Julius Nyerere, ikitegererezo cy’ubunyangamugayo mu karere, aribukwa none  

Tariki 14 Ukwakira 1999 nibwo Julius Kambarage Nyerere nibwo yashizemo umwuka azize cancer mu bitaro bya St Thomas i Londres. Kuri uyu munsi Tanzania by’umwihariko, n’Akarere muri rusange karibuka ku nshuro ya 15; ubwitange, imiyoborere myiza, kwicisha bugufi no kutagira inda nini byaranze Mwalimu. Umunyamakuru Julian Rubavu yagiye aho akomoka maze azanira Umuseke inkuru ku mateka ya Nyerere amwe atazwi cyane. 

I Butiama mu ntara ya Mara mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bwa Tanzania niho yavukiye tariki 13 Mata 1922, avuga mu bwoko bw’aba Zanaki.  Jack Nyamwaga w’imyaka 76 niwe wakira abantu baje gusura ingoro ndangamurage ya Julius Nyerere i Butiama, avuga ko ubwoko bw’aba Zanaki bwakomotse muri Sudan bukamanuka muri Uganda bukaza gutura mu gaceka Mara. Zanaki ngo byaturutse ku mukambwe ubu bwoko bwaje busanga akabaza ngo “Ajanaki?” (azanye iki?) aba bantu bahita bitwa aba ‘Zanaki’ batyo. Uyu mukambwe Nyamwaga avuga ko Julius Nyerere adakomoka mu Rwanda cyangwa i Burundi nk’uko ngo hari abajya babivuga.

Nyamwaga avuga ko Nyerere, se yari umutware witwa Burito Nyerere, yari afite abagore 22 batuye hafi ye bose aha i Butiama. Uyu Burito yaje kwitaba Imana mu 1942 abagore be, n’uko umuco ubitegeka, batwarwa n’abandi bagabo bo mu muryango, usibye nyina wa Julius Nyerere witwaga Mgaya Wanyang’ombe wakomeje kubana n’abana be mu kazi k’ibyatsi aha i Butiama. Uyu mubyeyi yaje kwitaba Imana mu 1997 mbere ho imyaka ibiri ko n’umuhungu we amukurikira.

Nyerere yanze kuba mu nzu nini yubakiwe ati “njye sindi inzovu”

We na nyina n’abavandimwe be bakomeje kwibera mu nzu z’ibyatsi aha Butiama, ashaka umwalimukazi witwa Maria Gabriel Majige (Maria Nyerere) mu 1953 bakomeza kwibera aho kugeza mu 1961 Nyerere abaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere wa Tanganyika na Perezida wa mbere mu gihugu gifite ubwigenge mu 1962. Umugore we babanye kugeza apfuye.

Mu ntangiriro za 1960, Mzee Jack Nyamwaga avuga ko Kambarage yiyubakiye inzu nto y’ibyumba bitatu yasaga nk’aho ari nto ku muryango we.

Ubwo yari amaze kuba umuntu ukomeye mu gihugu, abashinzwe kumurinda no kumwitaho bamuherekeje kumusura i Butiama iwe bavuye Dar es Salaam.

Madaraka Nyerere, umuhungu we waganiriye n’umunyamakuru Julian Rubavu yagize ati “ Tuvuye mu nzu y’umukuru w’igihugu i Dar es Salaam tugeze Butiama iwacu byabaye ngombwa ko bamwe barara mu tuzu tw’abaturanyi kuko inzu ya data yari nto,”

Nyerere ariko yakomeje kwerekana ko ahagijwe n’inzu ye nto ndetse akomeza kuyituramo ubwo yari Perezida kuko aha Butiama iwe niho yazaga mu biruhuko kenshi.

Inzego za Leta zaje kumwubakira indi nzu y’ibyumba bitanu hafi y’iyi ya cyera, ariko Mwalimu Nyerere akaba ngo yaranze ko bamwubakira inzu nini y’agatangaza ababwira ko atari inzovu ngo abe mu kizu kinini cyane nk’icyo bamwerekaga bashaka kumwubakira.

Mu 1974 ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi rya TANU na Guverinoma byafashe umwanzuro wo kubakira indi nzu Perezida Nyerere kuko yari amaze kujya agira abashyitsi benshi cyane n’umuryango munini, nawe abasaba ko bamwubakira inzu nto y’ibyumba bitatu gusa ikoze mu biti. Mu 1999 nibwo indi nzu nshya igezweho yari yujujwe n’ingabo za TPDF ngo Nyerere ayisaziremo ariko yayibayemo iminsi micye nkuko byemezwa na Mzee Nyamwaga, kuko yahise yitaba Imana.

Imico idasanzwe

Abanyatanzania benshi ndetse n’abandi banyamahanga bamuzi banzura ko Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere yari afite imico idasanzwe yo gucisha bugufi.

Mwalimu Nyerere ntiyakundaga kwigwizaho imitungo nka benshi mu bayobozi b’ibihugu. Kubera kwicisha bugufi kwe akumvira, yumviwe na bose maze yubaka ‘ujamaa’ (ubufatanye mu bumwe) mu batanzania b’amoko yose n’ayari mu makimbirane arabireka.” Ni amagambo ya Brian Wanyama umusesenguzi wa Politiki n’umwalimu muri Masinde Muliro University muri Kenya.

Mwalimu Julius Kambarage Nyerere yari umugatulika ariko akagirana imibanire myiza ishingiye ku bworoherane mu kwemera n’andi madini. Iwe i Butiama yari yarahubatse icyanya cyahariwe abanyamasengesho ntawuhejwe.

Nyerere yarangije muri Kaminuza ya Makerere ibijyanye no kwigisha, nyuma abona Master’s mu mateka, politiki n’ubukungu yavanye muri Kaminuza ya Edinburgh muri Ecosse.

Yabaye Perezida wa Tanzanganyika (kuva mu 1962) inaba Tanzania (kuva mu 1964) ayiyobora kugeza mu 1985 afashe ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru, asimburwa na Ally Hassan Mwinyi.

Yahinduye byinshi cyane mu mibereho y’igihugu cya Tanzani cyane cyane ubukungu n’ubumwe bw’igihugu, yasize umurage ukomeye cyane w’igihugu cy’amahoro n’ubworoherane, yabereye akarere ka Africa y’iburasirazuba na Africa muri rusange intangarugero mu miyoborere.

Ubutwari bwe bwatumye yitirirwa za Kaminuza (Julius Nyerere University of Kankan, Guinea), ikibuga cy’indege kinini muri Tanzania, inyubako zimwe na zimwe, igikombe cy’umupira w’amaguru, Nyerereite ku bazi chimie (Na2Ca(C O3)2), imihanda icyenda mu bihugu birindwi bya Africa, amashuri menshi yisumbuye, ndetse uyu munsi wa tariki 14 Ukwakira ni ikiruhuko muri Tanzania.

Photos/Julian Rubavu/UM– USEKE

Julian RUBAVU
UM– USEKE.RW