abasesero bakomeje kwibasirwa no kubwa Habyarimana

Mu mwaka w’1973, Habyarimana amaze gukorera kudeta Kayibanda, mu cyari Komini Gishyita yayoborwaga n’uwitwaga Gashakabuhake David wasimbuwe na Karasankima; ndetse no mu cyahoze ari komine Gisovu yategekwaga na Murakaza (Se wa Obed Ruzindana), bose bari bashyigikiye kwicwa kw’abatutsi, n’ahandi hose hakikije ibi bice Abatutsi bakomeje kwibasirwa ariko Abasesero bakomeza kwihagararaho.

Abicanyi bakoze ibintu bimeze nk’imbunda, barabiheka binjira mu Bisesero ngo Abasesero bagire ubwoba bahunge, ariko Abasesero baregerana baratabarana birukana abashakaga kubica no kubanyaga ibyabo; barakubitwa barahunga, bazinukwa agace ka Bisesero. Ariko Abasesero bakomeza gutotezwa mu buyobozi ku buryo nta Musesero wapfaga kubona icyangombwa cyo mu buyobozi bwa komini.

Nyuma y’igitero cy’Inkotanyi mu w’1990, Abasesero bakomeje kwibasirwa

Nyuma y’aho Inkotanyi zitereye mu 1990, Umututsi yakomeje kwibasirwa ku buryo aho Umusesero yasangaga Abahutu bateraniye bamuninuraga mu migani n’amagambo mabi yagaragazaga urwango yari afitiwe.

Mu gihe cyo gufata ibyitso, Abasesero baribasiwe, barafatwa, barakubitwa, barafungwa ndetse bamwe bahitamo no guhunga ingo zabo. Urwangano Abahutu bangaga Abatutsi rwarakomeje ruriyongera.

Ni muri iyo myaka ya za 90, uwari burugumesitiri wa Gishyita, Karasankima yariye imfashanyo yari yagenewe abaturage bahita bamuhimba Karasabishyimbo; baramuhagarika, biba ngombwa ko yiyamamazanya n’umututsi, umututsi aratsinda, ariko hahita haba imyigaragambyo y’Abahutu bavuga ngo ntibashaka gutegekwa n’Umututsi, biba ngombwa ko amatora asubirwamo hashyirwaho Sindikubwabo w’Umuhutu.

Ni muri iyo myaka kandi mu Burundi habaye Kudeta, uwari Perezida Ndadaye aricwa, Abasesero baratotezwa, bazira ko perezida w’umuhutu mu Burundi yishwe. Mu gihe cy’amashyaka menshi, urubyiruko rw’Abahutu rwajyaga mu myitozo ya MRND, CDR ndetse n’amashyaka yari afite igice cya “Power”, kandi uko bavuyeyo bazaga bahindutse ukundi ari nabwo batangiye kubwira Abatutsi ngo ibyo biratana byose nk’inka n’ibindi ntibazongera kubibona mu minsi mike.

1994: Iherezo ry’umugambi wo gutsemba Abasesero

Nyuma y’ihanurwa ry’indege yari itwaye uwahoze ari perezida w’u Rwanda, ibyacaga amarenga byose noneho byahise bishyirwa ku mugaragaro. Ubwicanyi bwatangiriye mu bice byose bikikije agace ka Bisesero nka Gishyita, Rwamatamu, Gisovu ndetse na Gitesi.

Ababashije gucika ku icumu ry’ubwo bwicanyi bwakorwaga bushyigikiwe n’abategetsi barimo Perefe Kayishema Clément, Obed Ruzindana, Ababurugumesitiri, ba Konseye, Abapolisi, abajandarume, abaturage bari bazwi nk’Abahutu ndetse n’Interahamwe zatojwe bahungiye mu Bisesero bizeye ko bashobora kuhabonera amakiriro, ndetse n’uwabaga ahishwe n’Umuhutu yamenyeshwaga ko byakomeye, ibyiza ari uko yagerageza akajya mu Bisesero. Ariko umugambi wari umwe wo kurundarundira abantu mu Bisesero ngo babone uko babarimbura kuko bacaga umugani uvuga ngo “ujya gutwika imbagara arazegeranya.”

Abicanyi bamaze kubona ko Abatutsi hafi ya bose bamaze guhurira mu Bisesero, bafashe umugambi wo kubatera. Mbere yo kubatera baturutse impande zose, babanje kubatabariza. Hari hasanzwe haza ibitero by’abaturage, abapolisi, n’abarinzi ba gereza, ariko Abasesero bakihagararaho ndetse abicanyi bakahatakariza abantu, bagira ubwoba bwo kongera gutera Abasesero.

Uwari Minisitiri w’intebe muri Leta yiswe iy’abatabazi, Kambanda Yohani nibwo yakoresheje inama avuga ko hagati ya Gisovu na Gishyita Inkotanyi zahashinze ibendera ko bagomba kujya kubakuramo. Nibwo abari abategetsi bahuruje abasilikare, abajandarume, Interahamwe, abapolisi, abaturage bavanywe ku Gisenyi, Ruhengeri, Gikongoro ndetse na Cyangugu, bose bafite umugambi umwe wo kujya kwica abantu bose bari mu Bisesero.

