Abana uyu munsi bakwiye kumenya bate iby’amoko?
*Abishwe muri Jenoside abenshi ni abana
*Abagizweho ingaruka zikomeye nayo abenshi ni abana
*Abana ba none bafite amatsiko menshi ku byabaye
*Iyo usobanurira umwana ngo umubwiza ukuri kuko isi ya none yo nta banga igira
Imiryango myinshi uyu munsi cyangwa ejo ifite/izagira ikibazo cy’abana babyiruka bayibaza iby’amoko. Abishwe muri Jenoside n’ababishe. Nyamara ingengabitekerezo y’ivanguramoko niyo yagejeje u Rwanda kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Umwana uyu munsi cyangwa ejo akwiye kumenya iki niba abajije ati ‘Abatutsi ni ba nde? Abahutu ni ba nde? Njyewe ni inde muri abo?
Ngo izijya gucika zihera mu ruhongore, Jenoside nayo nk’umugambi wari ugamije kurimbura Abatutsi abishwe cyane ni abana kuko mu miryango y’abanyarwanda wasangaga harimo umugore, umugabo n’abana kenshi batatu kuzamura kugera no ku icyenda cyangwa 10.
Imbare y’Abatutsi bazize Jenoside y’ibarura ry’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare ni 1 074 817 abenshi muri bishwe ngo ni abana kuko umugambi wari uwo kurimbura nk’uko binemezwa n’umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa IBUKA Naphtal Ahishakiye mu kiganiro yagiranye n’Umuseke.
Abana ariko kandi nibo bubakirwaho igihugu kizaza, u Rwanda rwa none n’ejo ntirushaka kubakira ku macakubiri yagejeje kuri Jenoside, ariko abana batazi ayo macakubiri kandi ari nabo yakozeho cyane, bayafitiye amatsiko.
Abana bagizweho ingaruka zikomeye na Jenoside
Abana barishwe ariko ntibashize hari abarokotse, basigara ari impfubyi bafite kwigunga n’ibibazo bikomeye. Gusa Naphtal avuga ko ibibazo bari bafite uko byari bimeze mu 1995 atari ko byari bimeze mu 2000 kandi atari ko bimeze uyu munsi.
Ati “Aba bana bagize ibibazo bikomeye Jenoside ikirangira, murabizi n’iyi miryango y’abarokotse yari itaravuka, kandi n’ubushobozi bwa Leta bwari buto. Abenshi bagiye kuba mu miryango, hari n’abagiye kuba mu miryango y’ababakoreye Jenoside. Nawe ibaze umuntu wakumazemo umuryango, akakwakira , akakurera byari ingorane zikomeye. Hamwe ugasanga abana babo bwite barajya kwiga aba bafashe bakabakoresha imirimo ivunanye bakamesera ba nyir’urugo, abandi bakajya kuragira.”
Avuga ko aba bana b’impfubyi kandi bahuye n’ingorane zo kurera barumuna babo, aho wasangaga abana bakiri bato cyane bata amashuri bakajya kurera barumuna babo basigaranye, bagahura n’ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima.
Aba bana ngo abenshi ntibari bazi iby’imitungo y’ababyeyi babo bishwe, batazi imbago z’amasambu yabo, bityo ababizi bakabikoresha mu nyungu zabo ndetse abandi bakabigurisha abana bakizisanga ntacyo bafite mu byari no kubarengera.
Gusa ngo hari abantu bakuru bagaragaje ubutwari, bakira abana benshi mu ngo zabo babarera mu bushobozi bwabo bushoboka ariko nibura bitaweho kandi ibibazo n’umutwaro kuri bo bikagabanuka.
Abari abana barokotse ubu abenshi ni bakuru ndetse barubatse. Babwira iki abana babo?
Naphtal avuga ko abari abana b’impfubyi ubu bakaba ari ababyeyi nabo icyo bagomba kwigisha abana babo ari ububi bw’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside
Ati “Bakwiye gutegura abana babo nk’abazubaka igihugu kidashobora kongera kubamo Jenoside.
