Abantu miliyoni 1,6 ku Isi bahitanwa no kurya umunyu mwinshi

Umunyu ukabije buri mwaka ngo uhitana abantu miliyoni 1,6 ku isi, ibi biremezwa n’ubushakashatsi bwashyizwe ahagaragara kuwa gatatu tariki ya 13 Kanama n’Abanyamerika mu rwego rwo gukangurira abantu kugabanya umunyu barya hagamijwe kugabanya imfu zaterwa nawo.

Dr Dariush Mozaffarian, Perezida w’ishami rya ‘Sciences’ muri Kaminuza ya Tufts, ndetse akaba yaragize uruhare runini muri ubwo bushakashatsi, yagize ati “Birazwi ko umunyu mwinshi utuma habaho ibibazo mu mitsi itwara amaraso, ibyo bikaba byateza ikibazo gikomeye cy’indwara z’umutima n’ibindi bibazo by’imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko.”

Akomeza atangaza muri ubu bushakashatsi bwatangajwe mu kanyamakuru New England Journal Of Medicine (NEJM) ko kugeza na n’ubu ingaruka z’umunyu mwinshi ku ndwara z’umutima ku isi hose zitarashyirwa ahagaragara hagendewe ku myaka ya buri wese, cyangwa ku gitsina cye.

Aba bashakashatsi bavuga ko umunyu buri wese yabashije kurya mu mwaka wa 2010 ari gm 3,95 buri munsi, iyi ngano ikaba ikubye inshuro ebyeri umunyu wa gm 2 ishami ry’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku buzima (OMS) uvuga ko ariwo buri muntu mukuru yagombye kurya mu ifunguro ritarimo ibinure byinshi.

Uduce twinshi ku Isi hagaragara kurya umunyu ku gipimo cyo hejuru ugereranyije n’amabwiriza ya OMS. Muri Afurika yo mu nsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara ngo umunyu uribwa na buri muntu ku munsi ni gm 2,18 mu gihe muri Aziya yo hagati umuntu umwe akoresha gm 5,51 z’umunyu ku munsi.

Abashakashatsi basanze kugabanya umunyu byagira ingaruka nziza mu kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaraso mu mitsi ku bantu bakuze.

Dr Mozaffarian akomeza agira ati “Abo bantu miliyoni 1,65 bapfa bazira umunyu mwinshi, ni 10% by’abantu bose bazira indwara zifitanye isano n’umutima kandi nta gihugu na kimwe ku isi bitareba.”

Yongeraho ati “Iyi mibare y’ubushakashatsi irerekana ko hakwiye imbaraga za politiki nyinshi mu kugabanya umunyu utekwa muri Amerika no ku Isi hose.”

Abanyamerika mu 2010 ngo bakoreshaga gm 3,6 ni ukuvuga ko barenzagaho 80% ku munyu uteganywa na OMS.

Ibitabo byerekana ingano y’umunyu umuntu akwiye gukoresha byerekana ko akwiye kurya gm 2,3 zitarenga ku munsi. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko imfu 58 000 muri Amerika ziterwa n’indwara z’umutima akenshi kurya umunyu mwinshi urenze gm 2 aribyo nyirabayazana w’izo mfu.
Abashakashatsi ariko banatangaza ko kuba ibyo batangaje ari ingano y’umunyu basanze mu nkari, bishobora kudahuza neza n’umunyu abaturage bakoresha muri buri gihugu cyo ku Isi.

Aba bashakashatsi kandi banavuga ko muri bimwe mu bihugu nta mibare nyayo yari ihari. Ibi byatumye basaba abantu gusuzumana ubushishozi ibyo batangaje, ibi bakaba babisohoye mu nyandiko nto iherekeje ubushakashatsi batangaje muri NEJM.

Dr Suzanne Oparil wo muri Kaminuza ya Alabama ati: “Bitewe n’uburyo bwinshi bwakoreshejwe kugira ngo abashakashatsi bazibe icyuho cy’imibare yizewe n’uko hari itarabonekaga mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, birasaba kugira ubushishozi.”

Mu bundi bushakashatsi kandi bwatangajwe muri aka kanyamakuru, NEJM bwerekana ko mu baturage ku bakoresha umunyu muke, bitagira isano na nke ku bibazo by’umuvuduko w’amaraso mwinshi, muke cyangwa uringaniye.

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ibyo batangaje bikwiye kwigisha abaturage. Nyamara ariko Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi muri Amerika (Institut américain de médecine, IOM) cyatangaje muri raporo yacyo mu 2013 ko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwagaragaje ko umunyu mwinshi ufitanye isano n’indwara z’umutima.

Gusa ngo iki kigo IOM, cyari cyarabuze ubundi bushakashatsi bwakwemeza ko kugabanya umunyu kugera kuri gm 2,3  buri muntuarya  ku munsi byagabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima.

Muri Amerika ishyirahamwe ‘American Health Association’ rireba indwara z’umutima n’ibindi bibazo bijyana nayo risaba ikigo gishinzwe imiti ‘Agence américaine des médicaments, FDA) kugabanya umunyu ukoreshwa kugera kuri gm 1,5 ku munsi.

Iri shyirahamwe rivuga ko 75% by’umunyu ukoreshwa n’Abanyamerika ukomoka mu biryo bikorwa n’inganda n’amarestora.

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UM– USEKE.RW