Abana babonkeshaga ba nyina kandi bapfuye.

Uwo mugambi bawuhurije hamwe ku itariki ya 13 Gicurasi 1994, Abasesero ntibabasha kwirwanaho nk’uko bari basanzwe kubera ibitero birimo imbunda n’amagerenade, abasirikare, abajandarume n’Interahamwe zatojwe kwica bakoreshaga.

Ibi bitero byose, bikaba byari biyobowe na ba Burugumesitiri, na perefe wa Kibuye ndetse na Obed Ruzindana wazanye imihoro kandi akajya anatanga ibihembo ku bicanyi bari baturutse mu yandi ma perefegitura ngo bakunde bamareho icyitwa Umututsi wese mu Bisesero.

Kuri iyo tariki ya 13, Abasesero bamaze kubona ko kurwana bitagishobotse, bafashe umugambi wo kwerekeza aho babona ingufu nke ku bicanyi, barahatatanya maze buri wese agerageza gukiza amagara ye kuko hari hasigaye uburyo bumwe bwo kwirwanaho aribwo kwiruka.

Kuri iyo tariki ya 13 kandi , umuntu wese utari ufite intege zo kwiruka nk’abana n’abagore yaraye yishwe, kuko imisozi yose yari yuzuye abicanyi. Ntibyagarukiye aho gusa kuko umugambi wo gutsemba Abasesero wakomeje ku itariki ya 14, kuko abicanyi bose bari bavuye mu yandi ma perefegitura baracumbikiwe, kugira ngo bakomeze ubwicanyi.

Ku itariki ya 14 mu gitondo, Abasesero batari baraye bishwe nk’inkomere, nibwo bishwe ndetse abicanyi bakomeza kujagajaga imisozi yose n’ibihuru ngo bamareho uwitwa umututsi wese.

Abasesero bishwe urupfu rw’agashinyaguro, abana bakabonkesha ba nyina kandi bapfuye, abagore n’abakobwa bakabashinga ibisongo mu bitsina ari bazima, n’ibindi.

Ababashije kurokoka ubwicanyi bwo muri iyo minsi ibiri, bakomeje kwihisha kugeza ku itariki ya 27/06/1994, ubwo ingabo z’abafaransa zazaga mu cyiswe “opération turquoise”.

Ingabo z’Abafaransa aho kubakiza zarabasonze

Abafaransa bageze mu Bisesero mu ma saha ya nyuma ya saa sita, bari muri gahunda yo gutata aho bashyira ibirindiro byabo, ariko baza bayobowe n’abari bari mu bwicanyi bwakorerwaga Abasesero, ku buryo bagendaga bababwira ibitandukanye n’ukuri kw’ibyakorerwaga Abasesero, bakababwira ko Abatutsi ari bo bari kwica Abahutu.

Abasesero bari bataricwa, aho bari bihishe bamaze kubona izo modoka zitandukanye n’izazaga zitwaye Interahamwe, ndetse zirimo n’abasirikare bafite uruhu rw’abazungu batangiye kuva mu bwihisho, basaba ingabo z’Abafaransa kubarengera; Abafaransa banga kubumva no guhagarika imodoka, biba ngombwa ko abicwaga bitambika mu muhanda rwagati, babona guhagarara.

Nyuma yo guhagarara, abafaransa babwiye abicwaga ngo bakomeze bihishe bazagaruka nyuma y’iminsi itatu kandi babibabwira abicanyi bari kubyumva, ku buryo abicanyi bongereye ibitero n’umurego kugira ngo Abafaransa bazahagere n’abari babashije gusigara barabishe.

Muri iyo minsi itatu nka ¾ by’abari basigaye barishwe. Abafaransa bahagera ku itariki ya 30/06/1994 hasigaye hafi kimwe cya kane.

Nyuma y’igaruka ry’ingabo z’Abafaransa, inkomere zimwe zajyanywe mu bitaro by’i Goma, abandi basigarana n’Abafaransa, ku gasozi ka Rwirambo mu Bisesero.

Abajyanywe i Goma ngo bavurwe bakorewe ibintu biteye agahinda. Uwabaga afite agakomere n’ubwo kaba ari gato gute, urugingo rwose bararucaga batitaye ku bunini bw’igikomere, ku buryo hari abaciwe amaguru abandi bagacibwa amaboko kandi byari bihagije gushyiraho imiti n’igipfuko, abandi bambikwaga ubusa bakabafotora ngo bazerekane ko hari icyo bakoze.

Nyuma yo kubahitishamo kugumana nabo cyangwa na FPR, Abasesero bagahitamo kujya ku ruhande rwa FPR, Abafaransa bararakaye. Uwo munsi wose, Abasesero bicishijwe inzara nk’igihano kuko batahisemo kugumana n’Abafaransa.

Aya mateka yose yanditswe uko yatanzwe n’abakambwe barokokeye mu Bisesero.

Photos: Plaisir MUZOGEYE/UM– USEKE.COM

Iyi nkuru tuyikesha Ikinyamakuru Icyizere cya CNLG
yanditwe na NDAHIMANA J.Damascène na MUGABARIGIRA Stanley