Bakwiye kwicara n’abana babo bakababwiza ukuri ku mateka y’iki gihugu, Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi yabaye muri iki gihugu , umwana agakura abizi, umwana ntabwo umubwira ibyo kugira ngo arakare, {ahubwo}umutegura kubana n’abandi, akumva inkomoko ya Jenoside akumva n’impamvu yo kuyirwanya, akumva ko Jenoside ari umugambi mubi utekerezwa ugashyirwa mu bikorwa n’ubuyobozi bubi. Umwana ukamutegura akumva yuko afite inyota y’ubuyobozi bwiza.”
Abana uyu munsi bakwiye kumenya bate iby’amoko?
Naphtal ati “Umwana akwiye kumenya amakuru ahagije kuri Jenoside akayigiraho n’ukuri, ukuri kuri Jenoside ntidukwiye gucengacenga ngo dukwepe n’ibibazo cy’amoko, abantu bakwiye ku kiganira n’abana ariko bakababwira n’inkomoko y’ayo moko, uko yahemberewe uko yubatswe mu bantu n’ingaruka yagize.
Abantu bakaboneraho bakereka abana ko Jenoside mu Rwanda nta shingiro na rimwe yari ifite usibye ubuyobozi bwubatse amacakubiri n’urwango mu banyarwanda.
Ubundi iyo ugiye kureba ibisobanuro ni uko nta bwoko bwari buri mu Rwanda. Ni leta yagabanyijemo abantu ibice, ikabihindurira ubusobanuro budakwiriye, ikubaka urwango mu bantu kugera ubwo bya bintu bifata , bikagira naho bigira ingaruka zikomeye nk’izo abanyarwanda banyuzemo.
Ikintu gikomeye rero nuko iyo usobanurira umwana umubwiza ukuri kuko Isi uyu munsi nta banga igira iyo utamubwiye ukuri agusanga ahandi bityo ababyeyi bakwiye kubwiza abana babo ukuri kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, biriya bice bitatu byitirirwaga amoko ntibyari mu Rwanda , niba baravugaga ABAHUTU, ABATWA, ABATUTSI , umwana akwiye kubyumva akabisobanukirwa kuko ibi mu mateka y’u Rwanda ntabwo byari bishya icyabaye ni ukubihindurira ubusobanuro .
Ntabwo ari umuzungu waje mu Rwanda avuge ngo Hutu, Tutsi , Twa izo ni inyito yasanze hano, ariko yazisanze abanyarwanda bazikoresha iki? Yazisanze abanyarwanda bazikoresha nk’ibyiciro by’ubukungu abantu barimo, kuko byari ibintu bihindagurika, umuntu aba ari Umututsi iki gihe, muri uyu mwaka , igihe cya gera agasubira inyuma mu bukungu , akaba Umuhutu, gutyo gutyo abantu bahora bava mu kiciro bajya mu kindi, bava mu kiciro bajya mu kindi. Ibyo rero umwana akwiye kubyumva n’uko byaje gufatwa bikajya mu marangamuntu noneho, bigashyingirwaho abantu bahembera urwango, umuntu agasobanurirwa abana n’imikorere mibi ya za Leta zagiye zubaka iyo ngengabitekerezo y’amoko mu bantu.
Bigera aho ubwoko buhabwa agaciro nko kubwa Kayibanda na Habyarimana bavuga bati uyu muntu n’umuhutu akiyumva nk’umuntu ufite amahirwe ku murimo, ufite amahirwe yo kubona ishuri n’akazi, akiyumvamo nk’umuntu ubwoko bumuzanira inyungu.
Undi bamubwira ko ari umututsi akumva ko ari uwo kwicwa, akumva nta burenganzira ku ishuri , nta burenganzira ku murimo, nta burenganzira bwo gukora iki n’iki……
Umwana w’uyu munsi rero biranoroshye kubimusobanurira nubwo wamubwira iby’amoko nta nyungu yabibonamo kuko abana bose bafite amahirwe angana, bafite uburenganzi bungana n’ibindi n’ibindi…. Kuko uyu munsi mu Rwanda uhuye n’umuntu akakubwira ngo ni Umunyiginya wumva ko nta kintu bivuze, uhuye n’umuntu akakubwira ngo ni Umusinga wumva ko ari ikinti bidafite icyo bigusobanuriye, ukumva ntabwo mwabipfa, ntibyanababuza, niko rero n’ibi bya Hutu, Tutsi buriya ubona mu Rwanda byataye agaciro, Ni uko nta nyungu bigitanga.
Ikintu ababyeyi bakwiye kumva nuko nta nyungu nimwe umubyeyi ashobora gukura mu kubiba ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside mu bana be.”
Photos ©Evode Mugunga & D S Rubangura/UM– USEKE
Daddy SADIKI RUBANGURA
UM– USEKE.RW
English
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Niba kuba umuhutu n’umututsi n’umutwa byari ibyiciro by’ubukungu, ariko uyu munsi natwe tukaba duhamya ko abatutsi bishwe bazira uko bavutse, nuko natwe twemera ko ibyari ibyiciro by’ubukungu byabaye ubwoko,ko ibyari realite socioeconomique byahindutse realite genetique. Mu yandi magambo, ibyo ababiligi batuzaniye mu rwego rwo kuducamo ibice, natwe twarabyemeye. Biteye agahinda.
None uragirango duhamye ko bishwe bazira iki kitari uko bavutse?
Ibyo uvuga ahubwo nibyo byari muri abo bicanyi, izo classe sociale nibo bazigize ubwoko bica abantu.
Kuvuga amateka uko yagenze ntabwo biba bivuze ko nawe ubyemeye utyo.
Kandi n’iyo ubututsi bwaba ubwoko cyangwa classe sociale ntibivuze ko hari ugomba kubizira.
Dutereye akajisho mu mahanga urugero mu Bayahudi, dore bimwe mu byanditswe na The Guardian;
“A proposal to teach Israeli children about the Holocaust from the age of five has stirred anxious debate among parents and educators, with critics saying it is inappropriate to expose such young minds to the traumatic history of the Jewish people…”
Bapfuye bazira uko bavutse, kuko bavutse kubagizwe abatutsi biturutse kuri situation economique (gutunga inka 10 nibura).
Nizere ko ubyumva neza noneho
Iyi nkuru ifite Titre nziza. Ariko byari kuba byiza iyo hazamo icyo inzobere (urugero muri psychology,…) zibivugaho. Ku ruhande rwanjye nahisemo kwigisha abana ko ari abantu, bagomba gukunda no kubaha abandi bantu. Iby’amoko ubu muri 2017 nta gaciro mbiha kandi nifuza ko nabo nta gaciro bazabiha. Nta tegeko ribihana, kandi ndizera cyane ko atari n’icyaha imbere y’UHORAHO.
Ndamushima kandi kuko nasanze Data na Mama ari imvange.
Murambwire ese buriya umwana uvuka k’uwarokotse nawe yararokotse nawe agomba gufashwa na FARG no kuba muri ARG? ese umwana uvuka k’uwicanye nawe yaricanye ese agomba kumva cg kumenyeshwa ko yavutse k’umwicanyi? ese uwavuye hanze ari umuhutu we bite? uwavuye hanze ari umututsi cg umutwa we bite? ese umwana abarwa mumuryango wa nyina? cg abarwa mumuryango wa se? ese kuvuga ngo ntamoko yabagaho habagaho ibyiciro; wagira inka icumi ukaba umututsi ntitwaba dupfobeje GENOCIDE yakorewe abatutsi kuko ubwo twaba tuvuze ko GWNOCIDE yakorewe abakungu? igakorwa n’abakene? ibyo byose bikwiye kwigwaho mbere yo kumenya icyo twakwigisha abana bitari ibyo twazaba turi kubaroha mu rwobo rurerure kuruta urwo tuvuyemo.
kuko hazaboneka amoko menshi ( abafashwa na FARG baba ubwoko, abatayirimo bakaba ubundi, n’abavuye hanze bakaba ubundi kuko abana barabibona mumashuri kandi tukabivuga no kumaradiyo babyumva).
mushake uburyo naho ubundi abana bazatubaza ko twababeshye! cg ko twabaroshye.
Amoko abana bazayamenya uko tuyabigisha iyo tugeze muri salons zacu.
Ikibazo kiboneka aho ni uko umwana murabiganira yego nibyo akabyumva hanyuma yabyo akakubaza ngo nonese papa twebwe twari mu bahe?aho niho ihurizo riri!!kumubwira ngo twari mu bahutu bishe abantu ahita yibona nk’umwicanyi nk’umuntu wakomotse ku bantu bishe abandi.Iyo umubwiye uti twari mu batutsi bicwaga ahita agira reaction akabona ko barenganye ejo yahura n’uwo wavutse mu bari abahutu agatangira kumubwira amagambo akomeretsa ati mwaratwishe mwaraturenganyije mwa bagome mwe mwa bicanyi mwe!!!!Icyo mbona ababyeyi bakwiye gukora ni ukuganiriza abana babo ubunyarwanda,ubumuntu,gukunda igihugu,indangagaciro na kirazira,kdi bikaba guhozaho ndetse bigatangira umwana akiri muto cyane.Murakoze kandi dukomeze kwihangana
Twigishwako nta moko ari mu Rwanda, abahutu, abatutsi n’abatwa ngo si amoko. Ese iyo tugeze mu ngo nibyo tubwira abana? Cyangwa tubabwira uburyo ubwoko bw’abahutu ari bubi (ku ruhande rumwe) n’uburyo ubwoko abatutsi ari abagome n’indyarya (ku rundi ruhande)? Ikibazo dufite kugeza iyi saha nuko biriya tubwirwako nta moko aba iwacu usanga twese tubivugisha umunwa ariko umutima ubitseho ibindi tuba tudashaka kwerura. Inyigisho zitangirwa ku mugaragaro ni nziza rwose, ariko izitangirwa mu bwiherero nizo burozi kandi ni nazo abana bacu bakurana ejo ugasanga bamarana kandi bapfa ubusa. Erega igihe cyose tuzigishwa cyangwa tukigisha ibintu tutemera niko bizagenda, nta mbuto nzima zizavamo. Ni ryari abanyarwanda tuzareka gupfa amazuru tukibona nk’abasangiye gupfa no gukira? Ni ryari tuzumvako iki gihugu ari icyacu twese ko ntawe ugomba kumva agihejwemo? Ntimuzibeshye, abana buriya bazi gukopera ni abahanga, bumva ibyo tuvuga ariko bakareba nibyo dukora, nitubigishako nta moko abaho ariko mu bikorwa byacu bakayabona ntimugirengo bazagendera ku magambo.
Ukuri ni, nta moko ari mu Rwanda. Nta buhutu, nta bututsi, nta butwa. Amoko ntayahari rwose. Igihari ni abakoze Jenodide, n’abarokotse Jenoside. Byorohera abana kubibona rwose. Iyo abona ise nta nama y’abacitse ku icumu ajyamo, akabona ku ishuli ntari muri AERG, akabona hari uwitaweho na FARG we atarimo cyangwa arimo; Ahita yishyira mu kiciro. Ikibazo cy’amoko mbona gikwiye kuvugwa ku buryo bweruye, abana bakabwirwa ko abahutu bose atari babi. Bakabwirwa ko ababi bafunze, abandi bapfuye, abandi bihannye bagasaba imbabazi. Aho Ubunyarwanda buzajya hejuru y’amoko. Naho ubundi, kubigira ubwiru nibyo mbona birimo guteza ikibazo kurusha kubyerura abantu bakabana batishishanya. Njye ni uko mbitekereza.
Abandi mu bihugu bitera imbere baba bashishikajwe no kwigisha abana babo kumenya bakiri batoya gukoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, naho twe tugashishikarira kubonsa ku ibere rya Hutu-Tutsi mbere na mbere! Abana bacu bazajya bayijyana ku isoko ry’umurimo bahahe iki buriya?
Ntabwo ushobora kuvuga ngo nta moko aba mu Rwanda mu gihe uvuga “JENOCIDE yakorewe ABATUTSI”. Ubwo se Umwana nakubaza ati abatutsi ni bande? uzamusubiza iki? Uwo mwana se nakubaza ati ese abo Batutsi bishwe na ba nde? uzamusubiza ngo iki?
Byakabaye byiza usobanuriye umwana ko Abatutsi mu gihe cya Jenoside yabakorewe muri 1994 bishwe n’Abantu bamwe bava mu bwoko bw’abitwaga ABAHUTU. Uwo mwana ukamusobanurira ko Abahutu bose batishe abatutsi.
Ugasobanurira uwo mwana ko mu mateka y’u Rwanda habayeho icyo bitaga amoko atatu aribo: Abatwa, Abahutu, Abatutsi. Ukamusobanurira ko muri ayo moko uko ari atatu, abiri muri yo yaje kugirana ibibazo N’UBUSHYAMIRANE hagati yabo, aribo Abahutu n’Abatutsi. Ugasobanurira uwo mwana ko gushyamirana kw’ayo moko yombi ahanini byatewe n’Abakoloni, bababibyemo imbuto yo kwiyumva ko batandukanye. Ukanasobanurira neza abo bana ko ku ngoma ya Cyami Abatutsi aribo bari basa naho bihariye imyanya myinshi mu butegetsi bw’igihugu, ibyo bikaba bitaranezezaga Abahutu.
Ugasobanurira umwana ko muri 1959 habaye imyivumbagatanyo y’Abahutu, abatutsi bamwe bagatwikirwa, abandi bakicwa ndetse abandi bagahunga. Ariko wanasobanura ko muri iyo myivumbagatanyo hari n’abahutu nabo bapfuye.
Ugasobanurira umwana ko muri 1962 u rawnda rwabonye UBWIGENGE ariko bukaboneka Abahutu baramaze gufata ubutegetsi bakuyeho ingoma ya Cyami binyuze mu matora ya “Referendum” bamwe bise KAMARAMPAKA yabaye mu Rwanda ku itariki ya 25/9/1961.
Ugasobanurira abana ko Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri abahutu aribo bari biganje mu butegetsi, Abatutsi barahejwe. Ugasobanurira abana ko Abatutsi bari barahungiye hanze bagiye bagaba ibitero ku Rwanda bashaka guhirika Leta irho ariko bikananirana, ndetse ukanasobanura neza ko mu gihe abo batutsi bagabaga ibyo bitero, Leta y’abahutu yari ihari yaboneragaho umwanya wo kwica bamwe mu batutsi bari mu gihugu.
Ugasobanurira umwana ko mu Kwakira 1990 FPR yashoje intambara igatera u Rwanda ivuga ko ije kubohora abanyarwanda, noneho nyuma hakaba imishyikirano hakaza gusinywa amasezerano ya ARUSHA muri KANAMA 1993 agamije igabana ry’ubutegetsi n’itahuka ry’impunzi z’abatutsi zari zarahunze muri 1959.
Ugasobanurira uwo mwana ko ayo masezerano byagoye kuyashyira mu bikorwa kugeza ubwo muri Mata 1994 indege y’umukru w’igihugu w’u Rwanda irashwe, agafiramo n’abandi bari kumwe noneho Abahutu bamwe b’intagondwa bagatangira kwirara mu Batutsi bakabica aribyo byaje kwitwa JENOCIDE yakorewe Abatutsi.
Muramahoro, warubivuze neza ariko ntiwibagirwe ko mateka y u rda adahera 1959, uwo mwana mubwire nuko u rda rwari ruyobowe mbere y’a 1959.
Usanga mu biganiro mbwirwaruhame bitangwa muri iki gihe, ababitanga bose ubona bibanda ku mabi yabaye kuri Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri gusa, ariko nta n’umwe utinyuka kuvuga ku mabi yabaye mugihe cy’ingoma ya Cyami. Icyo rwose ni ikibazo gikomeye.
Ubona abatanga ibiganiro bibanda ku nyandiko yiswe “Manifaste des Bahutu” yasohotse tariki ya 24/03/1957 ariko ntibavuge ku nyandiko yasohotse tariki ya 22/02/1957 yitwa “Mise au Point” yanditswe n’Abajyanama b’Umwami bari bibumbiye mu cyo bitaga “Conseil Supérieur du Pays”.
Iyo nyandiko ya “Mise au Point” yibanze ku ngingo zikurikira:
a) -l’Enseignement
b) -une participation plus étendue au Gouvernement de notre pays
c) -Une politique économico-sociale mieux orientée
d) -L’atténuation de préjugés des couleurs
Izo nyandiko zombi abantu batanga ibiganiro mbwirwaruhame bagombye kuzivuga aho kuvuga imwe gusa indi bakayihorera.
Biragaragra ko “Mise au Point” yari igamije gusaba Ababiligi (L’ administation de Tutelle) guha ububasha busesuye ingoma ya cyami yari ihari. Naho Manifeste des Bahutu ikaba yari igamije gusaba Ababiligi na ONU gukemura ikibazo cy’iheezwa rya bamwe mu banyarwanda (Abahutu) batari bafite ijambo ku ngoma ya Cyami.
Hirya y’ibyo twabonye n’aho byakomotse hiyongeraho amahitamo y’umuntu kuko ibyo ubwira umwana iyo amaze gukura aba akwiye kugira aye mahitamo nubwo ahera kubyo yumvise n’ibyo abona. Kuba uyu munsi hari abantu bashoboye kwirengagiza gahunda ihuriweho na benshi bitwa ko bari mu bwoko bumwe byemeza ko amahitamo ya muntu ashobora gutandukana cyane nibyo yigishwa cyangwa se abwirwa. Kuba abiciwe ubu babasha gutanga imbabazi ndetse bagashyikirana n’ababiciye byerekana ko umuntu ashobora kugira imitekerereze ihabanye nibyo yumva, ibyo abona.
Twese dufite ibyo twumva nibyo tubana ariko tubyitwaramo dute? Abana bakwiye gutozwa guhora bagira amahitamo meza, kubanza gutekereza cyane kucyo bagiye guhitamo ndetse n’icyo bizabamarira. Kwigishwa kwubaha umuntu utamurebeye inyuma (uko agaragara haba mu ndeshyo, imyambarire, uburanga, iyo akomoka, ibyo akora) ahubwo ukamwubahira ko ari umuntu gusa.
Nitumara gusingira ibi bivuzwe ibindi byose bizaza nyuma ntacyo bizabasha gutwara sosiyete ahubwo bizaba urumuri rumurika hose bibe inkingi twegamira kandi ntakizatunyeganyeza. Hejuru yibi byose abigisha abandi kubaha Imana batange urugero rwiza bitari bimwe bya”Wumve ibyo mvuga nturebe ibyo nkora”.
Adam akiri wenyine nta bwoko yari afite yari Umuntu, Eva amaze kuboneka bagumye kuba abantu nta bwoko bari bafite. Amoko yatangiye kuza mw’Isi igihe abantu bari batangiye kuba benshi noneho abantu runaka bakitirirwa igisekuru runaka. Eg: Abarubeni, Abayozefu, Abishimayili, Abayuda, abanafutali…..
Niba rero nta Gahutu cg Muhutu, Gatusti cg Mututsi, Gatwa cg Mutwa bigeze baba mu Rwanda mbere yo kwaduka kw’aya mazina mureke twemere ko Abanyarwanda bayahisemo ngo agaragaze ibyiciro by’ubukungu cg Ibyiciro by’Ubudehe nkuko uyu munsi tubifite.
Gusa icyo nzi nuko kwa Munyiginya hakomotse abitwa “Abakobwa” akaba ari bene Mukobwa wa Munyiginya n’ayandi moko magenzi y’aya niko bimeze, Murakoze.
ibyobyo
Ariko mwibuke ko abahutu n’abatutsi bataba mu Rwanda gusa! Ubwo nimuvuga ko ibyitwa amoko, ko ari ibyiciro by’ubukungu, hanyuma mu Burundi, Congo, Uganda bakabivuga ukundi (ko ari ubwoko kamere) ubwo ntituzaba tuhuzagurika imbere y’abana bacu !!! Ibi ni ibyerekana ko imbere hacu tutahabona neza, turahuzagurika pe !!!!Hano tuvuga ngo abahutu bishe abatutsi, mu Burundi ni vice-versa , ngo abatutsi bishe abahutu !!! Sha tujye tubyihorera umuzungu yaradushoboye pe! Reba nk’ubu icyo kibazo kicyemutse neza hose haba iwacu i Rwanda n’i Burundi ndetse na Congo/Uganda, nibwo tuzaba tubonye igisubizo nyacyo kizaramba! Njye niko mbibona!
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